年度归档 2025年6月12日

State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China’s Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Order No.56, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Order No.56, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China’s Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC), which was considered and adopted at the 3rd executive meeting in State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on December 29, 2023, is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of March 1, 2024. Director State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China: Hu Jinglin’s Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) on January 15th, 2024 In order to ensure the effective implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China decided to amend the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) as follows: 1. As Article 3: "The electronic invoice mentioned in Article 3 of the Measures refers to the receipt and payment vouchers issued and collected in the form of data messages in the purchase and sale of goods, provision or acceptance of services and other business activities in accordance with the provisions of the tax authorities on invoice management. "Electronic invoices have the same legal effect as paper invoices, and no unit or individual may refuse them." Two, one article is added as Article 4: "The tax authorities shall build an electronic invoice service platform to provide digital electronic invoice issuance, delivery, inspection and other services for ticket users and individuals." One article is added as Article 5: "The tax authorities shall, in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations,Establish and improve the invoice data security management system to ensure the invoice data security. "Units and individuals shall carry out invoice data processing activities in accordance with the relevant provisions of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, undertake the obligation of invoice data security protection according to law, and shall not store invoice data in excess of the specified amount, and shall not use, illegally sell or illegally provide invoice data to others in violation of regulations." 4. Article 4 is renumbered as Article 7, and the first paragraph is amended as: "The basic contents of an invoice include: invoice name, invoice code and number, serial number and purpose, customer name, bank and account number, commodity name or business item, unit of measurement, quantity, unit price, amount in words and figures, tax rate (collection rate), tax amount, drawer, billing date and name of billing unit (individual). 5. Article 5 is renumbered as Article 8 and amended as: "An invoice-receiving entity may request the tax authorities in writing to use the invoice with its name printed on it, and the tax authorities shall confirm the type and quantity of the invoice with its name printed on it according to Article 15 of the Measures." 6. Article 6 is renumbered as Article 9 and amended as: "The tax authorities shall supervise and manage the enterprises that print invoices according to the requirements of government procurement contracts and the management of anti-counterfeiting products for invoices." 7. Article 10 is renumbered as Article 13, and the first paragraph is amended as: "The tax authorities that supervise the production of invoices shall issue a notice of invoice printing as required, and the printing enterprises must print as required." Eight, thirteenth to sixteenth, the first paragraph is amended as:"The special seal for invoices mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the seal with the words of its name, unified social credit code or taxpayer identification number and special seal for invoices stamped by the units and individuals receiving invoices when they issue paper invoices." 9. Article 15 is renumbered as Article 18 and amended as: "The methods of collection mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refer to the methods of batch supply, exchange of the old and bring in the new, inspection of the old and bring in the new, and determination of the quota. "The tax authorities determine or adjust the type, quantity, amount and method of collecting invoices according to the tax risk degree, tax credit level and actual business situation of units and individuals." Ten, delete sixteenth, eighteenth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, thirty-seventh. XI. One article is added as Article 25: "The amount stipulated in Article 19 of the Measures shall not be changed, including the unit price and quantity involved in the calculation of the amount." 12. Article 27 is renumbered as Article 26 and amended as: "After the paper invoice is issued, if it is necessary to void the invoice, such as sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, etc., the original invoice shall be recovered and marked with the word’ void’, and then the invoice shall be void. "After issuing a paper invoice, if it is necessary to issue a red-ink invoice in case of sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, sales discount, etc., it shall recover all the original invoices and indicate the words’ red-ink’ before issuing a red-ink invoice. If it is impossible to recover all the original invoices, it shall issue a red-ink invoice after obtaining the valid certificate of the other party. " XIII. One article is added,As Article 27: "After issuing an electronic invoice, in case of sales return, billing error, suspension of taxable services, sales discount, etc., a red-ink invoice shall be issued in accordance with the regulations." Article 28 is amended as: "When issuing invoices, units and individuals shall fill in complete items and true contents. "Paper invoices should be filled out in the order of invoice numbers, with clear handwriting, all printed at one time, and the contents are exactly the same, and the invoice joint and deduction joint should be stamped with the special invoice seal." 15. One article is added as Article 29: "Inconsistency with the actual business situation mentioned in Article 21 of the Measures refers to one of the following acts:" (1) Issuing or obtaining invoices without buying or selling commodities, providing or receiving services or engaging in other business activities; "(2) buying or selling commodities, providing or accepting services, or engaging in other business activities, but the buyer, seller, commodity name, business items, amount, etc. specified in the invoices issued or obtained are not in conformity with the actual situation." 