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Paper title:N–doped carbon anchored CoS2/MoS2 nanosheets as efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting(nitrogen doped CoS2/MoS2Nanoplates as efficient electrocatalysts for total water cracking)

Journals:Frontiers of Optoelectronics

Authors: xing Wei Zhou, Wei Zhang, Zun Hao Zhang, Zizhun Wang, Xu Zou, Dabing Li, Wei Tao Zheng.

Publication date: 15 Sep 2022

DOI：10.1007/s12200-022-00034-3

Wechat link:Click here to read the WeChat article.

First author: Zhou Xingwei

Correspondents: Zhang Wei, Zou Xu

Communication unit: Jilin University

Research background

Hydrogen energy is a clean, carbon-free, flexible and efficient secondary energy with various forms of utilization. Vigorously developing the hydrogen energy industry and accelerating the clean transformation of energy structure are the ideal ways to achieve the "double carbon goal". Using renewable energy power supply system coupled with electrolytic water technology to produce decarbonized "green hydrogen" is the strategic direction of hydrogen energy industry development in the future. Electrolytic water reaction is a high energy consumption process, which is not easy to occur in thermodynamics and kinetics. The key to improve the overall efficiency of electrolytic water reaction lies in the research and development of efficient catalytic materials.

Introduction to the article

In recent years, a large number of catalytic materials without noble metals have been widely studied, but these materials only show good electrocatalytic activity in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) or oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and there are few studies on bifunctional electrocatalysts that are effective for both HER and OER.

Recently, Zhou Xingwei, a research team of Professor Zheng Weitao of Jilin University, and others prepared a nitrogen-doped CoS on carbon fiber cloth (CC) by hydrothermal-annealing-hydrothermal method.2And MoS2Nanoplate-coupled bifunctional electrocatalyst (MOS/COS/CC), the prepared MOS/COS/CC catalyst has rich active sites and stable structure, and shows excellent HER and OER performance in alkaline electrolyte. Related work toN–doped carbon anchored CoS2/MoS2 nanosheets as efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting The title was published on July 18, 2022.Frontiers of Optoelectronics In the journal.

Graphic reading guide

Innovation 1: Simple hydrothermal-annealing-hydrothermal method to prepare different MoS.2Content of MOS/COS/CC catalyst

Growth of nitrogen-doped CoS on carbon fiber cloth by hydrothermal-annealing-hydrothermal method.2/MoS2The schematic diagram of the synthesis process of nanosheet catalytic materials is shown in Figure 1, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photos of MOS/COS/CC at different synthesis times are shown in Figure 2. By controlling the hydrothermal reaction time in the second step, MoS with different scales can be obtained.2With CoS2Composite catalytic materials. MoS2Growth time significantly affects the surface area of the catalyst (Figure 2). With the increase of hydrothermal time, MoS deposited on the substrate2The number of nanosheets increased gradually, and cracks appeared on the catalyst surface when the deposition time was too long.

Fig. 1 synthesis diagram of mos/cos/cc

Fig. 2 SEM photos of MOS/COS/CC at different synthesis times: (a,e)2h,(b,f)4h,(c,g)6h,(d,h)8h.

X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of MoS/COS/CC proves MOS.2With CoS2Generation of, in which MoS2It is a hexagonal 2H phase (Figure 3). The 0.65 nm crystal plane spacing corresponds to hexagonal MoS in high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) photos.2 (002) crystal plane, 0.245 nm corresponds to CoS.2 (210) crystal plane, which confirmed the CoS.2/MoS2The existence of heterostructure. TEM-EDX photos show that Mo, S, Co and N are uniformly distributed in MOS/COS/CC (Figure 4).

Fig. 3 XRD spectrum of mos/cos/cc

Figs. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are TEM photos and HRTEM photos of MOS/COS/CC, and (c) and (d) are elemental distribution maps of MOS/COS/CC.

Innovation 2: MOS/COS/CC catalyst shows excellent HER and OER performance.

The comparison of HER and OER performance of MOS/COS/CC catalyst with commercial catalyst is shown in fig. 5. We compared different MoS in 1.0 mol/L KOH solution.2Growth time of MOS/COS/CC catalyst and commercial RuO2OER performance of catalyst. The linear voltammetric scanning curve (LSV) shows that MOS/COS/CC-6H shows the lowest overpotential (197 mV), which is lower than that of commercial RuO.2Catalyst. In addition, the MOS/COS/CC-6H catalyst has the lowest Tafel slope (64 mV dec-1), which indicates that the material has fast reaction kinetics, which is beneficial to the catalytic reaction. In addition, we compared different MoS in 1.0 mol/L KOH.2HER performance of MOS/COS/CC catalyst with growth time and commercial Pt/C catalyst. It is not difficult to find that MOS/COS/CC-6H also shows excellent HER performance. MOS/COS/CC-6H also has advantages over commercial RuO.2The stability of. The excellent catalytic activity and stability of MoS/COS/CC-6H benefit from MOS.2With CoS2The multi-stage structure of the material exposes more catalytic active sites, and the three-dimensional self-supporting structure grown in situ on CC shows excellent structural stability.

Fig. 5 different MoS2Growth time of MOS/COS/CC catalyst and commercial RuO2And the results of OER and HER performance tests of Pt/C catalyst: (a) linear voltammogram of oer test, (b) Tafel curve of oer test, (c) linear voltammogram of her, (d) Tafel curve of her test and (e) stability test results.

Summary and outlook

We developed a simple and effective method to construct heterostructure, and the prepared MOS/COS/CC catalyst showed excellent OER and HER activity in alkaline solution. Its excellent performance is attributed to rich active sites and stable morphology and structure. The synthesis method proposed by us provides an effective strategy for developing multi-level structure nanocomposites.

Introduction of communication author

Zhang WeiDirector of Electron Microscope Center of Jilin University, Tang Aoqing scholar-leading professor and doctoral supervisor. He is also the vice chairman of the Surface and Interface Physics Association of the Chinese Physical Society and the Jilin Electron Microscope Society. In 2004, he received a Ph.D. degree from China Institute of Metals, and successively engaged in scientific research in Japanese Institute of Materials, Samsung Institute of Comprehensive Technology, Fritz-Haber Institute of Germany, and data transfer unit and Spanish Energy Cooperation Research Center. He is in charge of general projects of NSFC, sub-projects of key projects and international cooperation projects of Jilin Science and Technology Department. His main research interests are surface/interface chemistry of catalysis and energy materials and electron microscopic analysis of advanced materials.

Zou Xu, Ph.D. graduated from College of Chemistry, Jilin University, under the supervision of Professor Li Guodong. In 2020, he was selected into the "Ding Xin Scholar" support program of Jilin University to carry out postdoctoral work, and his tutor was Professor Zheng Weitao. Up to now, the first (including one)/correspondent has published 8 research papers in Adv. Mater., J. Energy Chem, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Adv. Energy Mater. and other important academic journals. Among them, Adv. Mater was cited for more than 340 times and was selected as the "highly cited paper" of ESI. In addition, we applied for two invention patents in China. He presided over 3 scientific research projects, such as youth projects and doctoral programs (first-class).

abstract

The oriented two-dimensional porous nitrogen-doped carbon embedded with CoS2 and MoS2 nanosheets is a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst. The hierarchical structure ensures fast mass transfer capacity in improving the electroc atalytic activity. And the greatly increased specific surface area is beneficial to expose more electrocatalytically active atoms. For oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) tests in 1 mol/L KOH solution, only 194 and 140 mV overpotential are required to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2, respectively. Our research provides an effective strategy for synergizing the individual components in nanostructures for a wide range of electrocatalytic reactions.

Brief introduction of periodicals

Frontiers of Optoelectronics (FOE) is one of the English academic periodicals of Frontiers series, which is published by the Ministry of Education, Higher Education Press, and published overseas by Springer Publishing Company. Gong Qihuang from Peking University and Professor Zhang Xinliang from Huazhong University of Science and Technology are co-editors.

Its purpose is to introduce the latest research results and frontier progress in the international optoelectronics field, and strive to become an important information platform for researchers in this field to conduct rapid academic exchanges with their counterparts at home and abroad. The journal is co-sponsored by Higher Education Press, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and chinese optical society, and the organizer is Wuhan Optoelectronic National Research Center. FOE periodicals have been collected by Emerging Sources Citation Index (Esci), EI Compendex, Scopus, Inspec, Google Scholar, CsA, Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD), OCLC, Scimago, Summer by Proquest, etc. In 2019, it was selected as the echelon periodical project of China Science and Technology Journals Excellence Action Plan.

Frontier series of English academic journals

Frontiers, a series of English academic journals sponsored by the Ministry of Education and Higher Education Press, was officially founded in 2006 and distributed to the whole world in online and print editions. The series of periodicals includes four topics: basic science, life science, engineering technology and humanities and social sciences. It is the most extensive English academic periodical group in China, of which 13 are included by SCI, and others are also included by A&HCI, Ei, MEDLINE or international authoritative retrieval systems of corresponding disciplines, which has certain international academic influence. The series of periodicals adopt online priority publishing method to ensure that articles are published at the fastest speed.

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Catering enterprises build the ultimate supply chain, and everything starts from the scene and demand.

　　Food enterprises and supply chain are inseparable, and win-win cooperation between front-end and back-end is the only way for the future catering industry.

　　This article is a record of the round-table forum at the "2024 China Catering Industry Summit", which was reorganized and released by Red Dining Network.

　　With the catering gradually entering the stage of "ten thousand stores chain", more and more catering enterprises begin to pay attention to the ecological construction of the whole industry, and constantly improve the whole closed loop from the origin of raw materials, factories, warehousing and logistics to store operation.

　　For the catering industry entering the era of low profit, opening up the whole industrial chain means reducing costs and increasing efficiency, which can further enhance the stability of enterprise development and help enterprises enhance their ability to resist risks.

　　Under the new trend of the industry, how can head catering enterprises and supply chain enterprises develop together better?

　　At the "2024 China Catering Industry Summit", Zhao Min, founder of Mufeng Supply Chain, Liu Zheng, president of Ziguangyuan Group, Chai Lei, founder of Liangquan Qimei Group, Yan Dongsheng, inheritor of Chongqing Hot Pot by Pei Jie, li ke, co-founder of Baipin Sunlight Tomato, Zhang Li, founder of Lisike Barbecue Supply Chain, and Wu Huiling, industrial investment partner of Wuyi Qi, conducted in-depth discussions on "the coordinated development of catering chain brands and supply chain enterprises".

　　01. Chain stores are locked together, and the supply chain is an important link.

　　Zhao Min: In the past two years, we have seen more and more catering enterprises extend to the upstream end of the industry and build a whole industrial chain. New tea will build a fruit raw material planting base, fast food enterprises will buy meat and poultry processing plants, hot pot enterprises will increase bottom materials, and compound seasoning production lines … In 2024, I am afraid that the bets of chain restaurant enterprises on the supply chain will increase.

　　Although all of you here come from different segments, you also have an understanding of the catering supply chain, so I would like to ask you first, how do you view the catering enterprises accelerating upstream? What impact will this bring to the whole catering ecology?

　　Li ke: Good morning, everyone. I’m li ke from Baipin Solar Tomatoes. We specialize in various seasoning products of tomato series. We are a supply chain enterprise, with deep links with food enterprises.

△ li ke, co-founder of Baipin Solar Tomato

　　At the beginning, the relationship between catering enterprises and supply chain enterprises was only a simple supply relationship. Now catering enterprises have more customized needs, so they will go upstream to create products with us.

