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　　　　　　 CCTV News:Since the beginning of this year, there has been little rainfall in Jiangxi Province, especially since mid-July, and the weather in most areas has been sunny, hot and high-temperature, resulting in the continuous low water level in some rivers and lakes, insufficient water storage in reservoirs and the continuous spread of drought.

　　　　　　 Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province is a place where the drought is more serious. As of early September, the average rainfall in Pingxiang City is 898.0 mm, which is 32% less than the average for many years. Due to drought, lack of rain and hot weather, many reservoirs are seriously short of water storage. In xiangdong district, where the drought is severe, some reservoirs have dried up.

　　　　　　 Sankoutang Reservoir in xiangdong district is a small (I) reservoir with a total storage capacity of about 1 million cubic meters. Now, this reservoir, which is mainly responsible for the irrigation of more than 1,000 mu of farmland downstream, cannot be drained. Due to the long-term drought and lack of rain, the water level in the reservoir has dropped sharply, water plants have grown inside the reservoir, and the soil in many places has cracked.

　　　　　　 According to Peng Jian, deputy director of Pingxiang xiangdong district Water Affairs Bureau, there are 67 reservoirs in xiangdong district, of which 62 are small (II) reservoirs and 5 are small (I) reservoirs. Fourteen small (II) reservoirs have dried up, and two small (I) reservoirs have dried up and have retreated below the dead water level.

　　　　　　 According to the Jiangxi Provincial Water Resources Department, there are currently 41 rivers cut off and 115 reservoirs dried up in Jiangxi Province. According to the forecast of the meteorological department, the rainfall in Jiangxi Province will still be less and the temperature will be higher in September, the water level of rivers will continue to fall, the water storage capacity of reservoirs will continue to decrease, and the drought will continue or spread.

　　　　　　 Rice, a crop over 3 million mu, is the most seriously affected by drought.

　　　　　　 According to the statistics of the water conservancy department of Jiangxi Province, at present, the drought-affected area of crops in the province has reached 3.24 million mu, and 1.02 million mu of paddy fields are short of water. Now it is the critical period for heading and filling of middle and late rice in Jiangxi Province, and the impact of drought and water shortage on rice is particularly serious.

　　　　　　 In some farmland in Jishui County and Xiajiang County, Ji ‘an City, Jiangxi Province, the reporter saw that the rice fields were seriously short of water, the fields were cracked, the seedlings were yellow, and some of them had rolled leaves.

　　　　　　 Hu Dehou, a cadre of the Agricultural Service Center of Yanxi Town, Xiajiang County, Ji ‘an City, said: "Our town has more than 34,000 acres for two nights, and basically 80% of them are all affected by drought. This rice is basically useless, and it has all been smashed when it is pulled out. You can see that this mud becomes powder as soon as it is driven out, and it is useless when it rains. It is already a short seedling, which was originally like this booting stage.

　　　　　　 At present, Jiangxi Provincial Defense General has sent five working groups to Pingxiang, Xinyu, Nanchang, Jiujiang, Shangrao and Ganpingyuan Irrigation District to guide drought prevention and water management, and has arranged 20 million yuan to support local drought relief, and won 30 million yuan for drought relief subsidies.

　　　　　　 More than 150,000 people with insufficient water sources have difficulty drinking water.

　　　　　　 Water shortage has also caused people in some areas of Jiangxi to have difficulty drinking water. For this reason, various parts of Jiangxi have taken measures to solve the problem of drinking water for the people.

　　　　　　 In Taiping Village, Yangqi Township, Shangli County, Pingxiang City, as soon as the sprinkler carrying domestic water arrived at the entrance of the village, the villagers who had been waiting here early quickly gathered around to receive water. For several months, they have been relying on the local government to send water to solve the problem of drinking water. In Tantang Village, Xiabu Town, xiangdong district City, Pingxiang City, the villagers’ own wells are completely out of water, and now they mainly rely on the government to deliver water every day.

　　　　　　 At present, in addition to supplying water to solve the urgent need, the local government is also actively promoting the urban-rural integrated water supply project to connect these villages with tap water as soon as possible, hoping to solve the problem of insufficient local water resources.