16. One article is added as Article 31: "Units and individuals providing services such as collecting and issuing invoices to clients shall be subject to the supervision of the tax authorities, and the maximum amount of invoice data stored shall comply with the provisions of the tax authorities." 17. One article is added as Article 32: "Where an electronic invoice information system is developed to provide tax-related services such as inquiry, download, storage and use of invoice data for others, it shall comply with the data standards and management regulations of the tax authorities and sign an agreement with the client.Do not use invoice data beyond the scope of authorization. 18. One article is added as Article 34: "Identity verification mentioned in Article 26 of the Measures means that when units and individuals collect, issue and issue invoices on their behalf, their handlers should pay taxes in their real names." 19. One article is added as Article 36: "The tax authorities may extract, transfer, consult and copy invoice data during invoice inspection." Twenty, Article 34 is changed to Article 39, which is amended as: "If the tax authorities punish acts that violate the laws and regulations on invoice management according to law, the tax authorities at or above the county level shall decide; If the fine is less than 2,000 yuan, it may be decided by the tax office. " 21. One article is added as Article 40: "Where other vouchers are used instead of invoices as stipulated in Item 6 of Article 33 of the Measures, it includes:" (1) invoices should be issued but invoices are not issued, and other vouchers are used instead of invoices; "(2) invoices should be obtained but not obtained, and other vouchers other than invoices or self-made vouchers should be used for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement; "(three) to obtain invoices that do not meet the requirements for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement. "If it constitutes evasion of tax payment, fraudulent export tax refund or false invoicing, it shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tax Collection and Management Law and the Measures." Twenty-two, Article 35 is changed to Article 41 and amended as: "The announcement mentioned in Article 38 of the Measures refers to,The tax authorities shall announce the illegality of taxpayers’ invoices in tax places or news media such as radio, television, newspapers, periodicals and the Internet. The contents of the announcement include: the name of the taxpayer, the unified social credit code or the taxpayer identification number, the place of business, and the specific circumstances of violating the invoice management regulations. 23. One article is added as Article 43: "The tax bureaus of cities under separate state planning shall do a good job in invoice management with reference to the responsibilities of the tax bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the Measures." Twenty-four, third, seventh, fourteenth and thirty-first in the "invoice" is amended as "paper invoice". Twenty-five, the name of the third chapter and fourteenth in the "purchase" is amended as "receiving". In addition, the order of articles and individual words are adjusted and modified accordingly. This decision shall come into force as of March 1, 2024. The Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall be revised accordingly and re-promulgated. Detailed rules for the implementation of the measures for the administration of invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC)(Promulgated by Order No.25 of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on February 14, 2011, the first amendment was made according to the Decision of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) on December 27, 2014, and the second amendment was made according to the Decision of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Amending the Rules of Some Tax Departments on June 15, 2018, and the State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on July 24, 2019 announced the cancellation of a batch of taxes. The Third Amendment of Certification Matters and Decision on Abolishing and Amending Some Rules and Normative Documents Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 These Rules are formulated in accordance with the provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Measures). Article 2 Invoices with uniform patterns throughout the country shall be determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Invoices with uniform patterns within provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be determined by the tax bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (hereinafter referred to as provincial tax bureaus). Article 3 The electronic invoice mentioned in Article 3 of the Measures refers to the receipt and payment vouchers issued and collected in the form of data messages in accordance with the provisions of the tax authorities on invoice management in the purchase and sale of commodities, provision or acceptance of services and other business activities. Electronic invoices and paper invoices have the same legal effect, and no unit or individual may refuse them. Article 4 The tax authorities shall build an electronic invoice service platform,Provide digital and other forms of electronic invoice issuance, delivery, inspection and other services for ticket users and individuals. Article 5 The tax authorities shall, in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations, establish and improve the invoice data security management system to ensure the invoice data security. Units and individuals shall carry out invoice data processing activities in accordance with the relevant provisions of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, undertake the obligation of invoice data security protection according to law, and shall not store invoice data in excess of the specified amount, and shall not use, illegally