　　At the end of last year, we jointly created a "golden tomato pot" with Zhu Guangyu, and the two sides set up a joint team to do it together, which is equivalent to you and me. This is a case that I have a deep experience.

　　I think the most important thing for food enterprises and supply chains is to do their own quality well and make their own characteristics. For Baipin, we just do 16 words-"Be awed, keep loving, take the initiative to evolve and achieve the ultimate".

　　Chai Lei: Quanqimei was founded 20 years ago. At first, it was an accidental opportunity. We found the onion-grabbed cake in Taiwan’s night market. We took this product back to the mainland and renamed it "Taiwan Province finger-grabbed cake". Later, it was directly called finger-grabbed cake.

　　In the past 20 years, we have been iterating over the business model, from roadside shops to fast-moving consumer goods. I think there is no difference in size between products. The most important thing is to study it thoroughly and thoroughly.

　　We started as a small restaurant. When there are more and more chain stores, the whole chain system is very weak because of the lack of supply chain support. Supply chain is very important to "lock" large-scale chain stores together.

△ Chai Lei, founder of Liangquan Qimei Group

　　The development of upstream supply chain depends more on the needs of enterprise development stage, scale and product differentiation. If we want to make differentiated products, the supply chain must be built by itself. When the scale is relatively large, or the products are relatively homogeneous, I personally think it is better to cooperate with supply chain enterprises. There is a division of labor between the society and the market, and it is impossible to do it all by ourselves and control the competitiveness of core products.

　　Catering enterprises cooperate with the upstream supply chain, so that the whole industry will be relatively more professional at different stages, and the pressure will not be too great. Just like hot pot restaurant enterprises, in terms of product structure, there are many ingredients besides seasonings, so they have to rely on cooperation. Moreover, producing hot pot bottom materials by themselves is not necessarily better than deep cooperation with partners in research and development, and it has advantages in cost or organizational ability.

　　Food enterprises are inseparable from the supply chain. From the perspective of entrepreneurs, we should stick to our own focus and make it more professional. When you do one thing well and others lack this section, they will come to you.

　　02. Win-win cooperation between front-end and back-end is the only way for future catering.

　　Liu Zheng: Ziguangyuan is an old brand. At present, there are 180 direct stores, all of which are in Beijing. The layout of Ziguang Garden in recent years is summarized as "three transformations and five horses".

　　The first of the "three modernizations" is the retail of catering. Ziguangyuan has done convenience, people’s livelihood and retail in recent years. Second, the channels are diversified. The gene of Ziguangyuan is to be a big store, and it is to be a direct restaurant. However, in the past four years, we have launched "one store and six shops". The third is product enrichment or online and offline integration. When you go out, you will eat Ziguang Garden for generations. We hope Ziguang Garden can reach every diners who come to Beijing.

△ Liu Zheng, President of Ziguangyuan Group

　　"Five Horses", first of all, the main brand Ziguangyuan is a horse; The second horse is the e-commerce channel of Ziguangyuan, and it is delivered home; The third horse is To B business; The fourth horse is the To C retail business of the mall; The fifth horse is the group meal business of Internet companies. Because of this layout, Ziguangyuan began to integrate and build its own supply chain. Last year, it invested 120 million yuan to build a strong back-end, which changed from fixed production by sales to fixed sales by production.

　　Front-end and back-end cooperation and win-win, I think it is the only way for future catering. Ziguangyuan will revolutionize people’s catering to the end, and hope that the source and upstream enterprises of the supply chain will communicate and cooperate with us more.

　　Yan Dongsheng: Pei Jie Hotpot was founded 10 years ago, and has traveled from Chongqing to Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Beijing, Hangzhou and other cities, making Chongqing Hotpot the first in the national direct sales scale. We went from small stores to big stores and then to many stores. In order to ensure better quality and lower cost, we also built factories in the upstream, but now we stop going upstream and focus more on opening stores in the front end.

　　Sister Pei is now cooperating with Sichuan Lahai, which has a large volume, guaranteed quality and low cost.

　　I also agree with Chai Lei’s general view that there are specialties in the industry, and the product quality of many supply chain enterprises is completely up to standard. We also have small factories, but with the increasing volume, we mainly cooperate with supply chain enterprises now.

△ Image source: Pei Jie Chongqing hotpot

　　Zhang Li: My supply chain enterprise is Lisike. I used to run a restaurant ice city string. What everyone said just now is very reasonable. The end of the world is joining, the end of catering is retail, and the end of chain is supply chain. The future competition is not the competition between brands, but the competition between supply chain and supply chain.

　　The supply chain behind each category will probably lag behind the development of this category for 3-5 years. At present, the barbecue supply chain is still a blue ocean. In some areas, there are still categories without brands, strong brands and large national chain brands, but there will be in the future, because barbecue is the second largest category of catering in China. So I firmly chose to be a supply chain 10 years ago, and now I have three factories serving many big brands.

△ Image source: Liske official website

　　I think the whole restaurant chain business has a long chain from the field to the dining table. The front-end system is the brand end, the brand is operated and the brand is marketed, and the back-end is supported by the supply chain. The supply chain is an important force behind the brand, which covers the conversion of various information such as purchasing, warehousing, distribution and production. Therefore, the future cross-regional development and transnational development must require a strong supply chain system, and Lisike is a manufacturing supply chain.

　　Wu Huiling: Wuyiqi Industrial Investment is an accelerator that focuses on "eating" capital, and light catering and specialty foods. In recent years, we have invested in more than 50 brands such as Qianweiyang Kitchen, Enxi Village, Qianwei Soup, Momoko, Shuyi Xiancao, Xiaolongkan, Shu Daxia and Jixiangju, most of which are leading enterprises in sub-sectors.

△ Wu Huiling, industrial investment partner of Wu Yi.

　　In the long-term observation, research and practice, we have summarized nine core elements of catering franchise chain, including product mix, single-store model, franchise system, brand potential, channel intensive cultivation, digital growth, capital resources, supply chain, organizational talents, etc. Among them, supply chain is a very important element. Only by realizing the closed-loop system from raw material origin, processing factory, warehousing and logistics to store operation can we ensure the stability of product supply, cost control and realization.

　　This is also the reason why many chain catering enterprises pay more and more attention to the ecological construction of industrial chain. Of course, the way of construction is diversified, and different restaurant chain brands need different supply chain capabilities at different stages. In the chain operation, brands with more than 100 stores can’t be locked without a supply chain.

　　Therefore, it is an inevitable stage, or an inevitable trend, to build a supply chain in the chain of catering enterprises. I hope that food enterprises and supply chain enterprises can foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and achieve win-win integration.

　　03. Realize the closed loop of industrial chain from raw materials, varieties, quality control and innovation.

　　Zhao Min: Mr. Li, how is your upstream supply chain built? How to achieve a closed loop in ingredients, quality control, and the entire industrial chain?

　　Li ke: We are an enterprise that makes tomato seasoning. Ten years ago, tomato was still a relatively small flavor, but it has a strong consumption base in China, and people of all ages like it. From the perspective of the whole world, Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries use tomato flavor more than we do. So we made this taste, and when we did it, there were also great challenges. We mainly did three things well.

　　The first thing is to find high-quality tomato producing areas and tomato raw materials. Good ingredients or products must have good raw materials. The tomatoes used in our tomato soup base are not quite the same as the tomatoes we eat every day. The world’s three major tomato producing areas, California in the United States, the Mediterranean coast and Xinjiang in China, China happens to be one of them, so we have chosen good raw materials. Many people ask, Xinjiang is so far away, can we transport tomatoes back well? It took us nearly five years to get through the processing technology.

　　The second thing is to choose varieties. There are 1078 varieties of tomatoes recorded in China, and now there are 5 varieties in our bottom material. To tell the truth, the products of Baipin Nikko in the first three years failed to meet my highest requirements, and now they are the fifth generation products. We upgrade them every year, constantly test them and make changes in varieties.

　　The third thing is to do a good job of quality control. In the face of tomato, a popular agricultural product, it is more important to look at a series of indicators from seedling raising and sowing to pesticide residues in the whole raw material. We have 79 internal control standards to ensure the stability of tomato.

　　Finally, there is continuous innovation. In the future, we may introduce tomato varieties from Spain, Italy or the United States. In addition to red tomatoes, there are yellow, purple and black tomatoes, which will continue to empower diners.

　　In the field of tomatoes, our scale is not necessarily the largest, but we love tomatoes very much, and we will do this for the next 10, 20 or even our whole life.

　　Zhao Min: Barbecue is a big track in the catering industry. The market scale has exceeded 220 billion yuan, but there is still no head brand with more than 1,000 stores. What do you think is the reason for this situation? From the experience of Lisike, what are the difficulties in the supply chain of barbecue category compared with other categories?

　　Zhang Li: Actually, the brand of thousands of stores will see this year, and now there are brands that have exceeded 800 stores.

　　I think the fulcrum of every enterprise is the product. For Lisike, others couldn’t solve my problem at that time, so I chose to build my own factory and shifted my focus from front-end stores to back-end supply chain. This is the change of our enterprise and the whole catering industry.

　　There are many difficult things, including production, management and research and development. It took us 10 years to know how to operate the factory, how to manage quality control, how to do research and development around customer needs, how to ensure supply, and how to make the customers and brands we serve safer and more reliable.

△ Zhang Li, founder of Lisike barbecue supply chain

　　In recent years, I have found that the founders of barbecue brands with less than three stores and more than three stores think completely differently. Brands with more than three stores are eager to break through the supply chain, and within three stores, they are still iterating from 0 to 1, from no cognition to cognition.

　　Lisike has two types of customers, "barbecue+"and "+barbecue". The standardization of barbecue is particularly high, and the supply chain is relatively concentrated. The animal protein ingredients such as pigs, chickens, cows and sheep that we are making now are very suitable in various stores or various formats. We have also worked out how to achieve extremely high standardization and turn store products into standardized products that can be produced in factories, thus solving the problems of bakers, standards and continuous supply.

　　04. To build the ultimate supply chain, all around the scene and demand.

　　Zhao Min: The competition in the catering industry is very fierce, and it has entered the era of meager profit. Under this situation, everyone is trying to create the ultimate efficiency and experience. How do they work hard on the two "extremes" in the development process of grasping cakes?

　　Chai Lei: Although we are just making a cake, it is still very difficult. The difficulty is that the demand is constantly changing.

　　Our current stores are basically overseas, and the supply side is more complicated. What we considered before was how to build a supply chain in China to serve small restaurants. At that time, the process was reformed to reduce manufacturing costs and improve efficiency, and the store side tried to maximize the menu structure. However, the factory solved the problem of cost and efficiency, but the consumer didn’t pay the bill. He felt that your product was too single, which made it difficult for a store to survive.

△ Image source: The food is all beautiful in official website

　　Then, catering enterprises whose products are supplied to different channels and services will also bring greater challenges. At present, we supply cakes used by many catering enterprises. How can we cooperate with these catering enterprises in the supply chain? At this time, we should not only consider one product, but also consider how to serve cakes quickly in the store and how to combine them with the core products of the store. This also involves different catering segments, and the needs of customers are also diversified.

　　Online, different channels, such as Tik Tok, JD.COM, Pinduoduo, Tmall, etc., have different ways of playing, and the domestic channels are different from overseas.

　　As for whether to reform the process at the factory end, the dynamic line of the store, the production of equipment, the semi-prefabrication, or a formula of the product itself, we need to do detailed research. For example, we supply our own chain stores, which are different from those that supply hot pot and supermarkets. In short, everything revolves around the scene and demand.

