标签归档 杭州后花园论坛

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) is a political party that attaches great importance to theoretical construction and is full of the spirit of theoretical creation. Listening to the voice of the times, reflecting the requirements of practice and writing a new chapter of great thoughts are important magic weapons for the party to unite and lead the people from victory to victory. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China summarized the theoretical innovation achievements of the Party since the 18th National Congress as Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, which realized the Party’s guiding ideology to keep pace with the times again. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the latest achievement of Marxism in China, the crystallization of the practical experience and collective wisdom of the Party and the people, an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theoretical system, and an action guide for the whole party and the people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　First, the latest achievements of Marxism in China

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s 96-year history is a history of Marxism in China. The study of the sinicization of Marxism in China is to stand at the forefront of the times and combine Marxism with China’s national conditions. Since the reform and opening-up, upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics has become a distinct theme in all the theories and practices of our Party. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a great article, and Comrade Deng Xiaoping has defined the basic ideas and principles for it. The third generation of the party’s central leading collective with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the core and the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as the general secretary have written wonderful chapters in this great article. Now, the task of our generation of communist party people is to continue to write this big article. "

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the development of China has stood in a new historical position in the pulse of the increasingly strong and rapid pace of the times. The situation at home and abroad is undergoing profound and complex changes, and some features have never been seen before. The global politics and economy are deeply blended and the problems are disputed. The complexity of relations among countries, economies and social organizations in the world was unimaginable in the 19th and 20th centuries. At the same time, the progress of modern science and technology, especially the information technology represented by the Internet, promotes the profound transformation of social form and social development mode, and new organizational forms, new production forms, new consumption forms and even new relationships between people, people and society, and people and nature are constantly emerging. More importantly, Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s miracle of practice and the spread of endogenous contradictions in western capitalism intensified, which made the rule of China in sharp contrast with the chaos in the West. The financial crisis, the refugee problem and more and more "black swan" incidents in the west have declared the bankruptcy of the final conclusion of history. Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s practice of "the scenery is unique here" fully demonstrates Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence.

　　The historical orientation of contemporary China’s development is also facing a major transformation. After more than 60 years, especially more than 30 years of reform and opening up, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength and comprehensive national strength have entered the forefront of the world, and China’s international status has achieved unprecedented improvement. The face of the party, the face of the country, the face of the people, the face of the army and the face of the Chinese nation have undergone unprecedented changes, and the Chinese nation is standing in the east of the world with a brand-new attitude.

　　It is based on the profound insight into the characteristics of the 21st century era and the scientific judgment of the development orientation of contemporary China that the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core constantly develops and innovates Marxism on the basis of unswervingly adhering to Marxism. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era outlines the bright future of China and Marxism in the 21st century with a grand strategic vision, answers the issues and practical challenges faced by the new generation of Marxists with scientific theoretical logic, and systematically answers "What kind of Socialism with Chinese characteristics should be adhered to and developed in the new era and how to adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics". With its profound summary of historical experience, profound revelation of historical laws, in-depth analysis of practical problems and in-depth thinking on future development, it has become the latest achievement of China-oriented Marxism.

　　Second, an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theoretical system

　　Upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the solemn mission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people and the solemn commitment of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people to China people. At the same time, it is a long-term and arduous historical task, and it is a new road that predecessors have never walked or even described in detail. The fundamental question of what kind of socialism to build and how to build socialism has long been solved, but it is far from finished. To accomplish our mission and fulfill our promises, we must be brave in practice, change and innovation, focus on the practical problems of China’s reform, opening up and modernization, focus on what we are doing, focus on the application of Marxist theory, focus on theoretical thinking on practical problems, and focus on new practice and development.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the changes in domestic and international situations and the development of various undertakings in China have put forward a major task of the times, which is to systematically answer what kind of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and how to adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era from the combination of theory and practice. Focusing on this major issue of the times, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adheres to the guidance of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development, persists in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, seeking truth and being pragmatic, persisting in dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and closely combining the new conditions of the times and practical requirements. With a brand-new vision, he deepened his understanding of communist party’s ruling laws, socialist construction laws and the development laws of human society, made arduous theoretical explorations, made great theoretical innovations, and formed the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought.