sell or illegally provide invoice data to others in violation of regulations. Article 6 The basic forms of paper invoices include stub forms, invoice forms and bookkeeping forms. The stub shall be kept by the payee or the drawer for future reference; The invoice is combined by the payer or the drawee as the original payment voucher; Bookkeeping is made by the payee or the drawer as the original voucher for bookkeeping. The tax authorities at or above the provincial level may, according to the management of paper invoices and the needs of taxpayers’ business operations, increase or decrease other invoices, and determine their uses. Article 7 The basic contents of an invoice include: invoice name, invoice code and number, serial number and purpose, customer name, bank and account number, commodity name or business item, unit of measurement, quantity, unit price, amount in words and figures, tax rate (collection rate), tax amount, drawer, date of invoicing, name (seal) of billing unit (individual), etc. The tax authorities at or above the provincial level may determine the specific contents of invoices according to the needs of economic activities and invoice management. Article 8 An invoice-receiving unit may request the tax authorities in writing to use the invoice with its name printed on it.The tax authorities shall, in accordance with the provisions of Article 15 of the Measures, confirm the types and quantities of invoices bearing the name of the entity. Chapter II Printing of Invoices Article 9 The tax authorities shall supervise and manage enterprises that print invoices according to the requirements of government procurement contracts and the management of anti-counterfeiting products for invoices. Article 10 The national unified anti-counterfeiting measures for paper invoices shall be determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, and the provincial tax bureau may add anti-counterfeiting measures for paper invoices in the local area according to needs, and file them with State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Special anti-counterfeiting products for paper invoices shall be kept in special warehouses according to regulations and shall not be lost. Defective products and waste products shall be destroyed centrally under the supervision of tax authorities. Article 11 The unified national invoice producer seal is the legal symbol for tax authorities to manage invoices, and its shape, specifications, content and printing color shall be stipulated by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Twelfth nationwide invoice replacement is determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China; The replacement of invoices within provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be determined by the Provincial Taxation Bureau. When the invoice is changed, it shall be announced. Article 13 The tax authorities that supervise the production of invoices shall, as required, issue a notice of printing invoices, and the printing enterprises must print them as required. The invoice printing notice shall specify the name of the enterprise that printed the invoice, the name of the unit that used the invoice, the name of the invoice, the invoice code, the type, the serial number, the specification, the printing color, the printing quantity, the starting and ending numbers, the delivery time and place, etc. Article 14 The finished products printed by an invoice printing enterprise shall be kept in a special warehouse after acceptance according to regulations, and shall not be lost. Waste products should be destroyed in time.Chapter III Collection of Invoices Article 15 The identity certificate of the agent mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the resident identity card, passport or other documents that can prove the identity of the agent. Article 16 The special seal for invoices mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the seal stamped by the units and individuals who receive invoices when they issue paper invoices with the words of their name, unified social credit code or taxpayer identification number and special seal for invoices. The style of special invoice seal is determined by State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China. Article 17 The tax authorities shall keep the impression of the special seal for invoices provided by units and individuals who receive paper invoices for future reference. Article 18 The methods of requisition mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refer to the methods of batch supply, exchange of the old and bring in the new, inspection of the old and bring in the new, and determination of the quota. The tax authorities determine or adjust the type, quantity, amount and method of receiving invoices according to the tax risk degree, tax credit level and actual business situation of units and individuals. Article 19 The use of invoices mentioned in Article 15 of the Measures refers to the receipt and storage of invoices and related invoicing data. Twentieth "written proof" as mentioned in Article 16 of the Measures refers to the relevant business contracts, agreements or other materials approved by the tax authorities. Article 21 The tax authorities shall sign an agreement with the units entrusted to issue invoices on their behalf, specifying the types, objects, contents and related responsibilities of issuing invoices on their behalf. Chapter iv issuance and storage of invoices article 22 under the special circumstances mentioned in article 18 of the measures, the payer shall issue invoices to the payee,Refers to the following situations: (1) when the acquisition unit and withholding agent pay personal money; (2) State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China believes that other invoices need to be issued by the payer to the payee. Twenty-third retail small commodities to consumers or provide sporadic services, whether it can be exempted from issuing invoices one by one, is determined by the provincial tax bureau. Twenty-fourth units and individuals who fill out invoices must issue invoices when business operations are confirmed. No invoices are allowed without business. Article 25 The amount stipulated in Article 19 of the Measures shall not be changed, including the unit price and quantity involved in the calculation of the amount. Article 26 After the paper invoice is issued, in case of sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, etc., if it is necessary to void the invoice, the original invoice shall be recovered and marked with the word "void" to void the invoice. If it is necessary to issue a red-ink invoice after issuing a paper invoice, such as sales return, wrong invoicing, suspension of taxable services, sales discount, etc., it shall withdraw all the original invoices and indicate the word "red-ink" before issuing a red-ink invoice. If all copies of the original invoice cannot be recovered, a red-ink invoice shall be issued after obtaining the valid certificate of the other party. Twenty-seventh after the issuance of electronic invoices, if sales are returned, invoicing is wrong, taxable services are suspended, sales are discounted, etc., red-ink invoices shall be issued in accordance with regulations. Article 28 When issuing invoices, units and individuals shall fill in complete items and true contents.Paper invoices shall be filled out in the order of invoice numbers, with clear handwriting, all printed in one copy, and the contents are completely consistent, and the invoice and deduction copies shall be stamped with the special invoice seal. Article 29 The term "inconsistent with the actual business situation" as mentioned in Article 21 of the Measures refers to one of the following acts: (1) Issuing or obtaining invoices without buying or selling goods, providing or receiving services or engaging in other business activities; (2) buying and selling commodities, providing or accepting services, and engaging in other business activities, but the buyer, seller, commodity name, business items, and amount specified in the invoices issued or obtained are inconsistent with the actual situation. Article 30 Invoices shall be issued in Chinese. National autonomous areas can use a national language commonly used in the local area at the same time. Article 31 Units and individuals providing services such as collecting and issuing invoices to clients shall be subject to the supervision of the tax authorities, and the maximum amount of invoice data stored shall comply with the provisions of the tax authorities. Article 32 Where an electronic invoice information system is developed to provide tax-related services such as query, download, storage and use of invoice data for others, it shall comply with the data standards and management regulations of the tax authorities, and sign an agreement with the client, and shall not use invoice data beyond the authorized scope. Thirty-third "measures" mentioned in article twenty-fifth of the provisions of the use of the region refers to the State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China and the provincial tax bureau of the region. Article 34 The term "identity verification" as mentioned in Article 26 of the Measures refers to that when units and individuals collect, issue and issue invoices on their behalf,The agent shall pay taxes in real name. Thirty-fifth units and individuals that use paper invoices shall properly keep the invoices. When the invoice is lost, it shall be reported to the tax authorities in writing on the day when the loss is found. Chapter V Inspection of Invoices Article 36 During the inspection of invoices, the tax authorities may extract, transfer, consult and copy the invoice data. Thirty-seventh "measures" mentioned in Article 31 of the invoice for the ticket is limited to use in the county (city). When it is necessary to transfer invoices from other counties (cities) for inspection, it shall be submitted to the tax authorities of the county (city) for receipt of invoices. Thirty-eighth units and individuals who use tickets have the right to apply to the tax authorities to identify the authenticity of invoices. The tax authorities that receive the application shall accept and be responsible for identifying the authenticity of the invoice; If it is difficult to identify, it may be submitted to the tax authorities under invoice supervision for assistance in identification. Invoices seized at the scene of forgery or alteration, as well as at the place of sale and storage, shall be identified by the local tax authorities. Chapter VI Penalties Article 39 If the tax authorities punish acts that violate the laws and regulations on invoice management according to law, it shall be decided by the tax authorities at or above the county level; A fine of less than 2000 yuan may be decided by the tax office. Article 40 The use of other vouchers instead of invoices as stipulated in Item 6 of Article 33 of the Measures includes: (1) invoices should be issued but invoices are not issued, and other vouchers are used instead of invoices; (2) The invoices should be obtained but not obtained, and other vouchers other than invoices or self-made vouchers are used for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement;(three) to obtain invoices that do not meet the requirements for tax deduction, export tax rebate, pre-tax deduction and financial reimbursement. Those who evade paying taxes, defraud export tax rebates or falsely issue invoices shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tax Collection and Management Law and the Measures. Article 41 The term "announcement" as mentioned in Article 38 of the Measures means that the tax authorities shall announce the taxpayer’s illegal invoices in tax places or news media such as radio, television, newspapers, periodicals and the Internet. The contents of the announcement include: the name of the taxpayer, the unified social credit code or the taxpayer identification number, the place of business, and the specific circumstances of violating the invoice management regulations. Article 42 If a violation of the invoice management regulations is serious enough to constitute a crime, the tax authorities shall transfer it to judicial organs for handling according to law. Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions Article 43 The tax bureaus of cities under separate state planning shall do a good job in invoice management with reference to the responsibilities of the tax bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the Measures.