　　Zhao Min: At present, the three elements of "people and goods yard" in catering business have all changed, and consumers are more concerned about cost performance. franchise chain, take-out and e-commerce retail channels have become new growth points. In the face of these changes, what is the new planning and layout of Ziguang Garden?

　　Liu Zheng: Shopping malls are like battlefields. Next, Ziguang Garden should unify its thinking and build organizational strength in strategic direction, strategic deployment and strategic objectives. Then the battle started. At present, Ziguangyuan has started 12 major battles; Then play tactics-one shop and six shops; This is the supply chain.

△ Image source: Ziguangyuan official blog

　　In 2024, Ziguangyuan will be "fully armed" and put into the catering "battlefield". In the future, a series of battles will be fought around eight words:

　　The first is sincerity, and sincerity is always your best card. From source procurement to processing, have we cooperated with the supply chain in good faith? We should use a sincere heart to achieve common and sustainable development.

　　The second is conscience, which should create value for partners and customers and make food with conscience.

　　The third is trust, so that consumers can trust you and bring warmth to their hearts. Some time ago, two hot searches, "Ziguang Garden is the restaurant with the heaviest sense of’ human kindness’ in Beijing" and "Beijing cuisine depends on a bowl of yogurt", showed customers’ trust in the depth of Ziguang Garden, which was a praise for the fireworks and human feelings created by Ziguang Garden, and fireworks were also the value created by Ziguang Garden for customers.

　　The last two words are peace of mind, down-to-earth, and making a brand of trust with conscience, so that customers can feel at ease and the brand can last for a long time.

　　05. Five modes of coordinated development of catering enterprises and supply chain

　　Zhao Min: At the beginning of March, Sister Pei announced the opening of franchise, and insisted on direct management. Sister Pei had previously let go of franchise, so for what reason did Yan always choose to let go of franchise again? What measures will Pei Jie take to ensure the stability of the store’s products?

　　Yan Dongsheng: Pei Jie’s Chongqing hot pot has traveled from Chongqing to Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hangzhou and other cities in the past ten years. She has been deeply involved in direct sales, and there are more than 30 direct sales stores. The performance is very good in the industry. We make authentic Chongqing hot pot and operate quality.

△ Pei Jie Chongqing hot pot inheritor Yan Dongsheng

　　We once let go of joining, but we didn’t control people and supply chain and couldn’t meet the quality requirements, so we suspended it. With the deep cultivation of direct stores for so many years, we have gradually improved the management system, operation system and quality control system, and we also want to expand rapidly, hoping to find partners with real estate resources to open stores together.

　　Franchising now is different from before, and each store is directly managed by Pei Jie’s headquarters, so as to ensure the quality and make authentic Chongqing hot pot.

　　We let go of joining in order to find more resources. Everyone empowers each other, and the brand’s initial heart and genes have not changed.

　　Zhao Min: From the perspective of management, what trends do you think may appear in the future in promoting the deep cooperation between restaurant chain brands and supply chain enterprises? What aspects will you pay special attention to when investing in the catering supply chain?

　　Wu Huiling: From our long-term observation, there are five modes for the coordinated development of catering enterprises and supply chains.

　　The first type is called completely self-built and self-harvested. If it is completely self-built, from the field to the dining table, it may be unbearable for the general chain enterprises, and the investment is too heavy, so it is not particularly suitable.

　　The second mode is complete outsourcing. For example, a chain catering enterprise with 30-50 stores may choose a supplier similar to Shuhai to outsource, which may be a more cost-effective mode.

　　The third type is nested with each other. Core categories are self-built supply chains, such as central kitchens or factories, and others are imported. Self-built factories not only meet their own supply, but also open to other enterprises and nest with each other, which may be the mainstream way in the future.

　　The fourth is the scene specialization mode, which is specialized in a certain category of supply chain, such as group meals, country banquets, barbecues and hot pots. For example, there are many hot pot chain brands in Sichuan that share a supply chain factory. Scene specialization mode is also an important direction in the future.

　　The fifth is close cooperation, but it does not involve equity cooperation, such as OEM mode (a mode of OEM production), or customized cooperation that is very popular now.

　　What kind of mode an enterprise uses and suits itself depends on its resources, development stage, and the balance of scale, cost and efficiency.

　　From the perspective of investment, we will pay attention to the "three products" when choosing the target. The first is the category, and the ceiling of the category should be high enough. The second is quality. It is best for this enterprise to be a head enterprise in a subdivided field or have the genes to become a head enterprise. The third is character, that is, an entrepreneur must be a person with conscience, industrial structure, concentration and sharing.

　　Specific to catering supply chain enterprises, we will also pay attention to whether enterprises have really solved some pain points in the industry value chain. Is the product addictive or the service dependent? Does it have the characteristics of super supply chain such as high cost performance or high turnover efficiency, etc.

(Note: This article belongs to the catering industry information published by Yangguang. com. The content of this article does not represent the views of this website, and it is for reference only. )

Announcement of the General Administration of Market Supervision on Public Solicitation of Opinions on the Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (Draft for Comment)

　　In order to further improve the anti-monopoly legal system and improve the quality and efficiency of centralized anti-monopoly examination of operators, the General Administration of Market Supervision revised the Interim Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators, and formed the Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (Draft for Comment), which is now open to the public for comments. The public can put forward their opinions through the following channels and ways:

　　First, by logging on to the official website of the State Administration of Market Supervision (website: http://www.samr.gov.cn), put forward opinions in the "Solicitation Survey" in the "Interaction" column on the home page.

　　2. Send it to jyzjz@samr.gov.cn by e-mail. The subject of the email should be marked with the words "Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators for Public Solicitation of Opinions".

　　3. Send it by letter to No.8 Sanlihe East Road, Xicheng District, Beijing (Postal code: 100820). Please indicate on the envelope the words "Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators for Public Solicitation of Opinions".

　　The deadline for feedback is July 27, 2022.

　　Annex: 1. Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (Draft for Comment)

　　2. Explanation on the Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (Draft for Comment)

　　General administration of market supervision

　　June 27, 2022

　　Provisions on centralized examination of operators

　　(Draft for Comment)

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 These Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Anti-monopoly Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Anti-monopoly Law) and the Provisions of the State Council on the Criteria for Centralized Declaration of Operators, in order to standardize the anti-monopoly examination of business operators.

　　Article 2 The State Administration of Market Supervision (hereinafter referred to as the General Administration of Market Supervision) is responsible for the centralized anti-monopoly review of business operators, and centralized investigation and handling of business operators who violate the law.

　　According to the needs of the work, the General Administration of Market Supervision may entrust the market supervision departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government to carry out centralized examination of operators.

　　Article 3 Concentration of business operators as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the following situations as stipulated in Article 25 of the Anti-monopoly Law:

　　(1) merger of operators;

　　(2) An operator obtains control over other operators by acquiring equity or assets;

　　(3) An operator obtains control over other operators by means of contracts or can exert decisive influence on other operators.

　　Article 4 To determine that an operator has control over other operators or can exert decisive influence on other operators, it shall take into account the fact that the operator directly or indirectly holds voting rights or similar rights and interests of other operators, as well as the influence on the appointment and removal of senior management personnel, financial budget, business plan and other business decisions and management of other operators.

　　To judge whether an operator obtains control over other operators or can exert decisive influence on other operators through transactions, the following factors shall be considered:

　　(a) the purpose of the transaction and future plans;

　　(2) The ownership structure of other operators before and after the transaction and its changes;

　　(3) Voting matters and voting mechanism of other operators’ shareholders’ meetings and other power institutions, as well as their historical attendance rate and voting situation;

　　(4) The composition of decision-making or executive bodies such as the board of directors of other operators and their voting mechanisms;

　　(five) the appointment and removal of senior management personnel of other operators;

　　(six) the relationship between the shareholders and directors of other operators, whether there are entrusted voting rights, concerted action, etc.;

　　(seven) whether there is a major business relationship or cooperation agreement between the operator and other operators;

　　(8) Other factors that should be considered.

　　If two or more operators have control over other operators or can exert decisive influence on other operators, it constitutes joint control over other operators.

　　Article 5 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall treat all operators equally when conducting centralized anti-monopoly review and investigation of operators.

　　Article 6 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall improve the centralized classification and grading examination system for business operators.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision may formulate specific examination measures for the concentration of operators in important fields such as the national economy and people’s livelihood.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision regularly evaluates the implementation effect of the centralized review system for operators, so as to improve the quality and efficiency of the review.

　　Chapter II Centralized Declaration by Operators

　　Article 7 Where the concentration of business operators meets the reporting standards stipulated by the State Council (hereinafter referred to as the reporting standards), the business operators shall report to the General Administration of Market Supervision in advance, and the concentration shall not be implemented without reporting or obtaining approval after reporting.

　　Where the concentration of business operators fails to meet the reporting standards, but there is evidence that the concentration of business operators has or may have the effect of eliminating or restricting competition, the General Administration of Market Supervision may require the business operators to declare and notify the business operators in writing. Where concentration has been implemented, the General Administration of Market Supervision may require the operator to make up the report within 180 days.

　　For the concentration of business operators mentioned in the preceding paragraph, business operators shall submit documents and materials to the General Administration of Market Supervision in accordance with Article 14 of these Provisions. If the concentration has not been implemented, the operator shall not implement the concentration without reporting or obtaining approval after reporting; Where concentration has been implemented, the General Administration of Market Supervision may require operators to stop implementing concentration or take other necessary measures.

　　Article 8 Turnover includes the income obtained by relevant operators from selling products and providing services in the previous fiscal year, after deducting relevant taxes and surcharges.

　　The "previous fiscal year" mentioned in the preceding paragraph refers to the fiscal year preceding the signing date of the centralized agreement.

　　Article 9 Operators participating in concentration as mentioned in these Provisions refer to the following operators:

　　(1) Where operators are merged, the parties to the merger are the operators participating in the concentration.

　　(2) If an operator obtains independent control over other operators, or changes from joint control to independent control over other operators, the operator and other operators who have obtained independent control shall be the operators participating in the concentration.

　　(3) An operator obtains joint control over other operators, and all operators and other operators who jointly control the other operators after the transaction are all operators participating in the concentration. However, other operators were originally controlled by a single operator. After the transaction, this operator changed from separate control to joint control over other operators. After the transaction, all operators who jointly control other operators are operators who participate in concentration, and other operators are not operators who participate in concentration.

　　(4) Where the operators establish a new joint venture, the operators who jointly control the new joint venture are the operators who participate in the concentration, and the new joint venture is not the operators who participate in the concentration.

　　(5) If an operator can exert decisive influence on other operators, the operator and other operators shall be the operators participating in the concentration.

　　Article 10 The turnover of an operator participating in concentration shall be the sum of the turnover of the operator and all operators who have direct or indirect control relations with the operator at the time of reporting, but excluding the turnover among the above operators.

　　When an operator acquires a component of another operator, if the transferor no longer has control over the component or cannot exert decisive influence, the turnover of the target operator only includes the turnover of the component.

　　When there are other operators under common control between the operators participating in the concentration or between the operators participating in the concentration and the operators not participating in the concentration, the turnover of the operators participating in the concentration shall include the turnover between the operators under common control and the third-party operators, and this turnover shall be calculated only once.

　　The calculation of the turnover of financial operators shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions on the calculation of the turnover of centralized declaration by financial operators.

　　Article 11 The concentration of operators who fail to meet the reporting standards for many times within two years between the same operators shall be regarded as a concentration, and the concentration time shall be counted from the last transaction, and the turnover of the operators participating in the concentration shall be calculated by combining multiple transactions. Operators who carry out the above-mentioned acts through other operators who have control relations with them shall be dealt with in accordance with these provisions.

　　The term "two years" as mentioned in the preceding paragraph refers to the period from the date of completion of the first transaction to the date of signing the agreement for the last transaction.

　　Article 12 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall strengthen the guidance on centralized declaration of business operators. Before the formal declaration, the business operator may put forward specific issues for discussion to the General Administration of Market Supervision in writing on the centralized declaration.

　　Article 13 Concentration of business operators through merger, and all parties to the merger are reporting obligors; Under other circumstances, the operator who is concentrated, obtains control or can exert decisive influence is the declaration obligor, and other operators shall cooperate.

　　If there are more than one declaration obligor in the same business operator, one declaration obligor may be entrusted to declare. If the entrusted declaration obligor fails to declare, other declaration obligors cannot be exempted from the declaration obligation. If the declaration obligor fails to declare, other operators involved in concentration may file a declaration.

　　The declarant may declare by himself or entrust others to declare on his behalf according to law.

　　Article 14 The application documents and materials shall include the following contents:

　　(1) a declaration. The declaration shall specify the name, domicile (place of business), business scope and scheduled date of concentration of the business operators participating in the concentration, and attach the applicant’s identity certificate or registration documents. The overseas applicant shall also submit the notarization documents and relevant authentication documents of the local notary office. Where an agent is entrusted to declare, a power of attorney shall be submitted.

　　(2) An explanation of the impact of concentration on the competition in the relevant market. Including the overview of centralized transactions; Definition of relevant markets; The market share of the operators involved in concentration in the relevant market and their control over the market; Main competitors and their market share; Market concentration; Market entry; Current situation of industry development; The influence of concentration on market competition structure, industry development, technological progress, innovation, national economic development, consumers and other operators; Effect evaluation and basis of concentration on relevant market competition.

　　(3) Centralized agreement. Including various forms of centralized agreement documents, such as agreements, contracts and corresponding supplementary documents.

　　(4) The financial and accounting reports of the operators participating in the concentration in the last fiscal year audited by an accounting firm.

　　(5) Other documents and materials required by the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　The declarant and the declarant’s agent shall be responsible for the authenticity of the declaration documents and materials.

　　Article 15 The applicant shall mark the business secrets, undisclosed information, confidential business information, personal privacy or personal information in the application documents and materials, and submit the public version and confidential version of the application documents and materials at the same time. The application documents and materials shall be in Chinese.

　　Article 16 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall check the documents and materials submitted by the applicant, and if it finds that the application documents and materials are incomplete, it may require the applicant to make up them within the prescribed time limit. If the applicant fails to pay the overdue fee, it shall be deemed as undeclared.

　　Article 17 If the General Administration of Market Supervision considers that the application documents and materials meet the statutory requirements after verification, it shall formally accept them and notify the applicant in writing from the date of receiving the complete application documents and materials.

　　Article 18 Where the concentration of business operators fails to meet the declaration standards, the business operators who participate in the concentration voluntarily file a declaration of concentration of business operators, and the General Administration of Market Supervision considers it necessary to formally accept the declaration documents and materials after review, it shall review them and make a decision in accordance with the Anti-monopoly Law.

　　Nineteenth in any of the following circumstances, the operator can declare as a summary case, and the General Administration of Market Supervision will review it according to the summary case procedure:

　　(1) In the same relevant market, the sum of the market shares of the operators participating in concentration is less than 15%; In the upstream and downstream markets, the market share of operators participating in concentration is less than 25%; Operators who are not in the same relevant market and have no upstream or downstream relationship have a market share of less than 25% in each market related to transactions;

　　(two) the business operators involved in concentration set up joint ventures outside China, and the joint ventures are not engaged in economic activities in China;

　　(three) the business operators who participate in the concentration purchase the equity or assets of an overseas enterprise, which is not engaged in economic activities in China;

　　(4) A joint venture jointly controlled by two or more operators is controlled by one or more of them through centralization.

　　Twentieth in accordance with the provisions of article nineteenth, but there is one of the following circumstances, not as a summary case:

　　(1) A joint venture jointly controlled by two or more operators is controlled by one of them through centralization, and the operator and the joint venture belong to competitors in the same relevant market, and the total market share is more than 15%;

　　(two) the relevant market involved in the concentration of business operators is difficult to define;

　　(three) the concentration of operators may have adverse effects on market entry, technological progress and innovation;

　　(four) the concentration of business operators may have adverse effects on consumers and other relevant business operators;

　　(five) the concentration of operators may have an adverse impact on the development of the national economy;

　　(6) Other circumstances that the General Administration of Market Supervision considers may adversely affect market competition.

　　Chapter III Centralized Examination of Operators

　　Article 21 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall, within 30 days from the date of formal acceptance, conduct a preliminary examination of the declared business operators, make a decision on whether to implement further examination, and notify the business operators in writing.

　　If the General Administration of Market Supervision decides to implement further review, it shall complete the review within 90 days from the date of decision, make a decision on whether to prohibit the concentration of operators, and notify the operators in writing. In case of compliance with the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 31 of the Anti-monopoly Law, the General Administration of Market Supervision may extend the review period stipulated in this paragraph for a maximum of 60 days.

　　Article 22 In the course of review, in case of any circumstance specified in Article 32 of the Anti-monopoly Law, the General Administration of Market Supervision may decide to suspend the calculation of the review period of concentration of business operators and notify the reporting obligor in writing, and the calculation of the review period shall be suspended from the date of making the decision.

　　The review period shall continue to be calculated from the date when the situation of suspending the calculation of the review period is eliminated. The General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision to continue to calculate the review period and notify the reporting obligor in writing.

　　Article 23 In the process of review, if the reporting obligor or other trading party fails to submit documents and materials in accordance with the provisions, which will lead to the failure of the review, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall notify the operators in writing to make corrections within a time limit.

　　If it is really difficult to submit documents and materials within the time limit specified in the notice of the preceding paragraph, the reporting obligor or other parties may explain the reasons to the General Administration of Market Supervision, which may extend the time limit for correction.

　　If the reporting obligor or other trading party fails to submit documents and materials within the time limit for correction, or the documents and materials submitted do not meet the requirements, the General Administration of Market Supervision may make a decision to suspend the calculation of the review period.

　　After the review period is suspended, if the reporting obligor or other trading parties supplement the documents and materials that meet these provisions, so that the obstacles that the review cannot be carried out are eliminated, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision to continue to calculate the review period.

　　Article 24 In the course of the review, new situations and facts that have a significant impact on the review appear, and the General Administration of Market Supervision needs to verify the relevant situations and facts. If the review cannot be carried out without verification, it may make a decision to suspend the calculation of the review period.

　　If the facts submitted by the reporting obligor in the reporting documents and materials have changed significantly, or other new situations and facts that the reporting obligor knows or should know have a significant impact on the review, it shall take the initiative to report to the General Administration of Market Supervision and supplement the documents and materials.

　　After completing the verification, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision to continue to calculate the review period.

　　Article 25 If the General Administration of Market Supervision informs the business operators that it is necessary to further evaluate the restrictive conditions attached to the concentration of business operators, the business operators may request to suspend the calculation of the review period. If the General Administration of Market Supervision deems it necessary, it shall agree to the request for suspension and make a decision to suspend the calculation of the review period.

　　Where the General Administration of Market Supervision completes the evaluation and informs the reporting obligor of the evaluation results, it shall make a decision to continue to calculate the review period.

　　Twenty-sixth before the General Administration of Market Supervision makes a review decision, the applicant shall submit a written application and explain the reasons for withdrawing the centralized declaration of business operators. With the consent of the General Administration of Market Supervision, the applicant may withdraw the declaration.

　　If there is a major change in the centralized trading situation or the competition situation in the relevant market and it is necessary to declare again, the applicant shall apply for withdrawal.

　　If the centralized declaration of the operator is withdrawn, the review procedure shall be terminated. The consent of the General Administration of Market Supervision to withdraw the declaration shall not be regarded as the approval of concentration.

　　Article 27 During the review, the General Administration of Market Supervision may, according to the needs of the review, require the applicant to supplement the relevant documents and materials within the prescribed time limit.

　　The applicant can take the initiative to provide relevant documents and materials that will help to review and make decisions on the concentration of business operators.

　　Article 28 During the review process, the business operators participating in concentration may make written statements on the relevant declaration matters to the General Administration of Market Supervision by means of letters, faxes and emails, and the General Administration of Market Supervision shall listen to the statements of the parties concerned.

　　Twenty-ninth in the process of review, the General Administration of Market Supervision may, according to the needs of review, solicit the opinions of relevant government departments, trade associations, operators, consumers and other units or individuals.

　　Thirtieth review of the concentration of business operators, should consider the following factors:

　　(a) the market share of the operators involved in concentration in the relevant market and their control over the market;

　　(2) Market concentration of relevant markets;

　　(three) the impact of the concentration of operators on market entry, technological progress and innovation;

　　(four) the impact of the concentration of operators on consumers and other relevant operators;

　　(five) the impact of the concentration of operators on the development of the national economy;

　　(six) other factors that should be considered to affect market competition.

　　Article 31 To evaluate the competitive impact of concentration of business operators, we can examine the ability, motivation and possibility of relevant business operators to exclude or restrict competition individually or jointly.

　　Where the upstream and downstream markets or related markets are involved, the ability, motivation and possibility of relevant operators to use their control power in one or more markets to exclude or restrict competition in other markets can be investigated.

　　Article 32 To evaluate the market control power of operators participating in concentration, we can consider the market share of operators participating in concentration in relevant markets, the degree of substitution of products or services, the ability to control the sales market or raw material procurement market, financial resources and technical conditions, as well as the market structure of relevant markets, the production capacity of other operators, the purchasing power of downstream customers and the ability to switch suppliers, and the offset effect of potential competitors.

　　To evaluate the market concentration of relevant markets, we can consider the number of operators and market share of relevant markets.

　　Article 33 To evaluate the influence of concentration of operators on market entry, we can consider the influence of operators on market entry by controlling production factors, sales and procurement channels, key technologies, key facilities and data, and consider the possibility, timeliness and sufficiency of entry.

　　To evaluate the influence of operator concentration on technological progress and innovation, we can consider the influence of operator concentration on technological innovation motivation, investment and utilization of technological research and development, and integration of technological resources.

　　Article 34 To evaluate the impact of concentration of business operators on consumers, we may consider the impact of concentration of business operators on the quantity, price, quality and diversification of products or services.

　　To evaluate the impact of concentration of operators on other relevant operators, we can consider the impact of concentration of operators on competitive conditions such as market entry and trading opportunities of operators in the same related market, upstream and downstream markets or related markets.

　　Article 35 To evaluate the impact of concentration of business operators on national economic development, we can consider the impact of concentration of business operators on economic efficiency, business scale and the development of related industries.

　　Article 36 To evaluate the competitive impact of concentration of operators, we can also comprehensively consider the impact of concentration on public interests, whether the operators participating in concentration are enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy and other factors.

　　Article 37 If the General Administration of Market Supervision thinks that the concentration of business operators has or may have the effect of eliminating or restricting competition, it shall inform the applicant and set a reasonable time limit for allowing business operators participating in the concentration to submit written opinions.

　　The written opinions of the operators involved in concentration shall include relevant facts and reasons, and provide corresponding evidence. If the business operators involved in concentration fail to submit written opinions within the time limit, it shall be deemed as no objection.

　　Article 38 In order to reduce the effect of concentration on excluding and restricting competition, the operators participating in concentration may propose a commitment scheme with additional restrictive conditions to the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision shall evaluate the effectiveness, feasibility and timeliness of the commitment scheme, and notify the applicant of the evaluation results in a timely manner.

　　If the General Administration of Market Supervision thinks that the commitment scheme is not enough to reduce the adverse impact of concentration on competition, it may negotiate with the operators involved in concentration on restrictive conditions and ask them to propose other commitment schemes within a reasonable period of time.

　　Article 39 The restrictive conditions may include the following types according to the specific conditions of centralized transactions of business operators:

　　(1) Structural conditions such as divestiture of tangible assets, intangible assets such as intellectual property rights and data or related rights and interests (hereinafter referred to as divestiture business);

　　(2) Behavioral conditions such as opening its network or platform infrastructure, licensing key technologies (including patents or other intellectual property rights), terminating exclusive agreements, maintaining independent operation, modifying platform rules or algorithms, and promising compatibility or not lowering the level of interoperability;

　　(3) Comprehensive conditions combining structural conditions and behavioral conditions.

　　Generally speaking, the divestiture business should have all the elements needed for effective competition in relevant markets, including tangible assets, intangible assets, equity, key personnel and customer agreements or supply agreements. The divestiture target can be subsidiaries, branches or business departments that participate in centralized operators.

　　Article 40 Where there is a risk that the commitment scheme cannot be implemented, the business operators participating in the concentration may put forward alternative schemes. Alternatives should take effect after the first option cannot be implemented, and the conditions are more stringent than the first option.

　　The commitment scheme is divestiture, but under any of the following circumstances, the operators participating in concentration may propose specific buyers and divestiture time in the commitment scheme:

　　(a) there are great difficulties in stripping;

　　(2) There are great risks in maintaining the competitiveness and marketability of the divestiture business before divestiture;

　　(3) The identity of the buyer has an important influence on whether the divestiture business can resume market competition;

　　(4) Other circumstances deemed necessary by the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　Article 41 For the concentration of business operators that have or may have the effect of eliminating or restricting competition, the General Administration of Market Supervision may make a decision to approve the additional restrictive conditions if the commitment scheme with additional restrictive conditions proposed by the business operators participating in the concentration can effectively reduce the adverse impact of concentration on competition.

　　Where the operators participating in concentration fail to propose a commitment scheme with additional restrictive conditions within the prescribed time limit, or the proposed commitment scheme cannot effectively reduce the adverse impact of concentration on competition, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision prohibiting concentration of operators.

　　Article 42 Where there is evidence that the concentration of business operators who fail to meet the reporting standards is suspected to have or may have the effect of eliminating or restricting competition, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall conduct verification and require business operators and relevant parties to provide documents and materials.

　　After verification, if there is evidence that the operators who fail to meet the reporting standards have or may have the effect of eliminating or restricting competition, and the operators declare in accordance with Article 7 of these Provisions, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall conduct a review in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.

　　Chapter IV Supervision and Implementation of Restrictive Conditions

　　Article 43 For the concentration of business operators approved with additional restrictive conditions, the obligor shall strictly fulfill the obligations stipulated in the review decision, and report the fulfillment of restrictive conditions to the General Administration of Market Supervision as required.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision may supervise and inspect the obligor’s performance of restrictive conditions by itself or through the trustee. If it passes the supervision and inspection of the trustee, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall make it clear in the review decision. Trustee includes supervision trustee and stripping trustee.

　　The obligor refers to the operator who is required to fulfill the relevant obligations in the review decision of approving the concentration of operators with additional restrictive conditions.

　　Supervisory trustee refers to a natural person, legal person or other organization entrusted by the obligor and determined by the General Administration of Market Supervision, which is responsible for supervising the obligor’s implementation of restrictive conditions and reporting to the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　The divestiture trustee refers to the natural person, legal person or other organization entrusted by the obligor and determined by the General Administration of Market Supervision, which is responsible for selling the divestiture business at the entrusted divestiture stage and reporting to the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　Article 44 If the trustee passes the supervision and inspection, the obligor shall submit the supervision trustee to the General Administration of Market Supervision within 15 days from the date when the General Administration of Market Supervision makes the examination decision. If the restrictive condition is divestiture, the obligor shall submit the candidate for divestiture trustee to the General Administration of Market Supervision 30 days before entering the entrusted divestiture stage. The trustee shall meet the following requirements:

　　(a) independent of the obligor and the buyer of the divestiture business;

　　(2) Having a professional team to perform the duties of the trustee, and the team members shall have the professional knowledge, skills and relevant experience needed to supervise the restrictive conditions;

　　(3) Being able to put forward a feasible work plan;

　　(4) It has not been punished in the process of being a trustee in the past five years;

　　(5) Other requirements put forward by the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　After the General Administration of Market Supervision evaluates and determines the trustee, the obligor shall sign a written agreement with the trustee to clarify their respective rights and obligations, and report to the General Administration of Market Supervision for approval. The trustee shall perform his duties diligently and dutifully. The obligor shall pay remuneration to the trustee and provide necessary support and convenience for the trustee.

　　Article 45 If the additional restrictive condition is divestiture, the divestiture obligor shall, within the time limit specified in the review decision, find a suitable divestiture buyer by himself, sign a sale agreement, and complete the divestiture after reporting to the General Administration of Market Supervision for approval. If the divestiture obligor fails to complete the divestiture within the prescribed time limit, the General Administration of Market Supervision may require the obligor to entrust the divestiture trustee to find a suitable divestiture buyer within the prescribed time limit. The buyer of divestiture business shall meet the following requirements:

　　(a) independent of the operators involved in concentration;

　　(2) Having the necessary resources and capabilities and being willing to use the divestiture business to participate in market competition;

　　(3) Obtaining the approval of other regulatory agencies;

　　(4) It is not allowed to purchase divestiture business by financing from the operators participating in concentration;

　　(five) other requirements put forward by the General Administration of Market Supervision according to the specific circumstances of the case.

　　When the buyer has or can obtain some assets or rights and interests in the divestiture business from other channels, he may apply to the General Administration of Market Supervision for necessary adjustment of the scope of the divestiture business.

　　Article 46 In principle, the obligor shall submit to the General Administration of Market Supervision for examination at least three candidates for supervision trustee, divestiture trustee and divestiture buyer. Under special circumstances, with the consent of the General Administration of Market Supervision, there may be less than three such candidates.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision shall review the trustee and entrustment agreement, the divestiture buyer and the sale agreement submitted by the obligor to ensure that they meet the requirements of the review decision.

　　If the restrictive condition is divestiture, the time spent in the above review by the General Administration of Market Supervision shall not be included in the divestiture period.

　　Article 47 If the review decision does not stipulate the time limit for self-divestiture, the divestiture obligor shall find a suitable buyer and sign a sale agreement within six months from the date of the review decision. Upon the application of the divestiture obligor and explanation of the reasons, the General Administration of Market Supervision may, at its discretion, extend the period of self-divestiture, but the extension shall not exceed three months.

　　If the review decision does not stipulate the term of entrusted divestiture, the divestiture trustee shall find a suitable buyer and sign a sale agreement within six months from the date of entrusted divestiture.

　　Article 48 The divestiture obligor shall sign a sale agreement with the buyer after the General Administration of Market Supervision has examined and approved the buyer and the sale agreement, and transfer the divestiture business to the buyer within three months from the date of signing, and complete the relevant legal procedures such as ownership transfer. Upon application by the divestiture obligor and explanation of reasons, the General Administration of Market Supervision may extend the term of business transfer as appropriate.

　　Article 49 If the divestiture business purchased by the buyer approved by the General Administration of Market Supervision meets the reporting standards, the operator who has obtained the control right shall report it to the General Administration of Market Supervision as a new operator. Before the General Administration of Market Supervision makes a review decision, the divestiture obligor shall not sell the divestiture business to the buyer.

　　Article 50 Before the divestiture is completed, the divestiture obligor shall perform the following obligations in order to ensure the continuity, competitiveness and marketability of the divestiture business:

　　(1) Maintain the independence between the divestiture business and its reserved business, and take all necessary measures to manage the divestiture business in the most suitable way;

　　(2) Do not commit any acts that may adversely affect the divestiture business, including hiring key employees of the divestiture business and obtaining business secrets or other confidential information of the divestiture business;

　　(3) Designate a special manager to manage the divestiture business. The administrator shall perform his duties under the supervision of the supervisory trustee, and his appointment and replacement shall be agreed by the supervisory trustee;

　　(four) to ensure that potential buyers can obtain sufficient information about the divestiture business in a fair and reasonable way, and evaluate the commercial value and development potential of the divestiture business;

　　(5) Providing necessary support and convenience to the buyer according to his requirements to ensure the smooth handover and stable operation of the stripping business;

　　(6) hand over the stripping business to the buyer in time and perform relevant legal procedures.

　　Article 51 A supervisory trustee shall perform the following duties under the supervision of the General Administration of Market Supervision:

　　(a) to supervise the obligor to fulfill the obligations stipulated in these Provisions, the review decision and the relevant agreements;

　　(2) Evaluate the buyer recommended by the divestiture obligor and the sale agreement to be signed, and submit the evaluation report to the General Administration of Market Supervision;

　　(3) To supervise the implementation of the agreement on the sale of divestiture business and submit supervision reports to the General Administration of Market Supervision on a regular basis;

　　(four) to coordinate the disputes between the stripping obligor and the potential buyer on the stripping matters;

　　(5) Submit other reports related to the obligor’s performance of restrictive conditions as required by the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　Without the consent of the General Administration of Market Supervision, the supervision trustee shall not disclose all kinds of reports and related information submitted to the General Administration of Market Supervision in the course of performing his duties.

　　Article 52 In the entrusted divestiture stage, the divestiture trustee is responsible for finding a buyer for the divestiture business and reaching a sale agreement.

　　The divestiture trustee has the right to sell the divestiture business without reserve price.

　　Article 53 The examination decision shall stipulate the time limit for attaching restrictive conditions.

　　According to the review decision, if the restrictive conditions are automatically lifted when they expire, the restrictive conditions will be automatically lifted if the obligor does not violate the review decision after verification by the General Administration of Market Supervision. If the obligor violates the review decision, the General Administration of Market Supervision may appropriately extend the time limit for attaching restrictive conditions and announce it to the public in a timely manner.

　　According to the review decision, if the obligor needs to apply for cancellation after the restrictive conditions expire, the obligor shall submit a written application and explain the reasons. If the General Administration of Market Supervision decides to lift the restrictive conditions after evaluation, it shall announce it to the public in a timely manner.

　　The restrictive condition is divestiture. If the obligor fulfills all obligations after verification by the General Administration of Market Supervision, the restrictive condition will be automatically lifted.

　　Article 54 During the effective period of the examination decision, the General Administration of Market Supervision may re-examine, change or terminate the restrictive conditions on its own initiative or at the request of the obligor. If the General Administration of Market Supervision decides to change or lift the restrictive conditions, it shall announce it to the public in a timely manner.

　　When changing or lifting restrictive conditions, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall consider the following factors:

　　(a) whether there are major changes in centralized trading parties;

　　(2) Whether there has been a substantial change in the competitive situation in the relevant market;

　　(3) Whether it is unnecessary or impossible to implement restrictive conditions;

　　(4) Other factors that should be considered.

　　Chapter V Investigation on illegal concentration of business operators

　　Article 55 If the concentration of business operators reaches the declaration standard, and the business operators fail to declare the concentration, or implement the concentration without approval after the declaration, or violate the examination decision, an investigation shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.

　　Operators who fail to meet the reporting standards are concentrated, and if the operators fail to report in accordance with Article 7 of these Provisions, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall conduct an investigation in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.

　　The term "concentration of implementation" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the act of gaining control over other operators or exerting decisive influence on them, including but not limited to completing the registration of change of shareholders or rights, appointing senior management personnel, actually participating in business decision-making and management, exchanging sensitive information with other operators, and substantially integrating business.

　　Article 56 Any unit or individual has the right to report to the General Administration of Market Supervision on the suspected illegal concentration of business operators. The General Administration of Market Supervision shall keep confidential the informants.

　　If the report is in written form, and provides the basic information of the informant and the reported person, relevant facts and evidence suspected of illegally implementing the concentration of business operators, etc., the General Administration of Market Supervision shall conduct necessary verification.

　　Article 57 If there are preliminary facts and evidence that show that there is suspicion of illegal concentration of business operators, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall file a case and notify the business operators under investigation in writing.

　　Article 58 The business operators under investigation shall, within 30 days from the date when the notice of filing a case is served, submit to the General Administration of Market Supervision relevant documents and materials, such as whether they belong to the concentration of business operators, whether they meet the reporting standards, whether they declare, whether they are illegally implemented, etc. Where article 19 of these Provisions is involved, it shall be applied by reference.

　　Other operators or individuals involved in the suspected illegal concentration of operators shall provide relevant documents and materials as required and cooperate with the investigation by the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　Article 59 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall, within 30 days from the date of receiving the documents and materials submitted by the business operators under investigation in accordance with Article 58 of these Provisions, conduct a centralized preliminary investigation on whether the transactions under investigation are illegal.

　　In case of illegal concentration of business operators, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision on further investigation and notify the business operators under investigation in writing. Business operators should stop illegal activities.

　　If the concentration of business operators is not illegal, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision not to conduct further investigation and notify the business operators under investigation in writing.

　　Article 60 If the General Administration of Market Supervision decides to conduct further investigation, the operators under investigation shall submit relevant documents and materials to the General Administration of Market Supervision in accordance with the provisions of these Provisions on centralized declaration documents and materials of operators within 30 days from the date of receiving the written notice from the General Administration of Market Supervision.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision shall complete the further investigation within 120 days from the date of receiving the documents and materials submitted by the investigated business operators that conform to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

　　In the further investigation stage, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall, in accordance with the Anti-monopoly Law and these Provisions, evaluate whether the transaction under investigation has or may have the effect of excluding or restricting competition.

　　Article 61 During the investigation, the business operators and interested parties under investigation have the right to state their opinions. The General Administration of Market Supervision shall verify the facts, reasons and evidence put forward by the operators and interested parties under investigation.

　　Article 62 Before making a decision on administrative punishment, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall inform the business operators under investigation of the facts, reasons and basis for making the decision on administrative punishment.

　　The business operators under investigation shall submit written opinions within the time limit prescribed by the General Administration of Market Supervision. The written opinions shall include relevant facts and evidence.

　　Article 63 The General Administration of Market Supervision shall make a decision on the illegal concentration of business operators according to law and make it public.

　　Article 64 Where the concentration of business operators is illegally implemented and the General Administration of Market Supervision decides to take necessary measures to restore the state before concentration, the supervision and implementation of relevant measures shall be implemented with reference to Chapter IV of these Provisions.

　　Chapter VI Legal Liability

　　Article 65 A business operator who violates the provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law to implement concentration shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 58 of the Anti-monopoly Law.

　　The "previous year" as mentioned in Article 58 of the Anti-monopoly Law refers to the previous fiscal year on the date of the illegal concentration.

　　Article 66 If the declarant conceals relevant information or provides false materials, the General Administration of Market Supervision will not file or cancel the filing of the centralized declaration by the operator, and may impose penalties in accordance with Article 62 of the Anti-monopoly Law.

　　The declaration agent shall examine the declaration documents and materials, and shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph if it conceals relevant information or provides false materials. If the circumstances are serious, the General Administration of Market Supervision may decide not to accept the declaration of its agent.

　　Article 67 When determining the specific fine amount according to the Anti-monopoly Law and Articles 65 and 66 of these Provisions, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall, in accordance with the requirements of Article 59 of the Anti-monopoly Law, consider the nature, extent, duration of the illegal act and the situation of eliminating the consequences of the illegal act.

　　Where a party voluntarily reports an illegal act that has not been mastered by the General Administration of Market Supervision, or voluntarily eliminates or mitigates the harmful consequences of the illegal act, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall, according to Article 32 of the Administrative Punishment Law, give a lighter or mitigated punishment as appropriate.

　　Article 68 Where the General Administration of Market Supervision imposes administrative penalties on business operators in accordance with the Anti-monopoly Law and Articles 65 and 66 of these Provisions, it shall be recorded in the credit records in accordance with Article 64 of the Anti-monopoly Law and relevant provisions of the State and publicized to the public.

　　Article 69 If the trustee fails to perform his duties as required, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall order him to make corrections; If the circumstances are serious, the obligor may be required to replace the trustee, and the trustee may be fined not more than 200,000 yuan.

　　Article 70 If the buyer of the divestiture business fails to fulfill its obligations according to the regulations, which affects the implementation of restrictive conditions, the General Administration of Market Supervision shall order it to make corrections and may impose a fine of less than 200,000 yuan.

　　Article 71 In case of violation of Chapter IV of the Anti-monopoly Law and these Provisions, if the circumstances are particularly serious, the impact is particularly bad, and the consequences are particularly serious, the General Administration of Market Supervision may determine the amount of the fine in Articles 58 and 62 of the Anti-monopoly Law and Articles 65 and 66 of these Provisions.

　　Article 72 Any functionary of an anti-monopoly law enforcement agency who abuses his power, neglects his duty, engages in malpractices for selfish ends or divulges state secrets, business secrets, personal privacy and personal information that he has learned in the course of law enforcement shall be dealt with in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　During the investigation, the anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies found clues about public officials’ duty violations and duty crimes, and should promptly hand them over to the discipline inspection and supervision organs with jurisdiction.

　　Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 73 The General Administration of Market Supervision and other units and individuals shall be obliged to keep confidential the known business secrets, undisclosed information, confidential business information, personal privacy and personal information, except those that should be disclosed according to laws and regulations or with the prior consent of the obligee.

　　Article 74 In the process of examination or investigation, the General Administration of Market Supervision may organize a hearing. The hearing procedure shall be implemented in accordance with the Interim Provisions on the Procedures for Administrative Licensing of Market Supervision and Administration and the Measures for Hearing Administrative Punishment of Market Supervision and Administration.

　　Article 75 For written documents that need to be delivered to business operators, the delivery method shall be implemented with reference to the Provisions on Administrative Punishment Procedures for Market Supervision and Administration.

　　Article 76 These Provisions shall come into force as of _ _ _ 2022.

　　Explanation on the Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (Draft for Comment)

　　Supporting the Anti-Monopoly Law (Amendment), the General Administration of Market Supervision revised the Interim Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (hereinafter referred to as the Interim Provisions) and formed the Provisions on Centralized Examination of Operators (Draft for Comment) (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions). The relevant information is as follows:

　　First, the necessity of revision

　　(A) the inherent requirements of strengthening the supply of basic systems.The Anti-monopoly Law (Amendment) puts forward higher requirements for further improving the centralized review system of operators, including improving the centralized classification and grading review system of operators, adding the centralized stop system of operators, improving the review and investigation of operators who fail to meet the reporting standards, and strengthening the legal responsibility for illegally implementing the centralized behavior of operators. As a supporting regulation, it is necessary to revise and implement the relevant requirements of the Anti-Monopoly Law (Amendment) to provide a fair, transparent and predictable institutional environment for market participants.

　　(two) to adapt to the objective needs of economic development and market operation.China has become a super-large-scale market with a total economic output of 114 trillion, 150 million market participants and 1.4 billion consumers. The degree of marketization and participation in global economic globalization have undergone profound changes, and the competition and cooperation of market forces have been profoundly adjusted. Strengthen the centralized anti-monopoly review of operators, give full play to the function of prevention in advance, effectively prevent enterprises from distorting the market competition structure through mergers and acquisitions, resulting in the effect of eliminating and restricting competition, shift regulatory resources from stopping monopoly to preventing monopoly, improve regulatory efficiency, and prevent the loss of overall social welfare due to monopolistic behavior.

　　(3) The inevitable requirement of promoting the construction of a high-standard market system.Since the implementation of the centralized anti-monopoly review system for business operators in China, it has been committed to improving the quality and efficiency of the review, and has played a role in helping enterprises optimize and reorganize, transform and upgrade their economies, and safeguard the interests of consumers. Through this revision, we will further standardize and optimize the process of centralized anti-monopoly declaration and review by operators, improve the quality and efficiency of law enforcement, reduce the burden on operators, continuously stimulate market vitality and social creativity, and make centralized anti-monopoly review by operators better serve the high-quality development of our economy and society.

　　Second, the main principles of the revision

　　(1) Implementing the spirit of the revision of the anti-monopoly law.Accurately grasp the latest institutional requirements of the Anti-Monopoly Law, focus on the relevant requirements and provisions of the Anti-Monopoly Law on improving the centralized examination system for operators, and make a good connection with the superior law system.

　　(2) Adhere to the problem orientation.Summarize the experience of centralized review of operators, respond to the problems reflected in practice, such as the definition of operators participating in concentration and the judgment of implementing concentration, and enhance the transparency of the system of centralized rules for operators.

　　(3) Adhere to service development.Improve the centralized classification and grading review system for operators, optimize the centralized anti-monopoly review process for operators, and improve the quality and efficiency of review. Refine the clock-stopping system, enhance the operability and predictability of the legal system, reduce the institutional cost of enterprises, and create a fair and predictable institutional environment.

　　(4) Insist on eclecticism.On the basis of extensively soliciting opinions from all parties, we will compare and study the experience and practices of other jurisdictions, and learn from the latest developments of legislative enforcement in other jurisdictions to ensure the scientific and effective legal system.

　　Third, the main work carried out

　　In accordance with the requirements of scientific legislation, democratic legislation, legal legislation and open-door legislation, the General Administration of Market Supervision has solidly promoted the revision work through legislative research, theoretical research and soliciting opinions.

　　The first is to carry out legislative research.Comprehensively sort out the practical experience of centralized review of operators in China, and strengthen the research on the new trend of centralized review system and law enforcement cases of operators in major foreign jurisdictions, and refine and summarize mature experiences and practices.

　　The second is organizational theory research.Entrust experts from the Expert Advisory Group of the State Council Anti-monopoly Committee to carry out research on the optimization of centralized anti-monopoly review system for operators, so as to provide theoretical guarantee for revision.

　　The third is to fully listen to the opinions of all parties.Widely solicit opinions from relevant departments, experts and scholars, law firms and enterprises.

　　IV. Main contents of the revision

　　There are 65 existing Interim Provisions, and this revision has revised 22 articles, added 12 articles and deleted 1 article, making a total of 76 articles. The revised contents mainly involve the following six aspects:

　　(1) The system of stopping the clock during the period of centralized review by operators.According to the relevant provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law (Amendment), the detailed rules such as starting conditions, recovery conditions and application procedures are formulated in view of the three situations in which the calculation period of centralized review of operators is suspended.

　　(two) review and investigation on the concentration of operators who do not meet the reporting standards.According to the Anti-Monopoly Law (Amendment), if the concentration of business operators fails to meet the reporting standards, but there is evidence to prove that it has or may have the effect of excluding or restricting competition, the General Administration of Market Supervision may require the business operators to declare. The "Regulations" further clarify that the supporting provisions of the review or investigation procedures are applicable to operators who declare or not declare as required.

　　(three) on the illegal implementation of centralized investigation of operators.The first is to further clarify the concept of "implementation concentration". The second is to stipulate the obligation of the third party to cooperate with the investigation. Third, if the General Administration of Market Supervision decides to take necessary measures to restore the pre-concentration state for illegal concentration of business operators, the relevant measures shall be supervised and implemented with reference to additional restrictive conditions.

　　(four) on the substantive standards and procedural provisions.The first is to clarify the definition of "operators participating in concentration" and the entity standards such as the previous fiscal year. The second is to change the "filing" procedure of centralized anti-monopoly declaration by operators into the "formal acceptance" procedure.

　　(five) on improving the quality and efficiency of the review.First, it is proposed to improve the centralized classification and grading review system for operators, strengthen law enforcement in important areas such as the national economy and people’s livelihood, and regularly evaluate the review effect. The second is to enrich the types of additional restrictive conditions, include data stripping into structural conditions, and include maintaining independence, modifying platform rules or algorithms, and not reducing interoperability into behavioral conditions.

　　(6) About legal liability.First, the legal responsibility of the declaration agent is increased, and the illegal responsibility of concealing or providing false materials is clarified. If the circumstances are serious, the General Administration of Market Supervision may decide not to accept the declaration of its agent. Second, according to the Anti-Monopoly Law (Amendment), the amount of fines for illegal concentration of business operators, refusal and obstruction of law enforcement has been increased. The third is to strengthen the legal responsibility of the trustee and the buyer of the divestiture business for failing to fulfill their obligations as required.

One-week inventory ｜ BYD shares Hong Kong stocks rose 2.47% last week

[trend of individual stocks]

23 December to 27 December

Last week, the Hang Seng Index rose by 1.87% and the Hang Seng Technology Index rose by 2.12%.

() Shares of Hong Kong stocks rose by 2.47% last week.Last week, the total turnover was HK$ 2.937 billion. As of last week’s close, the stock price of Hong Kong stocks was HK$ 27.360 and the market value was HK$ 795.975 billion. Hong Kong stocks rose 7.89% this month, 27.61% this year and 27.61% in the last 52 weeks.

[Company comparison]

Securities code Securities abbreviation Latest price Last week’s ups and downs Up and down this month Up and down this year 52-week ups and downs LI Li Auto $25.49 8.19% 7.64% -31.9% -31.9% TSLA Tesla $431.66 2.52% 25.06% 73.72% 73.72% XPEV XPENG Motors $12.63 -0.08% 4.81% -13.43% -13.43% NIO Weilai $4.48 -1.32% 0% -50.61% -50.61% 02015 LI -W HK$ 100.40 7.67% 10.21% -31.75% -31.75% 09866 Weilai -SW HK$ 36.40 3.12% 6.43% -50.54% -50.54% 01211 Byd shares HK$ 273.60 2.47% 7.89% 27.61% 27.61% 09868 Xpeng Motors -W Hk $49.35 1.54% 6.24% -12.96% -12.96% 02238 Guangzhou Automobile Group HK$ 3.46 0.29% 16.11% -4.68% -4.68% 00175 Geely automobile HK$ 14.96 -2.35% 7.94% 74.16% 74.16% 02333 Great Wall Motor HK$ 13.28 -4.6% 6.24% 30.97% 30.97%

[Related News]

BYD: The board of directors agreed to authorize the management of the company to formulate the Market Value Management System.

BYD announced that the board of directors agreed to authorize the company’s management to formulate the Market Value Management System and will fulfill its information disclosure obligations according to the requirements of Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

BYD: Received a judgment on the case of infringement of reputation right and was awarded 2.01 million yuan.

According to the official micro-news of BYD’s legal department, yesterday (December 26th), the company received a court decision on BYD’s lawsuit against the media "Dragon Pig-Truck" and the dispute over the reputation right of related accounts. The judgment found that the defendant had made insulting and defamatory remarks against BYD for a long time, and there was a serious distortion of the facts, which constituted an infringement of BYD’s reputation right. The defendant was ordered to delete the infringing speech, apologize, and compensate BYD for economic losses totaling 2,018,700 yuan.

BYD pushes the second-generation Song Pro DM-i and Qin PLUS EV glory edition for a limited time as low as 99,800 yuan.

BYD announced that from today to January 26, 2025, the price of the second-generation Song Pro DM-i will be as low as 99,800 yuan, and the Qin PLUS EV Glory Edition will be offered a limited discount of 10,000 yuan. After the discount, the price will be as low as 99,800 yuan. At the same time, the maximum replacement subsidies for the two models reached 24,000 yuan and 25,000 yuan respectively. (Cailian)

BYD Li Yunfei responded to rumors related to the Brazilian factory: deliberately discrediting the China brand.

"This is a complete misunderstanding and is not restricted by the company’s personal freedom." On December 26th, a statement and video jointly released by over 160 migrant workers in Brazil attracted attention. In the video, a worker introduced that the cause of the incident involved 107 employees who needed the assistance of a goldsmith company to handle temporary id card, Brazil. To this end, the company temporarily collected the passports of these employees for subsequent relevant procedures. During an on-site inspection by the Brazilian labor department, these passports were found in the locker of the goldsmith company, which led the inspectors to mistakenly think that the company had confiscated all passports and did not accept the company’s explanation, and wrongly judged that the personal freedom of these employees was restricted. In this regard, the above-mentioned more than 100 workers made it clear in the statement that the goldsmith company did not detain their passports, and the reason why they stayed in the company was to apply for the temporary id card and tax number of Brazil. Once the documents were completed, the company would immediately return them. On the same day, Li Yunfei, general manager of BYD’s brand and public relations department, forwarded the above statement and video on social media, saying that "if you want to add a crime, you can always say it. In the matter of smearing the China brand, smearing China, and attempting to undermine China-Pakistan friendship, I have seen how relevant foreign forces maliciously associate and deliberately smear. ". (Beijing News)

BYD announced that the "Eye of God" upgraded the navigation function of the map-free city nationwide.

BYD’s advanced intelligent driving assistance system "Eye of the God" officially opened the function of CNOA nationwide, realizing intelligent navigation of all kinds of roads nationwide, and this function will be pushed one after another with specific models of OTA. According to reports, the city navigation function opened nationwide is based on NOA technology without map, adopts end-to-end large model architecture, captures and processes road environment information in real time through multi-sensor fusion perception, and can realize complex intersection traffic, traffic lights traffic, autonomous overtaking, obstacle avoidance bypass, autonomous merging and other driving behaviors. This version can also support the nationwide traffic around the island, the function of automatically entering the waiting area and other industries with extremely technical difficulties.

This article comes from the theme of Hong Kong-US Datalink. Click to read more about Hong Kong-US companies > > >

Situation in Palestine and Israel： The Prime Minister said that he would ＂annex the Jordan Valley＂ after winning the election.

Cctv newsOn the 11th, local time, Israeli warplanes launched an air strike on the Gaza Strip. According to the Israeli military, the air strikes hit 15 targets, including an arsenal and tunnels for Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement militants. There are no reports of casualties.

Earlier, on the evening of 10th local time, southern Israel was attacked by rockets from Gaza, which triggered an air defense alarm. At that time, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who was making a campaign speech in the southern Israeli city of Ashdod, was forced to interrupt his speech and temporarily evacuate. The Israeli military issued a statement that night, saying that two rockets fired from the Gaza into southern Israel were intercepted by the Israeli "Iron Dome" defense system, causing no casualties.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on the 10th that if his Likud Party wins the parliamentary election on the 17th of this month, Israel will incorporate the Jordan Valley into its territory. This statement was strongly condemned by Palestine and the international community.

That night, Netanyahu said in a televised campaign that if Likud won the parliamentary election, he would include the Jordan Valley and the northern part of the Dead Sea in Israel, which would be a "historic move". He said that the annexation of the Jordan Valley would be the "first step" for Israel to exercise wider sovereignty over the West Bank.

Netanyahu’ s remarks have attracted many condemnations.

Palestine strongly condemns the statement made by the Prime Minister.

Palestinian Prime Minister Ashtiyah issued a statement on the same day saying that Netanyahu is "the destroyer of the peace process"; Palestinian President Abbas said that if Netanyahu did this, all the agreements between Palestine and Israel would be void.

Arab League Secretary-General: Israel is "playing with fire"

On the same day, Arab League Secretary General Gheit said that Israel is relying on the political asylum of the United States to "play with fire"; The Arab League regards this plan put forward by Netanyahu as "another serious act of aggression by Israel’s intention to violate international law and the UN Charter" — — If this attempt finally takes place, it will mean the end of the Palestinian-Israeli peace process.

Guterres: Israel’s stance will not help the Middle East peace process

On the same day, UN Secretary-General Guterres said through his spokesman that Netanyahu’s statement "does not help the Middle East peace process"; If this plan is successful, it will be a devastating blow to the possibility of resuming peace talks between Palestine and Israel, as well as regional peace and the "two-state plan."

Jordan Valley, where the Palestinians and Israelis are at loggerheads.

Analysts pointed out that on the 17th of this month, Israel will hold a new parliamentary election. Netanyahu threw out such remarks at this time to please his right-wing voters. What kind of region is the "Jordan Valley" that Netanyahu called to annex?

Jordan Valley is located in the West Bank of the Jordan River in Palestine, covering an area of about 2,400 square kilometers, accounting for about 30% of the total area of the West Bank. Jericho, the main Palestinian city, is located in the Jordan Valley.

During the Middle East War in 1967, Israel occupied the West Bank, and since then a large number of Jewish settlements have been built in this area. According to Israeli human rights organizations, there are about 2.8 million Palestinians and 400,000 Jewish settlers living in the West Bank — — Specifically, there are about 65,000 Palestinians and 11,000 Jewish settlers living in the Jordan Valley and the adjacent northern part of the Dead Sea.

Jordan Valley is of strategic significance in both military and agricultural fields. In the previous Palestinian-Israeli peace talks, the Jordan Valley has always been one of the contentious issues between Palestine and Israel.

Focus on one-on-one express brand flash with big moves! Take multiple measures to eliminate potential safety hazards for riders

　　In recent years, the protection of riders’ rights and personal safety has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. In order to further strengthen and standardize the traffic order management of the instant delivery industry and prevent and reduce the occurrence of road traffic accidents in the instant delivery industry, flash delivery can be said to have been working hard, insisting on the "one-on-one express delivery" mode to build a safety barrier for platform riders.

　　Flash delivery focuses on "one-to-one express delivery", which only delivers one order at a time. The delivery range is large, which mainly meets people’s needs in emergency delivery and important goods delivery. Therefore, the unit price of customers is relatively high, which tests the platform’s accurate matching and global scheduling ability for orders. In order to make the order more accurate, the flasher has less idle driving time and higher efficiency of running the order, the order matching system is established in flasher. In order to cross-dispatch orders from the perspective of global optimization, and to maintain the optimal balance between supply and demand between orders and flashers in each area of the city, a dynamic intelligent scheduling system was built for flasher.

　　In addition, the flash delivery also set aside a certain life time for each order, so as to prevent the flash delivery staff from violating traffic rules in order to catch up with time and avoid potential safety hazards. Many flash delivery staff said that they are not only free to take orders, but also calm to deliver orders.

　　In addition to leaving enough time for flashers to deliver tickets, flashers have always insisted on providing traffic safety training for riders, and even set up a "traffic safety volunteer service team" composed of flashers to actively publicize traffic safety knowledge. For example, in cities such as Hangzhou, Shenzhen, Beijing, etc., the local traffic police are specially invited to come to the Knight’s House, the exclusive offline space of the flash driver, to explain the traffic safety knowledge in a simple way through real cases and enhance the safety awareness of riders.

　　In addition, in order to help riders better deal with all kinds of unexpected situations encountered on the way to delivering tickets, they also regularly carry out red cross first aid training for riders. Nowadays, more and more riders carry maintenance tools and emergency medicines with them, becoming the maintainers of traffic order and small "rescue stations".

　　Flash delivery has always focused on one-on-one rush delivery, taking multiple measures to eliminate potential safety hazards for riders, and conducting traffic safety training from time to time, which not only ensures the personal safety of the majority of flash delivery personnel in the delivery process, but also makes them feel comfortable and happy to take orders, and contributes to building a harmonious and orderly traffic environment.

Original Entertainment quarreled again, this time it was all due to Yang Mi？

#Entertainment Critics Award #

Hello, my name is Ma Xiangyu.

Recently, Yang Mi and Tang Yan’s fans quarreled.

The reason is that Yang Mi hinted at Tang Yan’s famous scenes in the variety show.

Then he went on a hot search, attracting melons from the whole network.

Many netizens have speculated whether the two former best friends are going to remarry?

As a result, before the protagonist could speak, the fans began to make a fuss.

The two fans shared their performances, their opponents’ dark pictures, dark histories, and various battles.

One party scolded the other twice and stabbed his girlfriend in the back.

The other party called him hypocritical, disgusting, and would only rub people’s eyes.

So many netizens ridiculed the two as being like plastic sisters.

At the same time, the topic of "Is there true friendship in the entertainment industry" has also aroused a lot of discussion among netizens.

So let’s talk about it today.

For inner entertainment, there are still many impressive feelings of girlfriendliness.

Taking Yang Mi as an example, in addition to Tang Yan in the early days, there is also Liu Shishi who is now remarried.

The two got to know Xianjian III because of their collaboration.

Because they were all Beijing girls with similar personalities, they gradually became good friends.

After the filming of the movie, the two went on a trip with the crew.

During this time, they were more like conjoined twins, glued to each other every day, leaving behind many photos.

And in various large-scale events, the two have no scruples and always show their friendship generously.

They always get together and laugh.

Or in front of the camera, they generously raise their hands and hold hands.

As a result, the two also had an early CP fan "Miss".

It was also recognized by Yang Mi himself, which made many fans crazy.

After the two remarried, they sprinkled sugar every day.

Liu Shishi paid a low-key visit to Yang Mi, and the two walked side by side, chatting while walking.

Before leaving, Yang Mi had to personally send Liu Shishi to the car.

The two were still reluctant to part, chatting through the window.

Once they are free, they will go for walks, climb mountains, and take pictures of each other.

And at various large-scale events, they often hold hands and show extra intimacy.

As for birthdays every year, mutual blessings are indispensable.

Moreover, they would also affectionately call each other "Amo".

The same goes for Zhao Liying and Xie Na.

In the variety show "Idol is Coming" many years ago, the two "don’t know each other if they don’t fight."

But after a long time of contact, they found that they actually hit it off.

Those who have no background and have suffered can easily recruit black people.

Therefore, the two began to hug each other for warmth and cherish each other.

Because of Xie Na’s existence, Zhao Liying, who has always been a little cautious about the camera, can feel at ease. Let the naked eye see a lot of natural relaxation.

And Zhao Liying will deliberately reject all of Xie Na’s work.

First help Zhang Jie shooting new song MV, and then to Xie Na comeback debut call.

At that time, the relationship between the eldest brother and the second brother moved many netizens.

But at the same time, there are too many friendships that can be broken at a touch.

For example, Fan Weiqi and Zhang Shaohan many years ago.

At that time, one of the two people had already become famous, while the other was still unknown and unknown.

Therefore, Zhang Shaohan tried every means to use her fame to help Fan Weiqi.

Not only did he often participate in shows, but he was also invited to be his own concert guest.

Unexpectedly, all of this did not have a happy ending.

When Zhang Shaohan stopped working due to illness and went abroad for treatment, she was betrayed by everyone.

My mother spread rumors about her taking drugs, drinking, abandoning her parents…

As a result, his career was suspended and he hit rock bottom.

Fan Weiqi, a good sister, not only did not defend Zhang Shaohan, but instead followed the trend.

Remove his original endorsement, turn his face directly, and draw a clear line with him:

"Those who do not honor their parents are definitely not good people."

As a result, the good sisters who were originally envied by everyone became so distant.

Then there was Yang Mi and Tang Yan.

The two often post photos of each other online to express their love.

When Tang Yan was betrayed, Yang Mi would tear apart the person who betrayed his heart and support him in various ways.

Even at her own wedding, she only invited Tang Yan as her bridesmaid.

As a result, many call them "China’s best friends."

But no matter how good a friendship is, it will always become vulnerable in the face of interests.

First of all, the two played Zhao Mosheng simultaneously in "Why Sheng Xiao Mo".

A TV series version, a movie version.

It is inevitable that the two will always be picked for comparison.

Subsequently, Confucian artist Di Lizheba participated in "Carat Lovers".

It turned out that the other party was more eye-catching than the heroine Tang Yan, and all kinds of complaining made her at a loss.

Then, the relationship between Yang Mi and Tang Yan began to become subtle.

And when Yang Mi became popular because of "Three Lives, Three Worlds, Ten Miles of Peach Blossom", Tang Yan Studio even praised a Weibo that complained that it was not as good as Tang Yan.

Yang Mi did not fall behind, and quickly praised Tang Yan on Weibo for buying a navy.

From then on, the friendship between the two was completely frozen.

Even when they met at an event, the two pretended to be unfamiliar.

So much so that the public has always believed that there is no true emotion in the entertainment industry.

Every time a celebrity shows girlfriendliness, they are always questioned and speculated.

I thought it was just a plastic friendship, all for hype marketing.

So is there really no true emotion in inner entertainment?

Not really. It’s just that for some celebrities, they are willing to spend time guarding this friendship, and they don’t want to be tainted with too much suspicion.

Therefore, they will not easily promote their friendship.

For example, Sun Lireiza.

They rarely interact in front of people and rarely mention each other.

In the eyes of many netizens, the two are just colleagues who used to work with "Empresses in the Palace".

When Reiza won the Feitian Award, we found that Sun Li was already in tears in the audience.

You know, both of them were nominated for Best Actress this time, so they should be competitors.

But after learning of her award, Sun Li did not feel jealous or dissatisfied, but shed tears of joy for her friend.

The two compete with each other and cherish each other.

Only then did I know that the two actually established a deep friendship from "Empresses in the palace".

Reiza’s condition was very poor. When she fell into a deep depression, Sun Li was by her side to encourage her.

Reiza caused too little milk during breastfeeding and filming.

Sun Li will arrange a lot of milking supplements for her soon and tell her to pay attention to her body.

Reiza also cherishes the friendship between the two very much.

As early as a few years ago, Sun Li was already a big flower who starred in many popular dramas, and her popularity among passers-by was also extremely good.

At that time, Reiza was still just a minor star in the third and fourth tiers, and was often hacked by the entire network.

Even so, Reiza is unwilling to use their friendship to hype his popularity.

On the contrary, he never mentioned the matter, unwilling to drag it into a dispute.

It was not until she won the title of Feitian Movie Queen that she was willing to express her gratitude to Sun Li in front of the camera.

And she did it because she wanted to protect that friendship.

I don’t want it to be tainted with fame and fortune.

Of course, we are not saying that only hidden friendships are genuine.

For example, the re-employment boy group, Zhang Xiaofei and Jia Ling…

They met in Weimo and worked together to support each other’s growth.

Therefore, they all witnessed and accompanied each other through their struggles.

Ultimately, they made each other and met at the peak.

Among them, the quality and authenticity of the relationship can be seen at a glance.

You see, inner entertainment is not without a sense of authenticity.

It’s just that some people choose to protect silently, while others choose to walk hand in hand.

As for those who use their girlfriends’ love to gain traffic and popularity, they can’t escape the eyes of the public.

Just like the current Fan Weiqi.

Whenever it is mentioned, it is always scolded as a white-eyed wolf and a backstab master.

As a result, his popularity and reputation completely collapsed.

Responsible editor:

The Spring Festival goes to the grassroots ｜ Licun business district has a strong flavor, and the Spring Festival Lantern Festival is very lively

Zhang Wei, an all-media reporter on the Peninsula

　　On February 12th, Licun business circle was full of flavor and excitement. In Licun Pedestrian Street, the reporter saw that dragon dance, lion dance, yangko dance, all kinds of delicious snacks, red sugar balls, rings, roller coasters, speed skating and other recreational activities and folk customs were splendid, which attracted many citizens.

　　During the day, the pedestrian street is full of popularity. When the lights are on, the whole Licun business circle is full of annual flavor. All the lanterns on the pedestrian street will be lit, and the street trees on both sides of the road will be brightly lit. The night market in Licun Leke City is delicious and popular. The major commercial complexes in the business circle are very lively. Create a festive and peaceful Spring Festival atmosphere.

Reporting/feedback

volleyball

On the same day, in the women’s volleyball final of Hangzhou Asian Games, China beat the Japanese team 3-0 and won the championship.
On October 7th, China team player Yuan Xinyue (second from right) celebrated the score in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China team player Diao Linyu saved the ball in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China player Wang Yuanyuan (right) blocked the net in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China players Li Yingying (front left) and Wang Yuanyuan (front right) celebrated their scores in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China head coach Cai Bin (second from right) conducted the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China team player Wang Mengjie (left) celebrated the score in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China team players (former) celebrated the championship. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China team player Wang Yuanyuan (fifth from the right) celebrated the championship with his teammates after the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, Li Yingying, a player of China team, padded the ball in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China player Diao Linyu (right) passed the ball in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China players paid tribute to the audience after winning the championship. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China team player Wu Mengjie (left) spiked in the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China players were celebrating the championship. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
On October 7th, China players Wang Yuanyuan, Gao Yi and Yuan Xinyue (left to right) celebrated their championship after the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Yushe
Reporting/feedback

The first staff Chinese billiards match was held in full swing.

Original title: The first Chinese billiards competition for employees was held hotly.
Taizhou Daily News (trainee reporter Xue Ruwei, reporter Bao Ren) In order to continuously enrich employees’ cultural and sports activities and create a healthy, civilized, high-spirited and full-time employee culture, on the morning of December 11th, the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, in conjunction with the Municipal Billiards Association, held the "China Life Cup" final of the first Chinese-style billiards competition for employees in Taizhou in the downtown Ding Junhui Billiards Club.
The final attracted a total of 128 players from 22 teams in the city to start a duel, which was held for two consecutive days on the 11th and 12th. At the scene of the competition, the players were all concentrated, and each beautiful goal won the cheers and applause of the audience. After the intense competition on the first day, 128 players finally passed three rounds of group elimination (five wins in nine games) and produced the top 16 players. On the 12th, these 16 players will take part in two rounds of elimination (best of 13 games), semi-final (best of 17 games) and final (best of 21 games) to decide the champion. This competition is sponsored by Taizhou Federation of Trade Unions, assisted by Taizhou Billiards Association and undertaken by Taizhou Ding Junhui Billiards Club.
The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions said that the holding of the Chinese billiards competition for employees is not only a pragmatic measure for the trade unions to implement cultural inclusiveness, but also a display of the good spirit of Taizhou employees. The Municipal Federation of Trade Unions will continue to carry out colorful and diverse sports and cultural activities, and urge employees to transform their fighting spirit and vitality in the competition into their future work, so as to win glory on all fronts to promote the high-quality development of Taizhou.
Source: Taizhou Daily
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