　　The most important and core content of this thought is the "eight explicits" summarized in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: clearly upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, with the overall task of realizing socialist modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and building a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modernization power in the middle of this century in two steps on the basis of building a well-off society in an all-round way; It is clear that the main contradiction in our society in the new era is the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. We must adhere to the people-centered development thought and constantly promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people. It is clear that the overall layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s career is "five in one" and the strategic layout is "four comprehensive", emphasizing firm road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence; It is clear that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity; It is clear that the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is to build a legal system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country ruled by law; It is clear that the party’s goal of strengthening the army in the new era is to build a people’s army that listens to the party’s command, can win battles and has a good style of work, and build the people’s army into a world-class army; It is clear that the diplomacy of a big country with China characteristics should promote the construction of new international relations and the building of a community of human destiny; It is clear that the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership.The greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership, and the Party is the highest political leading force. This paper puts forward the general requirements for Party building in the new era and highlights the important position of political construction in Party building.

　　These "eight explicits" clearly and concisely explain the main contents of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and constitute a scientific system with complete system, strict logic and internal unity.

　　Iii. A guide to action for the whole Party and the people of the whole country to strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The sinicization of Marxism is to use the "vector" of Marxism to shoot the "target" of China and solve the practical problems in China. With Socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era, China’s social productivity level has improved significantly, and its social productivity has entered the forefront of the world in many aspects. The Chinese nation is standing in the east of the world with a brand-new attitude.

　　As Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out in those years, "the problems after development are no less than when they are not developed", and may even be more complicated and intractable. For example, entering the new normal of economic development means that the well-used methods that we have been familiar with in the past may no longer work and can no longer be used. It is not only impossible to achieve effective development but also bring severe economic problems, environmental problems and even social and political problems. For example, when the reform entered the critical period and the deep water area, all the delicious meat was eaten, and the rest were hard bones. To deepen the reform in an all-round way, we must resolutely get rid of all the outdated ideological concepts and institutional mechanisms and break through the barriers of solidification of interests; For example, the "four major tests" faced by the party are long-term and complicated, and the "four dangers" faced are sharp and severe, and so on. These are all new and difficult problems before the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　How to effectively cope with major challenges, resist major risks, overcome major obstacles and resolve major contradictions, and push Socialism with Chinese characteristics forward in the new era requires that there should be a strategy to follow, a program of action, and the new practice should be based on the economy, politics, the rule of law, science and technology, culture, education, people’s livelihood, nationality, religion, society, ecological civilization, national security, national defense and the army, "one country, two systems" and the motherland. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the basic strategy of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era around the implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and summarized it as "14 Persistences". Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is an expression of the guiding ideology, which is called the basic strategy of Socialism with Chinese characteristics at the level of the action program.

　　The basic strategy not only embodies the core, key and most important content of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era in the overall framework, but also embodies the overall grasp of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s law in the new era. For example, it fully embodies Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s "five in one" overall layout and "four comprehensive" strategic layout. For example, it is emphasized that "development must be scientific development, and we must unswervingly implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing" and "we must uphold and improve China’s socialist basic economic system and distribution system". For example, it emphasizes that "the Party is the leader in everything, east, west, north and south", and requires the whole party to strengthen the "four consciousnesses", consciously safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership, consciously maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee in ideological and political actions, improve the system and mechanism of adhering to the party’s leadership, improve the party’s ability and determination to take the direction, seek the overall situation, formulate policies and promote reform, and ensure that the party always takes the overall situation and coordinates all parties. For example, it is profoundly clarified that "the people are the creators of history and the fundamental force that determines the future and destiny of the party and the country" and that "improving people’s livelihood and well-being is the fundamental purpose of development", which profoundly shows our party’s political stance, relying on strength and development purposes in governing the country, and so on.

　　In short, the basic strategy embodies the achievements of our party’s theoretical innovation, practical innovation and institutional innovation since the 18th National Congress, and it is the party’s ideological, strategic, forward-looking and guiding action program in the new era. We must fully implement the party’s basic theory, basic line and basic strategy to better lead the development of the party and the people.