You should have noticed that most self-media accounts have a "small tail" behind them, which shows a place name. Yes, this is the "IP Territorial" function that major platforms have launched in recent days, and users can’t turn off the display on their own.

The appearance of this function directly made some "keyboard men" shrink their hands, and also made some accounts claiming to be overseas show their "prototype". However, many people have doubts about this function, and others are worried that it will reveal privacy and leave security risks. Don’t worry, let’s discuss these problems below.

Tik Tok’s "XX in Japan" shows that the IP belongs to Henan (the picture comes from the network).

What is IP territory?

First of all, we should understand what IP is. IP is the abbreviation of Internet Protocol, which means Internet Protocol. And now we often say IP, which is actually the abbreviation of "IP address", and IP address is the Internet protocol address. Simply put, this is a concept on the network, which represents the network address of a device.

IP is also divided into public network and intranet. The so-called public network IP is the Internet, the largest network system in the world. Everyone can locate it directly according to this IP and has a unique identity. Intranet IP refers to the unique identity in a local area network (such as schools and companies).

Public IP is not available for every device, because public IP is a scarce resource. At present, IPV4 protocol is widely used, and IPV4 can provide about 4.29 billion IP addresses at most, which has become increasingly insufficient after so many years. IPV6 is still gaining popularity.

So how are these IP addresses allocated? The IP of public network is allocated by network operators, that is, telecommunications, mobile, China Unicom and so on. Intranet IP can be assigned by the administrator of the local area network (or set a dynamic allocation rule). When we are in school, we use our mobile phone to connect to the school’s WIFI, and at this time we will be assigned an intranet IP of a mobile phone. Computers on the Internet can be determined by public IP+ intranet IP.

Then, IP territory is not difficult to understand. Based on our use of the network, all internet devices will be assigned an IP address, no matter what kind of IP address has a home, that is, IP home.　

Niu Kai, a professor at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, told the media that IP territory is actually the geographical location information of the data packet generation place. If it is sent by desktop or laptop, it is the location of these devices. If it is sent by mobile phone, it is the location information of the mobile phone. In the equipment on the operator’s network side, this IP attribution information always exists and can be easily extracted. Now it is just displayed on the social network platform.

Can IP territory reflect the user’s location? Experts said that displaying IP attribution belongs to the communication core network technology, which is mainly based on DNS server (domain name system or domain name service) to extract IP address when domain name resolution is carried out. This technology is very mature. For a long time, display IP has not been widely used in social networks in China, but it has been widely used in many social networking platforms abroad.

At present, the ways of judging the IP territories of various platforms are basically the same. Sina Weibo judges the region by the IP territories of users who recently sent Weibo, comments and votes; Tik Tok and Today’s headlines are judged according to the IP address of the user’s last post or comment.

Does it reveal privacy and leave security risks?

Many users are worried that whether the platform displays the user’s "IP territory" will infringe on personal privacy? In fact, considering privacy protection, more specific geographical information will not be displayed when it is displayed in provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions and special administrative regions) and abroad to countries (regions).

IP territories will not display specific geographical location information (Source: Computer News)

Moreover, the concept and extension of user’s "IP territory" and "IP address" are different. Domestically, the former refers to the attribution of users’ IP, that is, the province to which IP operators belong, involving a huge number of users, ranging from millions to tens of millions, to nearly 100 million; The latter is the corresponding user equipment terminal, which is exclusively owned by individuals. If the complete IP address is displayed, the specific location of the user can be found through technical means, which will lead to invasion of privacy.

In an interview with the media, Wu Shen Kuo, assistant dean of the Internet Development Research Institute of Beijing Normal University and deputy director of the internet society of china Research Center, said that there are two points to consider: First, the granularity of IP territorial information is not enough to directly push individuals to specific identities through provinces, and the recognition rate is still relatively weak. Second, IP territorial information refers to the location of network access equipment rather than the non-human location.