　　　　　　 According to the statistics of Jiangxi Provincial Defense Office, in early September, 157,600 people in 25 counties (cities, districts) in Pingxiang, Ji ‘an, Fuzhou, Shangrao, Yichun, Xinyu and other six districts and cities in Jiangxi experienced drinking water difficulties due to insufficient water sources. At present, all parts of Jiangxi are actively solving the problem of domestic water use for people in water-deficient areas by means of motorized water transportation, opening up water sources and drilling wells to pump water.

State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China’s Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Order No.56, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Order No.56, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China’s Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC), which was considered and adopted at the 3rd executive meeting in State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on December 29, 2023, is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of March 1, 2024. Director State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China: Hu Jinglin’s Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) on January 15th, 2024 In order to ensure the effective implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China decided to amend the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) as follows: 1. As Article 3: "The electronic invoice mentioned in Article 3 of the Measures refers to the receipt and payment vouchers issued and collected in the form of data messages in the purchase and sale of goods, provision or acceptance of services and other business activities in accordance with the provisions of the tax authorities on invoice management. "Electronic invoices have the same legal effect as paper invoices, and no unit or individual may refuse them." Two, one article is added as Article 4: "The tax authorities shall build an electronic invoice service platform to provide digital electronic invoice issuance, delivery, inspection and other services for ticket users and individuals." One article is added as Article 5: "The tax authorities shall, in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations,Establish and improve the invoice data security management system to ensure the invoice data security. "Units and individuals shall carry out invoice data processing activities in accordance with the relevant provisions of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, undertake the obligation of invoice data security protection according to law, and shall not store invoice data in excess of the specified amount, and shall not use, illegally sell or illegally provide invoice data to others in violation of regulations." 4. Article 4 is renumbered as Article 7, and the first paragraph is amended as: "The basic contents of an invoice include: invoice name, invoice code and number, serial number and purpose, customer name, bank and account number, commodity name or business item, unit of measurement, quantity, unit price, amount in words and figures, tax rate (collection rate), tax amount, drawer, billing date and name of billing unit (individual). 5. Article 5 is renumbered as Article 8 and amended as: "An invoice-receiving entity may request the tax authorities in writing to use the invoice with its name printed on it, and the tax authorities shall confirm the type and quantity of the invoice with its name printed on it according to Article 15 of the Measures." 6. Article 6 is renumbered as Article 9 and amended as: "The tax authorities shall supervise and manage the enterprises that print invoices according to the requirements of government procurement contracts and the management of anti-counterfeiting products for invoices." 7. Article 10 is renumbered as Article 13, and the first paragraph is amended as: "The tax authorities that supervise the production of invoices shall issue a notice of invoice printing as required, and the printing enterprises must print as required." Eight, thirteenth to sixteenth, the first paragraph is amended as:"The special seal for invoices mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the seal with the words of its name, unified social credit code or taxpayer identification number and special seal for invoices stamped by the units and individuals receiving invoices when they issue paper invoices." 9. Article 15 is renumbered as Article 18 and amended as: "The methods of collection mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refer to the methods of batch supply, exchange of the old and bring in the new, inspection of the old and bring in the new, and determination of the quota. "The tax authorities determine or adjust the type, quantity, amount and method of collecting invoices according to the tax risk degree, tax credit level and actual business situation of units and individuals." Ten, delete sixteenth, eighteenth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, thirty-seventh. XI. One article is added as Article 25: "The amount stipulated in Article 19 of the Measures shall not be changed, including the unit price and quantity involved in the calculation of the amount." 12. Article 27 is renumbered as Article 26 and amended as: "After the paper invoice is issued, if it is necessary to void the invoice, such as sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, etc., the original invoice shall be recovered and marked with the word’ void’, and then the invoice shall be void. "After issuing a paper invoice, if it is necessary to issue a red-ink invoice in case of sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, sales discount, etc., it shall recover all the original invoices and indicate the words’ red-ink’ before issuing a red-ink invoice. If it is impossible to recover all the original invoices, it shall issue a red-ink invoice after obtaining the valid certificate of the other party. " XIII. One article is added,As Article 27: "After issuing an electronic invoice, in case of sales return, billing error, suspension of taxable services, sales discount, etc., a red-ink invoice shall be issued in accordance with the regulations." Article 28 is amended as: "When issuing invoices, units and individuals shall fill in complete items and true contents. "Paper invoices should be filled out in the order of invoice numbers, with clear handwriting, all printed at one time, and the contents are exactly the same, and the invoice joint and deduction joint should be stamped with the special invoice seal." 15. One article is added as Article 29: "Inconsistency with the actual business situation mentioned in Article 21 of the Measures refers to one of the following acts:" (1) Issuing or obtaining invoices without buying or selling commodities, providing or receiving services or engaging in other business activities; "(2) buying or selling commodities, providing or accepting services, or engaging in other business activities, but the buyer, seller, commodity name, business items, amount, etc. specified in the invoices issued or obtained are not in conformity with the actual situation." 16. One article is added as Article 31: "Units and individuals providing services such as collecting and issuing invoices to clients shall be subject to the supervision of the tax authorities, and the maximum amount of invoice data stored shall comply with the provisions of the tax authorities." 17. One article is added as Article 32: "Where an electronic invoice information system is developed to provide tax-related services such as inquiry, download, storage and use of invoice data for others, it shall comply with the data standards and management regulations of the tax authorities and sign an agreement with the client.Do not use invoice data beyond the scope of authorization. 18. One article is added as Article 34: "Identity verification mentioned in Article 26 of the Measures means that when units and individuals collect, issue and issue invoices on their behalf, their handlers should pay taxes in their real names." 19. One article is added as Article 36: "The tax authorities may extract, transfer, consult and copy invoice data during invoice inspection." Twenty, Article 34 is changed to Article 39, which is amended as: "If the tax authorities punish acts that violate the laws and regulations on invoice management according to law, the tax authorities at or above the county level shall decide; If the fine is less than 2,000 yuan, it may be decided by the tax office. " 21. One article is added as Article 40: "Where other vouchers are used instead of invoices as stipulated in Item 6 of Article 33 of the Measures, it includes:" (1) invoices should be issued but invoices are not issued, and other vouchers are used instead of invoices; "(2) invoices should be obtained but not obtained, and other vouchers other than invoices or self-made vouchers should be used for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement; "(three) to obtain invoices that do not meet the requirements for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement. "If it constitutes evasion of tax payment, fraudulent export tax refund or false invoicing, it shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tax Collection and Management Law and the Measures." Twenty-two, Article 35 is changed to Article 41 and amended as: "The announcement mentioned in Article 38 of the Measures refers to,The tax authorities shall announce the illegality of taxpayers’ invoices in tax places or news media such as radio, television, newspapers, periodicals and the Internet. The contents of the announcement include: the name of the taxpayer, the unified social credit code or the taxpayer identification number, the place of business, and the specific circumstances of violating the invoice management regulations. 23. One article is added as Article 43: "The tax bureaus of cities under separate state planning shall do a good job in invoice management with reference to the responsibilities of the tax bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the Measures." Twenty-four, third, seventh, fourteenth and thirty-first in the "invoice" is amended as "paper invoice". Twenty-five, the name of the third chapter and fourteenth in the "purchase" is amended as "receiving". In addition, the order of articles and individual words are adjusted and modified accordingly. This decision shall come into force as of March 1, 2024. The Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall be revised accordingly and re-promulgated. Detailed rules for the implementation of the measures for the administration of invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC)(Promulgated by Order No.25 of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on February 14, 2011, the first amendment was made according to the Decision of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) on December 27, 2014, and the second amendment was made according to the Decision of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Amending the Rules of Some Tax Departments on June 15, 2018, and the State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on July 24, 2019 announced the cancellation of a batch of taxes. The Third Amendment of Certification Matters and Decision on Abolishing and Amending Some Rules and Normative Documents Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 These Rules are formulated in accordance with the provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Measures). Article 2 Invoices with uniform patterns throughout the country shall be determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Invoices with uniform patterns within provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be determined by the tax bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (hereinafter referred to as provincial tax bureaus). Article 3 The electronic invoice mentioned in Article 3 of the Measures refers to the receipt and payment vouchers issued and collected in the form of data messages in accordance with the provisions of the tax authorities on invoice management in the purchase and sale of commodities, provision or acceptance of services and other business activities. Electronic invoices and paper invoices have the same legal effect, and no unit or individual may refuse them. Article 4 The tax authorities shall build an electronic invoice service platform,Provide digital and other forms of electronic invoice issuance, delivery, inspection and other services for ticket users and individuals. Article 5 The tax authorities shall, in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations, establish and improve the invoice data security management system to ensure the invoice data security. Units and individuals shall carry out invoice data processing activities in accordance with the relevant provisions of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, undertake the obligation of invoice data security protection according to law, and shall not store invoice data in excess of the specified amount, and shall not use, illegally sell or illegally provide invoice data to others in violation of regulations. Article 6 The basic forms of paper invoices include stub forms, invoice forms and bookkeeping forms. The stub shall be kept by the payee or the drawer for future reference; The invoice is combined by the payer or the drawee as the original payment voucher; Bookkeeping is made by the payee or the drawer as the original voucher for bookkeeping. The tax authorities at or above the provincial level may, according to the management of paper invoices and the needs of taxpayers’ business operations, increase or decrease other invoices, and determine their uses. Article 7 The basic contents of an invoice include: invoice name, invoice code and number, serial number and purpose, customer name, bank and account number, commodity name or business item, unit of measurement, quantity, unit price, amount in words and figures, tax rate (collection rate), tax amount, drawer, date of invoicing, name (seal) of billing unit (individual), etc. The tax authorities at or above the provincial level may determine the specific contents of invoices according to the needs of economic activities and invoice management. Article 8 An invoice-receiving unit may request the tax authorities in writing to use the invoice with its name printed on it.The tax authorities shall, in accordance with the provisions of Article 15 of the Measures, confirm the types and quantities of invoices bearing the name of the entity. Chapter II Printing of Invoices Article 9 The tax authorities shall supervise and manage enterprises that print invoices according to the requirements of government procurement contracts and the management of anti-counterfeiting products for invoices. Article 10 The national unified anti-counterfeiting measures for paper invoices shall be determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, and the provincial tax bureau may add anti-counterfeiting measures for paper invoices in the local area according to needs, and file them with State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Special anti-counterfeiting products for paper invoices shall be kept in special warehouses according to regulations and shall not be lost. Defective products and waste products shall be destroyed centrally under the supervision of tax authorities. Article 11 The unified national invoice producer seal is the legal symbol for tax authorities to manage invoices, and its shape, specifications, content and printing color shall be stipulated by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Twelfth nationwide invoice replacement is determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China; The replacement of invoices within provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be determined by the Provincial Taxation Bureau. When the invoice is changed, it shall be announced. Article 13 The tax authorities that supervise the production of invoices shall, as required, issue a notice of printing invoices, and the printing enterprises must print them as required. The invoice printing notice shall specify the name of the enterprise that printed the invoice, the name of the unit that used the invoice, the name of the invoice, the invoice code, the type, the serial number, the specification, the printing color, the printing quantity, the starting and ending numbers, the delivery time and place, etc. Article 14 The finished products printed by an invoice printing enterprise shall be kept in a special warehouse after acceptance according to regulations, and shall not be lost. Waste products should be destroyed in time.Chapter III Collection of Invoices Article 15 The identity certificate of the agent mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the resident identity card, passport or other documents that can prove the identity of the agent. Article 16 The special seal for invoices mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the seal stamped by the units and individuals who receive invoices when they issue paper invoices with the words of their name, unified social credit code or taxpayer identification number and special seal for invoices. The style of special invoice seal is determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Article 17 The tax authorities shall keep the impression of the special seal for invoices provided by units and individuals who receive paper invoices for future reference. Article 18 The methods of requisition mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refer to the methods of batch supply, exchange of the old and bring in the new, inspection of the old and bring in the new, and determination of the quota. The tax authorities determine or adjust the type, quantity, amount and method of receiving invoices according to the tax risk degree, tax credit level and actual business situation of units and individuals. Article 19 The use of invoices mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the receipt and storage of invoices and related invoicing data. Twentieth "written proof" as mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refers to the relevant business contracts, agreements or other materials approved by the tax authorities. Article 21 The tax authorities shall sign an agreement with the units entrusted to issue invoices on their behalf, specifying the types, objects, contents and related responsibilities of issuing invoices on their behalf. Chapter iv issuance and storage of invoices article 22 under the special circumstances mentioned in article 18 of the measures, the payer shall issue invoices to the payee,Refers to the following situations: (1) when the acquisition unit and withholding agent pay personal money; (2) State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China believes that other invoices need to be issued by the payer to the payee. Twenty-third retail small commodities to consumers or provide sporadic services, whether it can be exempted from issuing invoices one by one, is determined by the provincial tax bureau. Twenty-fourth units and individuals who fill out invoices must issue invoices when business operations