　　(Author: Xin Ming, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System Research Center of the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China)

　　In order to further optimize the management of development and construction of photovoltaic power plants and promote the sustained and high-quality development of photovoltaic power generation industry, the National Energy Administration organized relevant units to revise and form the Management Measures for Development and Construction of Photovoltaic Power Plants (Draft for Comment) on the basis of the Interim Measures for Project Management of Photovoltaic Power Plants. It is now open to the public for comments, and the time for comments is from November 26 to December 25, 2021. Relevant units and people from all walks of life are welcome to put forward valuable opinions and suggestions, and feedback them to the New Energy Department of the National Energy Administration by email or fax.

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　　Measures for the Administration of Development and Construction of Photovoltaic Power Plants

　　(Draft for Comment)

　　Chapter I General Principles

　　Article 1 In order to optimize the development and construction management of photovoltaic power plants, ensure the clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient operation of photovoltaic power plants and power systems, and promote the sustained and healthy development of photovoltaic power generation industry, relevant laws and regulations such as the Renewable Energy Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Electricity Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Regulations on the Administration of Approval and Filing of Enterprise Investment Projects, the Electricity Regulatory Regulations, Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Healthy Development of Photovoltaic Industry, and the Measures for the Administration of Approval and Filing of Enterprise Investment Projects are implemented.

　　Article 2 These Measures shall apply to the management of centralized photovoltaic power plants for the construction and operation of public power sources.

　　Article 3 The development and construction management of photovoltaic power plants includes planning and the guidance of the responsibility weight of renewable energy consumption, the determination of the annual development and construction plan, project management, power grid access, operation monitoring and market supervision, technical quality management and safety supervision.

　　Article 4 The National Energy Administration shall be responsible for the supervision and management of the development, construction and operation of photovoltaic power stations nationwide. Under the guidance of the National Energy Administration, the provincial energy authorities are responsible for the supervision and management of the development, construction and operation of photovoltaic power plants in the region. The agencies dispatched by the National Energy Administration are responsible for the supervision and safety supervision and management of fair grid connection, power consumption, timely and full settlement of photovoltaic power stations within their jurisdiction. The National Energy Administration entrusts the National Renewable Energy Information Management Center to undertake the technical management and service of photovoltaic power station construction and operation. Power grid enterprises undertake the implementation of grid-connected conditions of photovoltaic power plants, grid access, optimization of dispatching capacity, etc., and cooperate with the energy authorities to analyze and calculate the conditions of grid consumption and access and delivery in the region.

　　Chapter II Planning and Responsibility Weight Guidance of Renewable Energy Consumption

　　Article 5 The National Energy Administration shall formulate the national renewable energy development plan and determine the overall goal and major layout of the development and construction of national photovoltaic power plants.

　　Article 6 The national energy administrative department shall establish and strengthen the responsibility weight mechanism for the consumption of renewable energy power according to the relevant objectives proposed in the renewable energy planning and the principle of shared responsibility, and publish the provincial weights in a rolling way at the beginning of each year, and at the same time publish the responsibility weights for consumption in the current year and the following year. The current year’s weights are binding indicators, and the provinces are assessed according to them, and the next year’s weights are expected indicators.

　　Chapter III Determining the Annual Development and Construction Plan

　　Article 7 The provincial department in charge of energy shall be responsible for the linkage between the renewable energy development plan of this province (autonomous region or municipality) and the national renewable energy development plan, reasonably determine the annual development and construction plan of photovoltaic power station according to the renewable energy plan of this province (autonomous region or municipality), the responsibility weight of non-hydropower renewable energy power consumption, and the consumption and access conditions of power grids in the region, and in principle announce it to the public before the end of June each year. According to the national requirements, the annual development and construction plan of photovoltaic power station can be divided into the guaranteed grid-connected scale and the market-connected scale. All localities determine the affordable grid-connected projects or market-oriented grid-connected projects in batches, and disclose the relevant information to the public in a timely manner. For projects that are not included in the annual development and construction plan of photovoltaic power plants, the power grid company will not handle the power grid access procedures. Encourage the competent energy departments at all levels to adopt the management method of project library and do a good job in photovoltaic power station project reserve.