Therefore, under normal circumstances, there is no need to worry that showing the user’s "IP territory" will reveal personal privacy.

Can IP territory be changed? Yes, there are risks.

In fact, the function of displaying IP territories is also easy to evade. Theoretically, IP can be displayed anywhere by using a proxy server. From this, the "black-gray" industry of paid IP proxy is derived, and information such as "the lowest 6 yuan can be changed" and "6-8 yuan has the desired IP address" appears in the network.　

The criminals’ IP address change is based on dynamic IP proxy service, which is an internet access service that can change the login IP address in different regions of China. Experts explained that the so-called dynamic IP proxy service is actually to provide a temporary server and use the server’s IP instead of the real IP for data interaction.　

In fact, the reason is very simple, that is, visitors do not take their original address to surf the Internet, but visit the proxy server to surf the Internet, so as to send back what they downloaded online. This is equivalent to using the server to build a bridge in the middle, which shows the address of the proxy server. "VPN (Virtual Private Network), which is commonly used by people, is the most common proxy method.　

"In many cases, normal network communication also needs proxy servers, and the organizational structure of the Internet allows for proxy, so from a technical point of view, IP proxy cannot be completely banned." Niu Kai said that only technical monitoring and administrative supervision can be taken to strengthen the supervision of proxy service providers, monitor the data flow of network communication, and investigate and deal with illegal IP proxy behaviors.　

Experts also reminded that it is necessary to be alert to the risks of IP agents. If some behaviors of proxy IP are recognized by the network platform, there is a risk of being blocked. In addition, if the IP proxy is unreliable, there may be problems such as fraudulent number theft, theft of financial accounts, and privacy disclosure.

Although it is easy to modify IP territorial information, it is of great significance for social platforms to display IP territorial information. Undoubtedly, it takes a certain cost to modify IP territorial information, and not everyone is willing to change it.

Why do you want to show IP territories?

As early as March this year, Weibo, a self-media platform, announced that in order to reduce bad behaviors such as pretending to be a party to a hot event, malicious rumors, and rubbing traffic, it would go online to publicly display the new function of users’ "IP dependency". Recently, Tik Tok, Today’s Headline, WeChat and other major platforms have given similar reasons in their announcements showing IP territories.

In the digital age, there are many network platforms and everyone has a microphone. Whenever there is a sudden hot news event at home and abroad, there is a lot of noise in the online public opinion field, and everyone is like a "news spokesperson." However, it goes without saying that there are many people who are afraid of public opinion. They either fish in troubled waters and rub the flow, or have ulterior motives, or make false rumors out of nothing, or engage in "regional blackness" with ulterior motives … All these have seriously disrupted the order of network information dissemination.

In order to purify cyberspace and maintain the order of online speech, relevant state departments have introduced a series of measures, including real-name registration system. On this basis, in 2021, the National Network Information Office issued the "Regulations on the Management of Internet User Account Name Information (Draft for Comment)". Article 12 clearly stated that the Internet user account service platform should display the account IP address territorial information on the Internet user account information page in a prominent way. The IP address territorial information of domestic Internet users’ accounts needs to be marked to provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the IP address territorial information of overseas accounts needs to be marked to countries (regions).

It is obviously a response that the major platforms display the new functions of users’ "IP territories" online. Facts have proved that the function has achieved remarkable results after it went online. Objectively speaking, although they are all real names in the background, in the past, information was published anonymously, such as cyber violence, which was difficult for ordinary netizens to verify, and some unscrupulous keyboard men appeared. Displaying the IP address will have a deterrent effect on such users.

Compared with the previous Internet, the modern Internet has undergone a fundamental change. In the early days, the Internet belonged to the virtual world, and it was more of an entertainment attribute. Now, with the blessing of e-commerce platform, electronic payment, e-government and other applications, the Internet has developed into a part of social life and belongs to infrastructure. Just like the phrase we often hear, "The Internet is not a place of extra-legality", it is the general trend to maintain network order through various measures and means.

(The content of this article is integrated with Yangguang. com, Voice of China, Red Net, and a program, etc.)

Source: Beijing Science and Technology News Agency