are confirmed. No invoices are allowed without business. Article 25 The amount stipulated in Article 19 of the Measures shall not be changed, including the unit price and quantity involved in the calculation of the amount. Article 26 After the paper invoice is issued, in case of sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, etc., if it is necessary to void the invoice, the original invoice shall be recovered and marked with the word "void" to void the invoice. If it is necessary to issue a red-ink invoice after issuing a paper invoice, such as sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, sales discount, etc., it shall withdraw all the original invoices and indicate the word "red-ink" before issuing a red-ink invoice. If all copies of the original invoice cannot be recovered, a red-ink invoice shall be issued after obtaining the valid certificate of the other party. Twenty-seventh after the issuance of electronic invoices, if sales are returned, invoicing is wrong, taxable services are suspended, sales are discounted, etc., red-ink invoices shall be issued in accordance with regulations. Article 28 When issuing invoices, units and individuals shall fill in complete items and true contents.Paper invoices shall be filled out in the order of invoice numbers, with clear handwriting, all printed in one copy, and the contents are completely consistent, and the invoice and deduction copies shall be stamped with the special invoice seal. Article 29 The term "inconsistent with the actual business situation" as mentioned in Article 21 of the Measures refers to one of the following acts: (1) Issuing or obtaining invoices without buying or selling goods, providing or receiving services or engaging in other business activities; (2) buying and selling commodities, providing or accepting services, and engaging in other business activities, but the buyer, seller, commodity name, business items, and amount specified in the invoices issued or obtained are inconsistent with the actual situation. Article 30 Invoices shall be issued in Chinese. National autonomous areas can use a national language commonly used in the local area at the same time. Article 31 Units and individuals providing services such as collecting and issuing invoices to clients shall be subject to the supervision of the tax authorities, and the maximum amount of invoice data stored shall comply with the provisions of the tax authorities. Article 32 Where an electronic invoice information system is developed to provide tax-related services such as query, download, storage and use of invoice data for others, it shall comply with the data standards and management regulations of the tax authorities, and sign an agreement with the client, and shall not use invoice data beyond the authorized scope. Thirty-third "measures" mentioned in article twenty-fifth of the provisions of the use of the region refers to the State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China and the provincial tax bureau of the region. Article 34 The term "identity verification" as mentioned in Article 26 of the Measures refers to that when units and individuals collect, issue and issue invoices on their behalf,The agent shall pay taxes in real name. Thirty-fifth units and individuals that use paper invoices shall properly keep the invoices. When the invoice is lost, it shall be reported to the tax authorities in writing on the day when the loss is found. Chapter V Inspection of Invoices Article 36 During the inspection of invoices, the tax authorities may extract, transfer, consult and copy the invoice data. Thirty-seventh "measures" mentioned in Article 31 of the invoice for the ticket is limited to use in the county (city). When it is necessary to transfer invoices from other counties (cities) for inspection, it shall be submitted to the tax authorities of the county (city) for receipt of invoices. Thirty-eighth units and individuals who use tickets have the right to apply to the tax authorities to identify the authenticity of invoices. The tax authorities that receive the application shall accept and be responsible for identifying the authenticity of the invoice; If it is difficult to identify, it may be submitted to the tax authorities under invoice supervision for assistance in identification. Invoices seized at the scene of forgery or alteration, as well as at the place of sale and storage, shall be identified by the local tax authorities. Chapter VI Penalties Article 39 If the tax authorities punish acts that violate the laws and regulations on invoice management according to law, it shall be decided by the tax authorities at or above the county level; A fine of less than 2000 yuan may be decided by the tax office. Article 40 The use of other vouchers instead of invoices as stipulated in Item 6 of Article 33 of the Measures includes: (1) invoices should be issued but invoices are not issued, and other vouchers are used instead of invoices; (2) The invoices should be obtained but not obtained, and other vouchers other than invoices or self-made vouchers are used for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement;(three) to obtain invoices that do not meet the requirements for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement. Those who evade paying taxes, defraud export tax rebates or falsely issue invoices shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tax Collection and Management Law and the Measures. Article 41 The term "announcement" as mentioned in Article 38 of the Measures means that the tax authorities shall announce the taxpayer’s illegal invoices in tax places or news media such as radio, television, newspapers, periodicals and the Internet. The contents of the announcement include: the name of the taxpayer, the unified social credit code or the taxpayer identification number, the place of business, and the specific circumstances of violating the invoice management regulations. Article 42 If a violation of the invoice management regulations is serious enough to constitute a crime, the tax authorities shall transfer it to judicial organs for handling according to law. Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions Article 43 The tax bureaus of cities under separate state planning shall do a good job in invoice management with reference to the responsibilities of the tax bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the Measures.

　　Comics/Yu Ningshan

　　Changsha Evening News All-Media Reporter Ryan Yang Correspondent Song Xi Yang Ling

　　When we entered the solar term in beginning of winter, the temperature dropped, and most citizens felt unwell. Some of them had symptoms such as sneezing, stuffy nose and itchy nose. The number of patients who went to the emergency department of the hospital to see "colds" suddenly increased, most of whom were children and the elderly.

　　Symptoms of itchy nose, sneezing and runny nose must be a cold? Zhang Junjie, director and chief physician of the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha First Hospital, said, not necessarily, sometimes it may be allergic rhinitis. According to statistics, the current prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis in China is 11%, and the total number of patients exceeds 150 million. Prevention is the key to allergic rhinitis that is difficult to heal.

　　The child’s "cold" is allergic rhinitis.

　　Zhang Junjie introduced that a child who came to see a "cold" was admitted to his clinic on Monday. As soon as she entered the consulting room, the child’s mother asked, "Doctor, my son Xuanxuan (pseudonym) has caught a cold in the last six months. Is he in poor health?" I took him to the community hospital. I have been taking cold medicine, but it has no effect. Why? " Hearing Xuanxuan’s mother’s words, Zhang Junjie had a little doubt. Is the child really catching a cold? Are there any other diseases? After detailed inquiry, it turns out that every time the child gets sick, he has a stuffy nose, sneezing, runny nose, and sometimes a little itchy nose. There is no headache, fever, cough and other related symptoms. The symptoms are obvious when he gets up in the morning and basically relieved at noon. Combined with allergy-related tests, children suffer from allergic rhinitis instead of a cold.

　　"The child is ten years old. Why didn’t he have allergies before?" Xuanxuan’s mother still has doubts. Zhang Junjie explained that the onset of allergic rhinitis is related to many factors, such as sunlight, cold and heat, climate change and changes in air humidity, which can all induce allergic rhinitis; Hyperneurosis and violent mood swings caused by various reasons can also induce allergic rhinitis.

　　"Xuan Xuan has a younger brother. Will allergic rhinitis be transmitted to his younger brother?" Xuanxuan mother asked. "Allergic rhinitis is not contagious and will not be transmitted to others, but allergic rhinitis is related to heredity." Zhang Junjie said that clinically, patients with allergic rhinitis often have obvious family history, and Xuanxuan’s younger brother may have allergic rhinitis in the future.

　　Most allergic rhinitis has no systemic symptoms.

　　Autumn and winter are the high season of allergies, especially when the weather turns cold, the temperature difference between morning and evening is large, the weather is dry, and the nasal cavity is easily affected by external irritants, leading to allergic rhinitis. Zhang Junjie introduced that allergic rhinitis is a disease in which allergic inflammation of nasal mucosa occurs after susceptible individuals are exposed to allergens. The main cause of the disease is that allergens enter the body. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, molds and domestic pets. If we don’t pay attention to it, allergic rhinitis will extend to the depths, further causing asthma, sinusitis, secretory otitis media and so on.

　　There is a difference between allergic rhinitis and cold. Common cold, commonly known as "cold", is mostly caused by virus infection, also known as acute rhinitis or acute upper respiratory tract infection. It is one of the most common infectious diseases of human beings, mostly occurring in winter and spring, with no allergic reaction, mostly sporadic, which can be prevalent in a small scale when the climate changes suddenly, and the symptoms are mostly sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose and so on. Some symptoms are similar to allergic rhinitis. However, most colds are accompanied by cough, dry throat, itchy throat, burning sensation, and even dripping sensation after nose. In severe cases, there are fever, mild chills and headache. A cold is contagious, mainly spread through the air by sneezing of patients and droplets containing viruses, or through contact with contaminated hands and utensils.

　　Most allergic rhinitis is not accompanied by systemic symptoms and is not contagious. According to the duration of the disease every year, it can be divided into perennial allergic rhinitis and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Perennial allergic rhinitis, the symptoms of which last for more than 9 months every year, are mostly caused by indoor allergens, such as dust mites or their feces; Seasonal allergic rhinitis begins every pollen spreading season, and the onset season is basically the same every year.

　　Allergic rhinitis is mostly related to genetic and environmental factors, mostly children and young adults, and there is no obvious difference in the incidence ratio between men and women. The typical symptoms are mainly sneezing and watery nasal discharge, followed by stuffy nose, itchy nose and itchy eyes. Some patients have a temporary sense of smell loss. The disease can also be complicated with bronchial asthma, allergic pharyngitis, allergic conjunctivitis and other diseases. If children often rub their eyes and nose, they should consider allergic factors.

　　There are also differences in treatment between the two. If you are diagnosed with a cold, you need to use antiviral and anti-infective drugs according to the symptoms, and pay attention to rest, strengthen nutrition and exercise; If it is allergic rhinitis, local or systemic use of antiallergic drugs can obviously change the symptoms.

　　Prevention is the key to allergic rhinitis that is difficult to heal.

　　"The most important thing about this disease is to avoid contact with allergens." Zhang Junjie said that if people are allergic to pollen, they should reduce going out and wear masks and glasses when going out; Those who are allergic to dust mites should keep the indoor environment clean and dry, ventilate in time, and clean sheets and quilts regularly to reduce dust mites; People who are allergic to animal dander can’t keep pets. When the symptoms are obvious, nasal or oral antiallergic drugs can be used according to the doctor’s advice, and immunotherapy can also be used. Patients who seriously affect their work and study can be treated by surgery.

　　In addition, we should avoid falling into the misunderstanding of allergic rhinitis in prevention and treatment. For example, some people think that only children will suffer from allergic rhinitis. In fact, people of any age may suffer from this disease. Treating allergic rhinitis as a cold by mistake will not only reduce the symptoms, but also delay the treatment cycle; When allergic rhinitis symptoms appear, some patients will use decongestants in large quantities to quickly relieve the symptoms of nasal congestion. In fact, this kind of drugs can improve the ventilation of nasal cavity in a short period of time when they are used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, and the clinical continuous use time is generally less than 7 days. Long-term continuous use is not only ineffective, but also may cause drug-induced rhinitis.

　　"Prevention is the key to allergic rhinitis that is difficult to heal." Zhang Junjie said that at present, there is no complete cure for the disease, and only drugs or surgery can improve symptoms or reduce the frequency of symptoms. There are many ways to treat allergic rhinitis, besides drug treatment, non-drug treatment such as external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, surgery and desensitization treatment can also be carried out. Prevention is the most important thing. In the prevention of allergic rhinitis, the most important thing is to stay away from allergens. Pay attention to the change of temperature and keep your nose warm when changing seasons; Wash the nasal cavity regularly to wash out the particles that may cause allergies and reduce allergic reactions; You can also prevent allergic rhinitis through non-drug therapy of traditional Chinese medicine such as acupoint application.