　　Eighth affordable grid-connected projects are encouraged to be determined by the provincial energy authorities through competitive allocation, and the grid enterprises guarantee the grid connection. Market-oriented grid-connected projects are implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and power grid enterprises cooperate with provincial energy authorities to implement grid-connected conditions through self-construction, joint construction, sharing or purchase of services.

　　Article 9 The measures for competitive allocation of photovoltaic power plants in each province and the annual development and construction plan shall be reported to the national energy authorities for the record. Energy departments at all levels should optimize the business environment, standardize the order of development and construction, and must not take supporting industries as the threshold of project development and construction.

　　Chapter IV Project Management

　　Tenth photovoltaic power station project units should do a good job in planning and site selection, resource evaluation, construction conditions demonstration, market demand analysis and other preparatory work before the start of the project, focusing on the implementation of photovoltaic power station project power delivery conditions and consumption market.

　　Eleventh photovoltaic power plant projects in accordance with the "Regulations" and "Measures for the Administration of Approval and Filing of Enterprise Investment Projects" the relevant provisions of the record management. Provinces can formulate measures for the administration of project filing within their respective administrative areas, and clarify the filing authorities and their authority as well as the validity period of filing. The filing organ and its staff shall file the project according to law, and shall not increase or decrease the examination conditions without authorization, and shall not exceed the time limit for handling. The filing organ shall strengthen the post-event supervision of photovoltaic power plants.

　　Twelfth photovoltaic power station after the completion of the project for the record, we should pay close attention to the implementation of various construction conditions. If the record has been completed and incorporated into the annual development and construction plan, the construction can be started only after completing all the construction procedures required by relevant laws and regulations, and the power grid enterprises should make a good connection with the supporting power transmission project.

　　Article 13 The photovoltaic power station project unit is responsible for the construction and operation of the power station, and is the main body responsible for the safety production of the photovoltaic power station. It is necessary to implement the national and industrial regulations on the safety production management, strengthen the safety production management in the whole process of the construction and operation of the photovoltaic power station according to law, increase the investment guarantee for safety production, and improve the safety production conditions.

　　Fourteenth for all kinds of stock projects should be completed and put into production within the prescribed time limit. For projects that are not built for a long time beyond the validity period of the record, the provincial energy authorities should promptly organize clean-up, and those that do not have the construction conditions should be abolished in time.

　　Chapter V Power Grid Access Management

　　Fifteenth photovoltaic power station supporting power delivery project should be coordinated with the construction of photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic power station project unit is responsible for investing in the construction of the collector line and booster station project in the project site, and in principle, the power grid enterprise is responsible for investing in the construction of the supporting power transmission project outside the project site. The provincial energy authorities are responsible for coordination.

　　Sixteenth new energy supporting projects that are difficult for power grid enterprises to build or have mismatched planning and construction schedules are allowed to be invested and built by power generation enterprises. The supporting delivery project of power generation enterprise construction should be fully demonstrated, which can be jointly built by many enterprises, or built by one enterprise and shared by many enterprises. The new energy supporting projects built by power generation enterprises can be repurchased by power grid enterprises in accordance with the law and regulations at an appropriate time after consultation between power grid enterprises and power generation enterprises.

　　Article 17 Power grid enterprises shall, according to the overall goal of the national development and construction of photovoltaic power plants, the planning and annual development and construction plans of photovoltaic power plants in various regions, make overall plans for the planning and construction of supporting power grids for photovoltaic power plants, and adopt advanced technologies such as smart grids as needed to improve the capacity of power grids to accept photovoltaic power generation. Energy authorities at all levels are responsible for bringing power grid projects into the corresponding power planning.

　　Article 18 Power grid enterprises shall, in accordance with the principles of active service, simplicity and high efficiency, establish and improve the procedures for grid connection audit and service of photovoltaic power station projects. After the project unit applies for the review of the design report of the access system, the power grid enterprise shall issue a written reply within 40 working days for the project with the voltage level of the access system of 500 kV and above; For the project with the voltage level of the access system of 110 (66) ~ 220 (330) kV, the power grid enterprise shall issue a written reply within 30 working days; For the project with the voltage level of the access system of 35 kV and below, the power grid enterprise shall issue a written reply within 20 working days. For projects that do not have access conditions, the reasons should be explained. Encourage power grid enterprises to promote the "new energy cloud" platform and serve new power systems with new energy as the main body.

　　Nineteenth power grid enterprises should improve the efficiency of related work of supporting power grid projects of photovoltaic power plants, so as to ensure that the supporting power delivery project and photovoltaic power plant projects are simultaneously constructed and put into operation. Ensure that the affordable grid-connected and market-oriented grid-connected projects included in the annual development and construction plan should be "combined" and no additional conditions should be attached.

　　Article 20 Power grid enterprises shall, in conjunction with the National Monitoring and Early Warning Center for New Energy Consumption, timely announce the consumption situation and forecast analysis of the provincial-level regions, and guide rational investment and orderly construction. Provincial power grid enterprises should coordinate, supervise and correct the problems reflected by the project units in a timely manner. After photovoltaic power plants are connected to the grid, provincial power grid enterprises should grasp the situation in time and submit relevant information to the provincial energy authorities on a monthly basis.

　　Article 21 Photovoltaic power plant projects shall conform to the national technical standards for photovoltaic power plant access to the power grid, and the capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation system shall not be higher than 1.8:1. Network-related equipment must be tested and certified by a nationally recognized testing and certification institution, and power grid enterprises shall not require repeated testing for equipment that has passed the testing and certification.

　　Article 22 A power grid enterprise shall, within 15 working days after the project unit submits the application for grid-connected debugging, cooperate with the grid-connected debugging and completion acceptance of the grid-connected equipment and power delivery project of photovoltaic power station, and sign a grid-connected dispatching agreement and a power purchase and sale contract with the project unit.

　　Twenty-third power grid enterprises should take systematic technical measures to improve the scheduling technology system for grid-connected operation of photovoltaic power plants, ensure the safe and efficient grid-connected operation of photovoltaic power plants in accordance with relevant regulations, and ensure the reasonable utilization rate of photovoltaic power plants.

　　Chapter VI Operation Monitoring and Market Supervision

　　Twenty-fourth provincial energy departments under the guidance of the National Energy Administration, strengthen the supervision and management of photovoltaic power plant construction quality and operation supervision. According to the actual situation of construction and operation, the National Energy Administration will improve the system of industry policies, norms and standards in a timely manner.

　　Article 25 After the completion of the main project and the supporting power delivery project, the project unit shall timely organize the project completion acceptance, and submit the completion acceptance report to the project filing authority, and send a copy to the National Renewable Energy Information Management Center.

　　Article 26 The National Energy Administration shall timely organize or entrust industry associations and qualified consulting institutions to conduct post-evaluation on the construction and operation of key photovoltaic power station projects and pilot and demonstration projects that have passed the completion acceptance and put into operation for more than one year according to relevant technical regulations, as an important basis for improving industry policies, norms and standards. The project unit shall make necessary improvements to the project facilities and operation management according to the evaluation report.

　　Twenty-seventh National Energy Administration relies on the national renewable energy project information system to carry out the whole process information monitoring of the project. The provincial department in charge of energy shall urge the project unit to submit relevant information to the National Renewable Energy Information Management Center in accordance with relevant requirements.

　　Article 28 In case of power accidents, power safety incidents and information safety incidents during the construction and operation of photovoltaic power plants, the project units and relevant contractors shall report to the superior competent units, relevant agencies of the National Energy Administration and relevant local government power management departments in accordance with relevant regulations and requirements.

　　Twenty-ninth photovoltaic power plant demolition, equipment recycling and reuse, should comply with the relevant policies of the national resource recycling, and shall not cause environmental damage and pollution, and encourage project units to create convenient conditions for equipment recycling and reuse.

　　Thirtieth provincial energy authorities may, in accordance with these measures, formulate specific management measures to adapt to the actual situation of this province (autonomous regions and municipalities). The agency of the National Energy Administration shall, in accordance with these measures, do a good job in the supervision of fair grid connection, power consumption and timely and full settlement of photovoltaic power stations.

　　Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 31 These Measures shall be interpreted by the National Energy Administration.

　　Article 32 These Measures shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation.