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Personalized learning "find yourself you want" and "be the best yourself"

  Teachers and students in the school maker center jointly study. Photo by Zheng Sanhe

  Founded in 1989, Beilun Middle School in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province is a young and energetic ordinary high school. The school has refined the concept of "people-oriented, adaptive development" to meet students’ diverse and personalized learning needs, so that every student can "find what he wants" and "become the best himself".

  People-oriented, Create Characteristic Curriculum

  Facing the new situation and new requirements, the school has built a high school curriculum system of "infiltrating humanities and cultivating science" on the original basis, and created a number of characteristic core courses with rich characteristics and great potential. The so-called "characteristic curriculum" is not only rooted in the existing conditions of the school, but also based on the internal needs of students, and it must face the future development direction. After careful design, a number of characteristic courses, such as robot education and mathematical modeling, emerged as the times require and became the window of school curriculum reform.

  Entering the Robot Maker Center, the competition venue, honor exhibition area, robot building room, robot programming room and other areas are refreshing. Multi-functional subject laboratories can be used for robot course teaching, community activities, competition training and other activities. Since its establishment, Maker Center has been adhering to the concept of "STEAM Education", aiming at improving students’ interest in science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics, and improving students’ teamwork and problem-solving ability by promoting robot education. The school has trained specialized talents by offering "DIY (Do-it-yourself Robot)" elective course, carrying out robot club activities, participating in robot competitions, etc., and many talented students have emerged in mechanical design, program design, operation control, etc., and have achieved excellent results in various competitions at all levels. More importantly, the award-winning students discovered their self-worth through robot education and established their professional ideals.

  The school takes innovative laboratories and subject classrooms as carriers to promote the construction of subject-specific courses, and constructs subject-centered characteristic courses that run through compulsory and elective courses, thus forming its own school-running characteristics. VEX (Robot World Championship) robot, programming, mathematical modeling, NS (local storm) street dance and other characteristic courses have been loved and recognized by more and more students from scratch, effectively promoting the development of students’ personal introspection intelligence and interpersonal intelligence.

  Establish a school with excellent teachers and build a teaching and research community

  In order to promote the development of school teachers, and strive to build a team of high-quality teachers with international vision, domestic leadership, noble ethics and exquisite business, the school has implemented three training projects of "blue", "backbone" and "Excellence" for teachers, and built a teaching and research community based on the trinity of individuals, teams and schools.

  The "Blue Project" is aimed at new teachers, and the school strives to give new teachers a "good start", gain a firm foothold and grow rapidly for a period of three years. Concentrate on learning once a week, or invite famous teachers inside and outside the school to present their opinions, or watch the demonstration class of famous teachers collectively, or discuss themselves around the theme. At the same time, each new teacher is equipped with dual tutors for teaching and class management, and the training hours stipulated by the new teachers are implemented, and the tutor responsibility system is implemented; Targeted professional competence plan will be carried out, and professional training and assessment will be organized by discipline teaching and research staff to comprehensively improve teachers’ classroom teaching ability and class management ability.

  Relying on the young teachers’ salon, the "backbone" project actively explores the superior resources in the school, integrates the potential strength of the team, conducts activities once a month, and simultaneously implements "please come in" and "go out". The Young Teachers Salon has set up a special secretariat to comprehensively improve the teaching ability of young and middle-aged teachers under the guidance of the Scientific Research Department, cultivate teachers’ sense of identity in education, optimize teaching design, teaching implementation and teaching evaluation, implement differentiated education according to students’ characteristics, and promote the reform of classroom teaching and learning methods by applying information technology.

  The "Excellence" project takes the famous teacher’s studio as a platform to enhance the leading role of the school’s famous teacher’s studio and famous teacher’s workplace. According to the working idea of "building a platform, sharing resources, pairing mentoring, integrating teaching and research, basing on the classroom and growing rapidly", focus on curriculum reform and educating people; Expand the educational vision of teachers, help them to concise, summarize and reflect on teaching experience, update teaching concepts and form teaching styles.

  On this basis, the school has continuously explored research approaches that are in line with the actual situation of the school and students, built a community of teaching, research and training, actively created brand disciplines at the city and district levels, improved the discipline construction ability, and promoted the discipline construction and teacher development of the school and even the whole region.

  Educating people with characteristics and establishing a home-school consortium

  The school has continuously deepened the "tutorial system for all students’ growth".

  Adhering to the educational philosophy of "caring for every student as much as possible, and making students succeed as much as possible", we strive for a training environment of "all teachers are mentors and all students are cared for" to maximize the overall quality of students. Emphasis is placed on the diversified, developmental and procedural evaluation of students, guiding teachers to actively participate in students’ learning process, and fully stimulating students’ active internal drive and subjective initiative in learning life.

  With the development of the times, it has become the consensus of modern education to strengthen the joint efforts of schools, families and society to educate students. The school has established the Parent Development College, actively exploring various forms of family education guidance, and promoting parents to form correct family education concepts and scientific family education methods. Aiming at the content of family education guidance, the school has set up a comprehensive teaching team to undertake the teaching work of the parents’ growth college. Psychological teachers are responsible for the guidance of family parent-child construction, emotional management, self-confidence, personality development and adolescent sex education; The class teacher undertakes the guidance of school life adaptation, academic self-planning and daily relationship handling; Excellent parents’ representatives shall provide guidance on legal knowledge, physical health knowledge, vocational education and future planning. The school actively provides all kinds of learning and training opportunities for teachers, regularly invites excellent family education experts to give lectures, organizes teachers to participate in seminars inside and outside the province, and conducts various forums, salons, online exchanges and other activities in the school to further improve the level of teachers.

  The Parents’ Development College carefully designed activities and improved the curriculum system, which was well received by parents. On the basis of offering regular courses, the School of Parent Development has developed a series of required salons entitled "Smart Parents, Youth and Health", covering how to establish a good relationship with children, actively pay attention to children’s needs, and communicate effectively with children. In view of the typical problems encountered in students’ growth, the Parents’ Development College has developed a variety of special salons, such as "Let go of the burden and do whatever you want — — How to help children face the pressure of study ""Goals and planning — — Stimulate children’s inner learning motivation ". All kinds of special salons form a "menu", which parents can choose independently according to their actual needs. The school has been awarded the pilot unit of the national youth health parent training program, the youth health education base of Zhejiang Family Planning Association, and the first-class psychological counseling station of primary and secondary schools in Zhejiang Province. As the position of the school’s family education guidance, the Parents’ Growth College provides an important guarantee for the school’s education and teaching, which better meets the educational needs of parents and creates a better educational ecology for the development of students.

  (The author is the principal of Beilun Middle School in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province)

Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development in Hunan Province in 2023

The year 2023 is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and it is also a year of economic recovery and development after three years of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19. The whole province adheres to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, thoroughly implements the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, conscientiously implements the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, anchors the beautiful blueprint of "three highs and four innovations", focuses on the primary task of high-quality development, deeply promotes "seeking to promote", and makes every effort to fight the "six battles of development". Throughout the year, the economy has made steady progress, improved quality in progress, made new progress in high-quality development, and strived to write Chinese modernization.

I. Synthesis

According to the unified accounting results of regional GDP, the annual regional GDP[2] 5001.29 billion yuan, up 4.6% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 462.13 billion yuan, an increase of 3.5%; The added value of the secondary industry was 1,882.28 billion yuan, an increase of 4.6%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 2,656.88 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8%. The per capita GDP was 75,938 yuan, an increase of 5.0%.

The tertiary industrial structure is 9.3: 37.6: 53.1. The industrial added value increased by 4.8% over the previous year, accounting for 29.1% of the regional GDP; The added value of high-tech industries increased by 8.9%, accounting for 22.8% of the regional GDP. The contribution rates of the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries to economic growth are 7.8%, 38.1% and 54.1% respectively. Among them, the contribution rate of industry to economic growth is 31.2%, and the contribution rate of producer services to economic growth is 25.7%.

Regionally, Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area[3]The GDP was 2,074.17 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9% over the previous year; The GDP of southern Hunan was 979.73 billion yuan, up by 4.9%. The GDP of western Hunan was 811.02 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8%. The GDP of Dongting Lake area was 1,136.37 billion yuan, up by 4.0%.

Second, agriculture

The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 819.94 billion yuan, an increase of 3.7% over the previous year. The grain planting area was 4,763.5 thousand hectares, a decrease of 2.0 thousand hectares. Among them, the area of summer grain is 113.3 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.7 thousand hectares or 0.6%; The area of early rice was 1,204.8 thousand hectares, a decrease of 8.0 thousand hectares or 0.7%; The area of autumn grain was 3,445.4 thousand hectares, an increase of 5.3 thousand hectares or 0.2%. Among the autumn grain areas, the area of middle rice and late rice in one season is 1481.7 thousand hectares, a decrease of 0.17 thousand hectares; The area of double-cropping late rice was 1260.5 thousand hectares, a decrease of 12.5 thousand hectares or 1.0%. The annual grain output was 30.68 million tons, an increase of 500,000 tons and an increase of 1.7%. Among them, the output of summer grain was 462,000 tons, an increase of 5,000 tons and an increase of 1.2%; The output of early rice was 7.432 million tons, an increase of 19,000 tons and an increase of 0.3%. The output of autumn grain was 22.787 million tons, an increase of 476,000 tons and an increase of 2.1%.

The annual cotton planting area was 55.9 thousand hectares, down 13.5% from the previous year; The planting area of sugar was 7.5 thousand hectares, down by 0.2%; The oil planting area was 1614.8 thousand hectares, an increase of 6.4%. The cotton output was 76,000 tons, a decrease of 7.6%; 2.931 million tons of oil, an increase of 5.8%; 217,000 tons of flue-cured tobacco, an increase of 11.3%; 276,000 tons of tea, an increase of 3.9%.

The total output of pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry was 5.797 million tons, an increase of 0.4% over the previous year. Among them, the pork output was 4.618 million tons, an increase of 0.9%; The beef output was 204,000 tons, down by 5.6%; The output of mutton was 169,000 tons, down by 7.1%; The output of poultry meat was 806,000 tons, up by 1.3%. At the end of the year, the number of live pigs was 38.613 million, down 6.2% from the end of last year, among which the number of fertile sows was 3.501 million, down 5.3%; The cattle population was 4.107 million, down by 7.0%; There are 7.528 million sheep on hand, down by 6.1%; There were 368.656 million poultry in cages, an increase of 1.5%. In the whole year, 62.863 million pigs were slaughtered, an increase of 0.6% over the previous year; Cattle slaughtered 1.714 million heads, down 6.4%; 10.182 million sheep were slaughtered, down by 7.6%; 558.578 million poultry were released, an increase of 1.2%. The output of poultry eggs was 1.196 million tons, an increase of 1.8%. The milk output was 78,000 tons, an increase of 8.3%; The output of aquatic products was 2.859 million tons, up by 4.9%.

3.45 million mu of high-standard farmland was built throughout the year. Among them, 1.75 million mu was newly built and 1.7 million mu was upgraded. 2362 water conservancy construction projects were started, with an investment of 63.51 billion yuan, and 260 million cubic meters of earth and stone were completed. Upgrade and transform 5790 kilometers of rural tourist roads, resource roads and industrial roads. At the end of the year, the total power of agricultural machinery was 68.402 million kilowatts, an increase of 0.9% over the end of the previous year.

III. Industry and Construction Industry

The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 5.1% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of private enterprises increased by 5.2%, accounting for 64.4% of industries above designated size. High-tech manufacturing[4]The added value increased by 3.7%, accounting for 13.5% of industries above designated size. equipment manufacturing industry[5]The added value increased by 8.9%, accounting for 31.5% of industries above designated size. The industrial added value of provincial and above industrial parks increased by 9.0%, accounting for 71.2% of industries above designated size. The added value of the six high energy-consuming industries increased by 7.2%, accounting for 31.3% of the industries above designated size. Regionally, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 7.1% in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, 7.1% in southern Hunan, 5.7% in western Hunan and 4.4% in Dongting Lake.

Among the main products of industrial statistics above designated size in the whole year, rice was 12.841 million tons, down 5.7% from the previous year; Feed was 18.326 million tons, down 2.7%; The processing volume of crude oil was 9.038 million tons, an increase of 9.1%; 82.859 million tons of cement, up by 1.3%; 28.908 million tons of steel, down 4.2%; Ten kinds of non-ferrous metals were 2.126 million tons, down by 7.4%; 32,000 concrete machinery, an increase of 7.6%; 953,000 cars, an increase of 4.6%; The power generation was 170.04 billion kWh, an increase of 0.8%.

Total profits of industrial enterprises above designated size[7]205.21 billion yuan, up 4.8% over the previous year. In terms of economic types, state-owned enterprises reached 18.84 billion yuan, an increase of 40.1%; 270 million yuan for collective enterprises, down 32.4%; Joint-stock cooperative enterprises reached 0.1 billion yuan, down 63.6%; Joint-stock enterprises reached 165.43 billion yuan, up by 2.7%; Foreign investors and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businessmen invested 14.87 billion yuan, down 4.2%; Other enterprises reached 5.80 billion yuan, an increase of 6.8%. Among the top five industries with total profits, the manufacturing of chemical raw materials and chemical products was 16.96 billion yuan, down by 7.6%; Computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry was 16.15 billion yuan, down by 10.2%; Tobacco products industry was 15.64 billion yuan, up by 18.4%; Non-metallic mineral products industry was 15.10 billion yuan, down by 1.6%; Electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry reached 11.69 billion yuan, up by 5.6%. The cost per 100 yuan of operating income of industrial enterprises above designated size is 82.16 yuan, and the profit rate of operating income is 5.22%. At the end of the year, the asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises above designated size was 52.7%.

The added value of the construction industry in the whole year was 427.71 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5% over the previous year. The total profit of general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with above qualifications was 37.60 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5%. The building construction area was 751.223 million square meters, down by 1.4%. The completed building area was 254.596 million square meters, an increase of 6.1%.

Fourth, the service industry

The added value of wholesale and retail industry in the whole year was 512.66 billion yuan, up by 6.1% over the previous year. The added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services was 198.43 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%; The added value of accommodation and catering industry was 109.80 billion yuan, an increase of 11.5%; The added value of the financial industry was 259.82 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8%; The added value of the real estate industry was 287.69 billion yuan, down by 1.9%; The added value of information transmission, software and information technology services was 131.86 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8%; The added value of leasing and business services was 170.50 billion yuan, up by 6.5%. The operating income of service enterprises above designated size increased by 9.4% and the total profit increased by 41.3%.

The annual turnover of passenger and cargo transportation was 405.84 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 15.6% over the previous year. The turnover of cargo transportation was 305.75 billion tons kilometers, up by 3.6%. Among them, the railway turnover was 101.54 billion tons kilometers, which was the same as that of the previous year; The highway turnover was 157.44 billion tons kilometers, up by 7.5%. Passenger transport turnover was 134.56 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 72.3%. Among them, the railway turnover was 96.78 billion person-kilometers, up by 79.6%; The highway turnover was 17.25 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 17.7%; The turnover of civil aviation was 20.33 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 116.5%.

At the end of the year, the mileage of highways was 243,000 kilometers, an increase of 0.2% over the end of last year. Among them, the expressway mileage was 7530 kilometers, an increase of 200 kilometers. The operating mileage of the railway is 6078.6 kilometers, which is the same as that of the previous year. Among them, the high-speed railway is 2501 kilometers. The number of civilian vehicles was 11.573 million, an increase of 4.6%. Among them, the number of private cars was 10.776 million, an increase of 4.5%. The number of civilian cars was 6.454 million, an increase of 5.8%.

Total business volume of postal industry in the whole year[8]40.27 billion standard quantity, an increase of 22.7% over the previous year; Total telecom service[9]72.13 billion yuan, up 22.5%. At the end of the year, there were 5.487 million fixed-line users, the same as the previous year; There were 76.803 million mobile phone users, an increase of 7.0%. By the end of the year, there were 27.441 million Internet broadband users, an increase of 10.9%.

The number of domestic tourists was 660 million, an increase of 51.1% over the previous year; The number of inbound tourists was 1.121 million, an increase of 13.5 times. The total tourism revenue was 956.52 billion yuan, an increase of 47.4%. Among them, domestic tourism revenue was 954.51 billion yuan, an increase of 47.2%; The income from inbound tourism was $290 million, an increase of 11.8 times.

V. Investment in fixed assets

Annual investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) decreased by 3.1% compared with the previous year. Among them, private investment increased by 0.8%. In terms of economic types, state-owned investment decreased by 7.3% and non-state-owned investment decreased by 1.9%. In terms of investment direction, investment in people’s livelihood projects decreased by 4.5%, investment in ecological environment decreased by 8.6%, investment in infrastructure decreased by 16.1%, and investment in high-tech industries decreased.[10]It increased by 4.0%, and the investment in industrial technological transformation decreased by 4.8%. Regionally, the investment in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan decreased by 4.3%, that in southern Hunan increased by 3.5%, that in western Hunan increased by 1.2%, and that in Dongting Lake decreased by 6.1%.

The annual investment in real estate development was 383.31 billion yuan, down 13.1% from the previous year. Among them, residential investment was 311.82 billion yuan, down 9.1%. The sales area of commercial housing was 56.365 million square meters, down by 14.1%. Among them, the residential sales area was 50.975 million square meters, down 13.8%. The sales of commercial housing was 370.01 billion yuan, down by 11.6%. Among them, residential sales reached 329.97 billion yuan, down 11.1%. At the end of the year, the area of commercial housing for sale was 12.967 million square meters, an increase of 754,000 square meters or 6.2% over the end of the previous year.

VI. Domestic Trade and Prices

The total retail sales of social consumer goods in 2020.33 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1% over the previous year. In terms of business locations, the retail sales of urban consumer goods was 1,744.56 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9%; The retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 275.77 billion yuan, an increase of 6.7%. In terms of consumption types, the retail sales of commodities was 1,762.78 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2%; The catering revenue was 257.55 billion yuan, an increase of 12.3%. In terms of regions, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan reached 780.85 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5%; The total retail sales of social consumer goods in southern Hunan was 403.70 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4%; The total retail sales of social consumer goods in western Hunan was 364.33 billion yuan, an increase of 7.0%; The total retail sales of social consumer goods in Dongting Lake area was 471.46 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%.

Among the retail sales of commodities above designated size, the retail sales of grain, oil and food increased by 12.2%, tobacco and alcohol increased by 7.2%, household appliances and audio-visual equipment increased by 6.8%, Chinese and western medicines increased by 5.6%, communication equipment increased by 7.4%, petroleum and products increased by 12.6%, and automobiles decreased by 2.4%. Among green smart goods, the retail sales of wearable smart devices increased by 12.8%, smartphones increased by 13.7%, and new energy vehicles increased by 40.8%.

The annual online retail sales of physical goods reached 243.20 billion yuan, up by 12.1% over the previous year, accounting for 12.0% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods.

Consumer prices in the province rose by 0.2% over the previous year. Among them, cities rose by 0.3% and rural areas fell by 0.1%. The ex-factory price of industrial producers decreased by 1.5%, and the purchase price of industrial producers decreased by 2.5%. Producer prices of agricultural products fell by 2.4%.

VII. Foreign Economy

Total annual import and export volume[11]617.50 billion yuan, down 12.1% from the previous year. Among them, exports were 400.94 billion yuan, down by 21.9%; Imports reached 216.56 billion yuan, up by 14.6%. In terms of trade mode, the general trade export was 346.54 billion yuan, down by 23.3%; The export of processing trade was 40.53 billion yuan, up by 5.1%. Among the key export commodities, mechanical and electrical products were 191.89 billion yuan, down 8.9%; High-tech products reached 55.27 billion yuan, down 0.4%. In terms of production and sales countries (regions), the export to the United States was 44.97 billion yuan, down 37.9%; Exports to Hong Kong, China reached 53.68 billion yuan, up by 3.1%; Export to EU[12]35.55 billion yuan, down 29.4%; Exports to ASEAN reached 76.18 billion yuan, down 34.2%; The number of countries exporting the Belt and Road Initiative was 218.18 billion yuan, down by 18.7%.

The actual use of foreign direct investment in the whole year was US$ 1.44 billion, down 59.3% from the previous year. Among them, the primary industry was US$ 0.2 billion, up by 5.2%; The secondary industry was $570 million, an increase of 43%; The tertiary industry was $850 million, down 72.8%. 274 projects of Fortune 500 enterprises were newly introduced. In fact, the domestic and foreign funds in place were 1,506.23 billion yuan, an increase of 16.5%. Among them, the primary industry was 66.22 billion yuan, down 2.0%; The secondary industry was 900.10 billion yuan, an increase of 29.3%; The tertiary industry was 539.92 billion yuan, an increase of 2.0%. 1879 major projects were introduced.

In the whole year, the amount of newly signed contracts for foreign contracted projects was 2.99 billion US dollars, and the turnover was 2.35 billion US dollars. Sent 7,000 laborers of various types. Foreign direct investment increased by 2.01 billion US dollars, down by 25.2%. The actual amount of foreign direct investment was US$ 2.22 billion, up by 16.3%.

VIII. Finance and finance

The local general public budget revenue for the whole year was 336.05 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3% over the previous year. Among them, tax revenue was 220.85 billion yuan, an increase of 10.2%; Non-tax revenue was 115.20 billion yuan, up by 5.0%. Among tax revenue, domestic value-added tax was 82.42 billion yuan, up by 52.2%; Enterprise income tax was 22.59 billion yuan, down 3.6%. The general public budget expenditure was 958.45 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6%. Among them, education expenditure was 157.89 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2%; Expenditure on social security and employment was 155.93 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2%; Health expenditure was 86.97 billion yuan, an increase of 6.0%; Expenditure on science and technology was 31.40 billion yuan, an increase of 12.3%; Expenditure on housing security was 26.67 billion yuan, an increase of 20.1%.

At the end of the year, the balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions was 7,767.35 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the balance of household deposits was 4,682.39 billion yuan, an increase of 13.3%; The balance of deposits of non-financial enterprises was 1,452.22 billion yuan, up by 2.5%. The balance of local and foreign currency loans was 6,939.64 billion yuan, up by 10.9%. Among them, the balance of household loans was 2,292.49 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2%; The loan balance of non-financial enterprises and government organizations was 4,612.30 billion yuan, an increase of 13.9%.

At the end of the year, there were 146 listed companies in the province, with a total direct financing of 404.59 billion yuan, an increase of 10.0% over the previous year. At the end of the year, the total market value of A-share listed companies was 1,522.05 billion yuan, down 6.3%. At the end of the year, there were 430 branches (including branches and business departments) of securities companies, a decrease of 4; The annual securities transaction volume was 11,833.71 billion yuan, down by 1.2%. At the end of the year, there were 2 futures companies in the jurisdiction, which was the same as the previous year; The annual turnover was 4,937.03 billion yuan, down by 11.4%.

In the whole year, the original insurance premium income of insurance companies was 169.40 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0% over the previous year. Among them, life insurance premium income was 87.65 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%; Health insurance premium income was 31.83 billion yuan, down 3.1%; Personal accident insurance premium income was 3.38 billion yuan, down 9.5%; Property insurance premium income was 46.54 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2%. The original insurance payment expenditure was 68.43 billion yuan, an increase of 17.8%.

IX. Education, Science and Technology

At the end of the year, there were 123 colleges and universities. There are 32,000 graduates of postgraduate education, 463,000 graduates of ordinary higher education, 227,000 graduates of secondary vocational education, 440,000 graduates of ordinary high schools, 827,000 graduates of junior high schools and 895,000 graduates of ordinary primary schools. There were 1.837 million children in the park, down 15.0% from the previous year. Enrolment rate of primary school-age children[13]100%, the gross enrollment rate of high school education[14] 94.77%。 There are 9932 private schools of all kinds, with 2.169 million students. 1.45 billion yuan of national scholarships and grants were granted to college students, and 769,000 college students were assisted. 520 million yuan of state grants for secondary vocational schools were granted, and 522,000 secondary vocational students were assisted. 11.34 billion yuan was secured for compulsory education, and 560 million yuan was granted to ordinary senior high schools.

At the end of the year, there were 12 national engineering research centers (engineering laboratories) and 399 provincial engineering research centers (engineering laboratories). There are 42 national and local joint engineering research centers (engineering laboratories). There are 75 enterprise technology centers recognized by the state. There are 14 national engineering technology research centers and 811 provincial engineering technology research centers. There are 28 national (national) key laboratories and 387 provincial key laboratories. 55,295 technical contracts were signed, with a turnover of 399.53 billion yuan. 910 scientific and technological achievements were registered. The number of patents granted was 74,940, down by 19.4%. Among them, the number of invention patents granted was 20,133, down by 1.4%. The number of patents granted by industrial and mining enterprises, universities and scientific research units is 51,332, 9,153 and 673 respectively.

At the end of the year, there were 2051 inspection and testing institutions. Among them, there are 25 national product quality supervision and inspection centers. There are 104 legal metrological verification institutions. There are 1953 production units of special equipment and 571,000 sets of special equipment. The qualified rate of supervision and spot check of key industrial products is 87.9%. Participated in the formulation of 3 international standards, 247 national standards and 406 local standards. 2,197 maps were published publicly, with 857,000 map users visiting, and 217,000 geospatial data were provided.

X. Culture, Health and Sports

By the end of the year, there were 655 performing arts groups, 149 mass art museums and cultural centers, 148 public libraries and 180 museums and memorial halls. There are 108 radio and television stations (broadcasters). There are 5.853 million cable TV users. The comprehensive population coverage rate of broadcasting is 99.43%, and that of television is 99.77%. There are 137 national intangible cultural heritage protection catalogues and 410 provincial intangible cultural heritage protection catalogues. 12,078 books, 235 periodicals and 44 newspapers were published, and the total print runs of books, periodicals and newspapers were 590 million, 80 million and 500 million respectively.

At the end of the year, there were 57,518 health institutions. Among them, there are 1,784 hospitals, 139 maternal and child health centers (stations), 67 specialized disease prevention hospitals (stations), 2,070 township health centers, 1,051 community health service centers (stations), 14,036 clinics, health centers and medical offices, and 36,130 village clinics. There were 569,000 health technicians, an increase of 9.7% over the previous year. Among them, there are 219,000 practicing doctors and assistant practicing doctors and 270,000 registered nurses. The hospital has 390,000 beds, down by 1.9%; Township hospitals have 105,000 beds, down by 3.5%.

The province carried out 3337 national fitness projects. There are 430 new administrative villages for farmers’ physical fitness projects. Won 61 national championships throughout the year. There are 194,745 sports venues. Among them, there are 316 gymnasiums, 7,507 sports grounds, 1,546 swimming pools and 8,248 training rooms.

XI. Population, Residents’ Income, Consumption and Social Security

At the end of the year, the resident population of the province was 65.68 million. Among them, the urban population was 40.17 million, and the urbanization rate was 61.16%, an increase of 0.85 percentage points over the end of last year. The annual birth population was 395,000, with a birth rate of 6.00 ‰; The death population was 598,000, with a mortality rate of 9.08 ‰; The natural population growth rate is -3.08‰. The proportion of the population aged 0-15 (including those under 16) to the resident population was 18.84%, down by 0.68 percentage points; The proportion of people aged 16-59 (including those under 60) was 58.93%, down by 0.72 percentage points; The proportion of people aged 60 and over was 22.23%, an increase of 1.39 percentage points.

In the whole year, the per capita disposable income of residents in the province was 35,895 yuan, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year; The median per capita disposable income of residents was 28,606 yuan, an increase of 4.4%. According to the place of permanent residence, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 49,243 yuan, an increase of 4.1%; The median per capita disposable income of urban residents was 43,705 yuan, an increase of 3.0%. The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 20,921 yuan, an increase of 7.0%; The median per capita disposable income of rural residents was 18,585 yuan, an increase of 5.7%. The income ratio of urban and rural residents decreased from 2.42 in the previous year to 2.35. In terms of regions, the per capita disposable income of all residents in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is 54,069 yuan, an increase of 4.4%; The per capita disposable income of all residents in southern Hunan was 33,228 yuan, an increase of 5.5%; The per capita disposable income of all residents in western Hunan is 25,110 yuan, an increase of 6.3%; The per capita disposable income of all residents in Dongting Lake area was 32,744 yuan, an increase of 5.4%. Poverty alleviation county[16]The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 16,036 yuan, an increase of 9.0%.


The per capita consumption expenditure of residents in the province was 25,462 yuan, an increase of 5.7% over the previous year. According to the place of permanent residence, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents was 31,035 yuan, an increase of 4.9%; The per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was 19,210 yuan, an increase of 6.3%.

In the whole year, 765,000 people were newly employed in cities and towns. At the end of the year, 34.13 million people participated in the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents. The number of people participating in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers was 20.184 million, an increase of 6.6%. Among them, there are 14.54 million employees and 5.644 million retirees. The number of people participating in the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents was 53.09 million, and the number of people participating in the basic medical insurance for urban workers was 10.467 million. The number of people participating in unemployment insurance was 7.404 million, an increase of 2.3%. The number of employees participating in industrial injury insurance was 9.945 million. The number of employees participating in maternity insurance was 7.035 million. At the end of the year, the number of employees receiving unemployment insurance was 184,000.

323,000 urban residents received the government’s minimum living guarantee, and 1.71 billion yuan of minimum living guarantee funds were distributed; 1.471 million rural residents received the government’s minimum living security, and 4.76 billion yuan of minimum living security funds were distributed. At the end of the year, 244,000 beds were provided for residential civil administration institutions, and 114,000 people were adopted. Among them, there are 230,000 beds in the old-age care institutions and 108,000 people in the old-age care institutions. There are 32,000 community service institutions and facilities. In the whole year, 8.03 billion yuan of social welfare lottery tickets were sold, and 2.45 billion yuan of welfare lottery funds were raised. Successfully completed 20 projects of ten key livelihood issues. Among them, the renovation of 2,000 old urban communities was started, with an additional water storage capacity of 50.894 million cubic meters, and 1.031 million women of rural school age and urban low-income women were examined for "two cancers" free of charge.

XII. Resources, Environment and Safety in Production

157 kinds of minerals have been discovered and 124 kinds of minerals have been proved in the province. Among them, there are 7 kinds of energy minerals, 39 kinds of metal minerals, 76 kinds of non-metal minerals and 2 kinds of water and gas minerals. 21 geological exploration projects (including continuation projects) (including provincial financial investment projects only) were funded by the government, and 2 large and medium-sized mineral areas were newly discovered.

In the whole year, the proportion of water quality sections meeting or better than Class III standards was 97.2%, down 0.2 percentage points from the previous year. The proportion of days with good air quality is 90.5%. There are 53 nature reserves at or above the provincial level, covering an area of 906,000 hectares. Among them, 23 are national and 30 are provincial. There are 2 world geoparks and 14 national geoparks. The afforestation area was 441,000 hectares.

The comprehensive energy consumption of industrial enterprises above designated size decreased by 0.7% over the previous year. Among them, the comprehensive energy consumption of six high-energy-consuming industries increased by 1.4%.

In the whole year, there were 1244 production and operation safety accidents, and 1318 people died. 0.03 people died in accidents with a GDP of 100 million yuan. The number of deaths per 10,000 vehicles in road traffic accidents was 2.22, a decrease of 0.37 over the previous year.


Notes:

[1] The data in this bulletin are all preliminary statistics, and some data are not equal to the total of sub-items due to rounding.

[2] The absolute figures of regional GDP, added value of tertiary industries and related industries and per capita regional GDP are calculated at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at constant prices.

[3] Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region refers to Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, southern Hunan refers to Hengyang, Chenzhou and Yongzhou, western Hunan refers to Shaoyang, Zhangjiajie, Huaihua, Loudi and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, and Dongting Lake refers to Yueyang, Changde and Yiyang.

[4] High-tech manufacturing includes pharmaceutical manufacturing, aviation, spacecraft and equipment manufacturing, electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, computer and office equipment manufacturing, medical equipment and instrumentation manufacturing, and information chemicals manufacturing.

[5] Equipment manufacturing industry includes metal products industry, general equipment manufacturing industry, special equipment manufacturing industry, automobile manufacturing industry, railway, ship, aerospace and other transportation equipment manufacturing industry, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, and instrument manufacturing industry.

[6] The output data of some products in 2022 were verified and adjusted, and the output growth rate in 2023 was calculated according to comparable caliber.

[7] Due to the changes in the scope of investigation stipulated in the statistical investigation system, statistical law enforcement, elimination of duplicate data and other factors, the growth rate and changes of financial indicators of industrial enterprises above designated size in 2023 are calculated according to comparable caliber.

[8] The total business volume of the postal industry is calculated at constant prices in 2020.

[9] The total telecom business is calculated at the constant price of last year.

[10] High-tech industry investment includes six categories of high-tech manufacturing investment and information services, e-commerce services, inspection and testing services, high-tech services in professional and technical services, R&D and design services, scientific and technological achievements transformation services, intellectual property rights and related legal services, environmental monitoring and governance services and other high-tech services, including pharmaceutical manufacturing, aviation, spacecraft and equipment manufacturing, electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, computer and office equipment manufacturing, medical equipment and instrumentation manufacturing.

[11] According to relevant regulations, foreign trade is denominated in RMB.

[12] The import and export amount of goods to the EU does not include the data of Britain, and the growth rate is calculated according to the comparable caliber.

[13] The enrollment rate of primary school-age children refers to the percentage of school-age children who have entered primary school within the scope of investigation to the total number of school-age children inside and outside the school.

[14] The gross enrollment rate of high school education mainly reflects the coverage of high school education, which means that the total number of students in high school accounts for the percentage of the school-age population aged 15-17.

[15] By the end of 2023, there were 11.434 million people aged 0-14 (including those under the age of 15) and 39.642 million people aged 15-59 (including those under the age of 60).

[16] Poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province, that is, the original poverty-stricken areas in Hunan, including the original concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas and the original national poverty alleviation and development key counties outside the area, have a total of 40 counties.

Source:

The financial data in this bulletin comes from the Provincial Department of Finance; Railway transportation and mileage data are from China Railway Guangzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd., China Railway Nanning Bureau Group Co., Ltd., China Railway Nanchang Bureau Group Co., Ltd., China Railway Wuhan Group Co., Ltd. and Shichang Railway Co., Ltd.; The data of highway transportation, waterway transportation and highway mileage come from the Provincial Department of Transportation; The data of civil aviation transportation comes from Provincial Airport Management Group Co., Ltd. and China Southern Airlines Co., Ltd. Hunan Branch; Pipeline transportation data come from Changling Branch of China Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Changling Branch of China Petrochemical Group Asset Management Co., Ltd., Baling Petrochemical Branch of China Petrochemical Group Asset Management Co., Ltd., Hunan Oil Transportation Branch of Huazhong Branch of National Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Network Group Co., Ltd., Changsha Xinao Gas Co., Ltd., Changsha China Resources Gas Co., Ltd., Xiangtan Xinao Gas Co., Ltd., Changde PetroChina Kunlun Gas Co., Ltd., Loudi China Resources Gas Co., Ltd., etc. Car ownership data comes from the provincial public security department; The data of telecom business volume, mobile phone users, fixed phone users and Internet broadband users come from the Provincial Communications Administration. The postal service data comes from the provincial postal administration; Data of deposits and loans come from Hunan Branch of China People’s Bank; The data of listed companies come from the Financial Office of the Provincial Party Committee; Securities and futures data come from Hunan Supervision Bureau of China Securities Regulatory Commission; The data of insurance industry comes from Hunan Supervision Bureau of the State Financial Supervision Administration; Education data comes from the Provincial Department of Education; Science and technology data comes from the Provincial Science and Technology Department;Patent, quality inspection and industry standard data come from the Provincial Market Supervision Administration; Surveying and mapping, mineral resources data from the Provincial Department of Natural Resources; Data on the protection of art performance groups, museums, public libraries, cultural centers and intangible cultural heritage come from the Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism. Radio and television data come from the Provincial Radio and Television Bureau; The data of newspapers, periodicals and books come from the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee; Health data comes from the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee; Sports data comes from the provincial sports bureau; The data of new employment, social insurance and vocational skills training in cities and towns come from the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security. The data of medical insurance and maternity insurance come from the provincial medical insurance bureau; The data of urban and rural subsistence allowances, social welfare and community services come from the Provincial Civil Affairs Department; The data of water conservancy construction comes from the Provincial Water Resources Department; The data of aquatic product output and high-standard farmland construction come from the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Urban construction data comes from the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development; The data of nature reserves, geological parks and afforestation come from the Provincial Forestry Bureau. Surface water quality and air quality data come from the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment; Safety production data comes from the provincial emergency management department; Other data come from the Provincial Bureau of Statistics and the Hunan Investigation Corps of the National Bureau of Statistics.

Intelligent assisted driving racing and dark warfare

The wave of intelligence is sweeping the world and profoundly reshaping the transportation field. Chip, lidar, AI algorithm, vehicle-road coordination and other related technologies are rapidly iterated, and scenes such as unmanned taxis and unmanned distribution are gradually landing, pushing the commercialization of intelligent assisted driving into a critical period.

In 2025, the intelligent assisted driving track is no longer just a contest of parameters, but also a race and a dark battle-when the market value list of car companies forms a fault stratification, when the full-stack self-research group and the open cooperation camp are arguing endlessly, when the price of laser radar is halved, when domestic chips are accelerated to replace, everyone wants to "squeeze on the train", who can stay?

The Beijing News reporter initially sorted out that there are at least 300 listed companies involved in intelligent assisted driving business in China, covering the A-share, Hong Kong-share and US-share markets. According to comprehensive data and research reports, there are thousands of companies in the field of intelligent assisted driving in China.

Based on this, according to the public data and corporate information, the Beijing News reporter made an inventory of the functional level of the assisted driving industry, the market value of listed companies, and the number of cooperative customers. Among the A-share listed companies involved in intelligent assisted driving, BYD is the trillion-dollar leader with the highest market value and the highest sales volume of new energy vehicles, Huawei, BYD, Tucki, etc. rank first in the intelligent assisted driving function, and the number of customers of cooperative car enterprises is ahead by Mom en ta.

Behind the competition among market value, ecology and industrial chain is a three-dimensional picture of China’s spiraling intelligent assisted driving industry. Beijing News reporter Lin Zi

Market value competition trillion bibcock and chaser

According to the ranking of the total market value as of May 14, 2025, the top five companies involved in the concept of intelligent assisted driving and the total market value in A shares are BYD, Cyrus, SAIC, Great Wall Motor and Zhongji Xuchuang.

BYD ranks first among A-share intelligent assisted driving companies with a market value of 1.11 trillion yuan. The competition of the second echelon is even more intense. The market value gap between Celestial (213.4 billion yuan), SAIC (192.2 billion yuan) and Great Wall Motor (172.9 billion yuan) is only in the order of billions. In the US stock market, the market value performance of Tucki, Ideals and other new forces is also neck and neck.

Some enterprises related to the industrial chain told the Beijing News reporter that now the automobile factory directly faces the terminal market, which has gained higher attention and higher voice and pricing power. Although technology suppliers are more professional on the technology track, their right to speak is relatively low. As far as the capital market is concerned, it will also favor the automobile factory with larger volume, more brand effect and more "storytelling". This is reflected in the market value. In the Hong Kong stock market, the market value of supply chain enterprises such as Horizon and Black Sesame Intelligence is less than HK$ 100 billion.

Sales volume comparison

Technology Pratt & Whitney and Brand Premium

Further according to the sales comparison, BYD’s sales of new energy vehicles are riding a dust. In 2024, BYD’s global sales of new energy vehicles reached 4.272 million, up 41.26% year-on-year, becoming the global sales champion of new energy vehicles, and its huge sales provided a data foundation for its assisted driving development.

BYD’s competitors are not only domestic car companies, but also compete with Tesla as representatives of China car companies.

While BYD’s sales in 2024 surpassed Tesla’s, the competitive logic behind the two is completely different. Byd relies on the large-scale strategy of "smart driving and equal rights" to sink the intelligent assisted driving technology to the 70,000-yuan market, while Tesla relies on the FSD technology premium to maintain the mid-to high-end positioning. Behind this market value competition are two routes: people-friendly and brand premium.

Battle of ecology

Full-stack self-research and open cooperation

At present, the intelligent assisted driving technology has entered a period of rapid development, and various enterprises have launched differentiated solutions through self-research or cooperation to promote the popularization of functions and upgrade the experience.

Among car companies, BYD and Tucki are both representatives of self-research of car companies, and they also belong to the first echelon. For example, BYD’s self-developed high-order intelligent assistant system is called "Eye of the God". Tucki, Ideal and other car companies are also constantly exerting their efforts in assisting driving.

Some companies do not fully agree with the self-research model of car companies. Wu Yongqiao, president of Bosch Intelligent Driving Control System in China, has publicly stated that in the future, intermediate intelligent assisted driving will become the standard, and the main engine factory will invest hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars in full-stack self-research every year, which is costly and not cost-effective, and should be handed over to the supply chain for processing.

Huawei has always been listed as the first echelon of intelligent assisted driving system. Jin Yuzhi, CEO of BU, Huawei’s smart car solution, said in 2024 that 10 brands of 7 car companies will adopt Gankun solutions, including Chang ‘an Deep Blue, Celestial, etc. It is estimated that there will be more than 500,000 cars driven by Huawei.

In contrast to self-research, Huawei’s "friend circle" model shows another possibility. At present, Huawei has three modes for automobile business, namely, parts supply mode, H I(Huawei Inside) mode and intelligent car selection mode.

Providing spare parts to BMW, BYD and other car companies, referred to as "spare parts supply model". Relying on Huawei’s intelligent solution cooperation, such as Beiqi Extreme Fox and Aouita, referred to as HI mode. Car companies have deep cooperation with Huawei, and Huawei participates in product design, marketing and sales. These models will appear in the Huawei Experience Center, and the intellectual and intellectual circles belong to this kind of cooperation, referred to as the smart car selection model. Among the above three modes, the one with the closest cooperation depth is the smart car selection mode.

SAIC has publicly stated that "the soul should be in its own hands", and now it also chooses to cooperate with Huawei. While Huawei’s partners get the benefits brought by the sales growth of cooperative models, they also need to face the question of "whether the car companies themselves have mastered the core technology", such as whether Cyrus and Jianghuai can independently build high-quality models of their own brands.

More noteworthy is the rise of the middle route. Technology suppliers such as self-driving unicorn M omenta (Beijing Chusu Technology Co., Ltd.) and Baidu Apol?lo are exploring their own unique routes.

Mass production and large-scale application are the key words of M omenta. On May 12th this year, Xiangdao Travel signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Momenta, and the two sides will jointly build the world’s first robotaxi (self-driving taxi) fleet based on the pre-installed mass production scheme, and take the lead in starting operation in Shanghai, which will become a robotaxi fleet that is "born for large-scale application in cities".

Baidu radish run is aimed at overseas. On March 28 this year, Baidu Radish Run announced the signing of a strategic cooperation agreement with Dubai Road Transportation Bureau, and plans to deploy more than 1,000 fully driverless cars in Dubai. This is also the first time that Radish Run has carried out unmanned large-scale testing and service outside China.

The transformation and reconstruction of industrial chain

When the intelligent assisted driving function changed from "high-end label" to "basic configuration", a reshuffle sweeping the entire industrial chain has already started.

The Beijing News reporter combed and found that the competition in the number of customers of assisted driving supply chain enterprises is characterized by wide coverage, large number of cooperation and diversified customer types. All enterprises are striving to expand their customer base in order to gain an advantage in the fierce market competition.

Among them, Momenta is the company with the widest coverage of cooperative car companies, which covers 7 of the top 10 car companies in the world and has more than 130 cooperative mass production models.

In the field of lidar, the two "leading players" are deadlocked and the competition is extremely fierce. Sagitar Juchuang cooperates with 92 models of 28 automakers and first-class suppliers. Hesai Technology cooperated with 120 models of 22 car companies, and won big orders simultaneously under the price reduction strategy.

In an interview with the media in November, 2024, Li Yifan, the founder of Hesai Technology, publicly stated that the company planned to reduce the price of its main lidar products by half to US$ 200 in 2025, which means that electric vehicles with a price less than 150,000 yuan can also use lidar. On February 11, 2025, Hesai Technology announced that various models of BYD will be equipped with Hesai’s lidar products, and it is planned to achieve mass production delivery in 2025.

These news not only show the "involution" of lidar track, but also reflect the bargaining power of car companies. Shen Ziyu, co-founder and chairman of Yikatong Technology, publicly stated in March 2024 that "there will be no laser radar companies and millimeter wave radar companies in the future, only incremental component companies for smart electric vehicles."

The competition on the chip track is even more cruel. Horizon used 9 years to load more than 4 million Journey series chips, which replaced M obileye in L2 market. Under the reality that NVIDIA O rin chips still dominate the high-end market, domestic chip companies still have a long way to go.

In addition to hardware iteration, the battle for software route is equally fierce. At present, the "map-free" route led by Tesla is in fierce confrontation with the "high-precision map" faction adhered to by NavInfo.

Behind the multi-faceted competition, enterprises are also facing common challenges. In the field of intelligent assisted driving, L3 and above autonomous driving technology has not been allowed to go on the road, and no more detailed regulations and regulations concerning the definition of responsibilities and road regulations have been issued at the national level. The commercialization of intelligent driving technology still faces uncertainty.

In addition, whether it is the full-stack self-research of automobile enterprises or the research and development of industrial chain enterprises, from chips, algorithms to system integration, every link needs a lot of financial support. In the future, the investment of tens of billions will continue to raise the threshold of intelligent assisted driving.

Despite this, the panorama of China’s spiraling intelligent assisted driving industry has also begun. BYD’s "intellectual drive and equal rights" have brought assisted driving into thousands of households, and Huawei’s "multi-party cooperation" has continuously broadened the boundaries. The rise of Hesai Technology and Horizon proves that there are no eternal giants in the trillion-dollar market.

How to balance the technical innovation and safety bottom line of assisted driving of the circle round table school?

Since April this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has carried out strong supervision on the promotion of intelligent networked vehicles, requiring automobile companies to fully carry out the combined driving assistance test and verification, clarify the functional boundaries and safety response measures of the system, and refrain from exaggerating and false propaganda. China Automobile Industry Association and China Automotive Engineering Society also issued a proposal to standardize the promotion and application of driver assistance. For a time, car companies have renamed the sayings of automatic driving, autonomous driving, intelligent driving and high-order intelligent driving as assisted driving.

With stricter supervision, how to balance technology popularization and safety in assisted driving? How to establish a database of assisted driving accidents for cross-vehicle enterprises? The Beijing News reporter invited nine guests, including enterprises and experts, to participate in the "Circle Roundtable School" on topics related to assisted driving development. Beijing News reporter Wang Linlin Linzi Zhangbing

Beijing News Cartography/Xu Wei

Viewpoint 1

Popularizing assisted driving requires safety as the premise.

Beijing News: How to balance the popularization and safety of assisted driving technology?

Lu Fang: First of all, the popularization of assisted driving technology should follow the gradual development path, and each stage should be fully verified to ensure reliability, so as to avoid premature pursuit of "completely unmanned" and ignoring potential risks. At the same time, key systems (such as perception, decision-making and execution) should be designed with multi-sensor fusion, algorithm redundancy and hardware backup, and data should be accumulated through massive virtual simulation tests (covering extreme scenes) and real road tests to optimize the algorithm’s ability to cope with complex scenes. Only when the technology is mature can security be guaranteed.

In addition, when promoting assisted driving technology, we must talk about equal rights and take safety as the basis, so that users can clearly know what the capability boundary of each car technology is. The ultimate goal of assisted driving is to improve users’ travel safety. Enterprises should take "safety first" rather than "speed first" as the principle, and the public should rationally look at the potential and limitations of technology.

Wu Huixiao: Great Wall Motor has always stressed that assisted driving is still in the primary development stage at this stage, and there is still a long way to go before real automatic driving. The core value of assisted driving is to improve travel safety and efficiency, not marketing gimmicks. In addition, we suggest establishing a national public test database for intelligent driving, sharing desensitization accident data, and accelerating the establishment and iteration of safety standards for intelligent driving.

In product communication, enterprises should face up to the development stage of technology, respect its development law, and truly inform users of the availability and applicability of technology, so as to avoid the risk of misuse caused by exaggerated publicity and even affect the overall cognition of China automobile industry.

Wang Haowei: The smarter the algorithm, the greater the security challenge; On the contrary, the safest algorithm is the simplest logic. Therefore, the core issue of the popularization of assisted driving is to find a balance between intelligence and safety. Absolute security can’t be achieved. What’s more important is to let the end users know the capability boundary of the system, instead of relying too much on the system capability. Safety is a comprehensive project, and there is no once-and-for-all approach. Efforts should be made from system design, algorithm, security mechanism, user training, regulations and new technologies.

Zheng Zhuangcheng: The popularity and safety of assisted driving are not antagonistic, but "two sides of one body" that need to be promoted together. Balancing the two needs to be realized from several dimensions: first, technical iteration is carried out with ensuring safety as the lowest level of assisted driving requirements; The second is to establish an industry safety baseline; The third is user education, which pays equal attention to popularization and transparency; The fourth is ecological synergy, and the responsibility of the whole industry chain is shared.

Dai Yifan: The essence of assisted driving application is to improve safety. It is meaningless to talk about popularizing assisted driving system without safety guarantee. Therefore, there is a "priority weight" relationship between the two, and it must be on the premise of ensuring safety and improving the existing driving safety before promoting the assisted driving system.

Viewpoint 2

Need to break the "absolute trust" in assisted driving

Beijing News: In view of the public’s "absolute trust" in assisted driving, how to rebuild a transparent communication mechanism?

Wang Haowei: Absolute trust is a dangerous term, because there is no absolutely safe system. The relative trust of the public in assisted driving is what the industry needs to pursue. Relative trust means with boundaries and conditions, and it also means that we must pursue the best under certain conditions, not the global optimal solution.

Zheng Zhuangcheng: Transparency is a technical safety belt in the era of assisted driving. NavInfo rebuilds public trust based on three core measures: technical transparency, real-time update and "data security is the cornerstone of building smart driving security".

Dai Yifan: At present, assisted driving requires drivers to stay in the loop and stay awake, especially in some abnormal road scenes. Assisted driving requires popular science rather than hype. The so-called "assistance" means helping drivers, and there must be some guidance in propaganda.

Zhuang Jinggan: Many people think that the "smart driving" system is safe and reliable enough, but this is not the case. This misunderstanding largely comes from the early propaganda strategy of car companies, which makes consumers mistakenly think that technology is mature enough to replace human driving, ignoring the capability boundary and potential risks of the system.

Viewpoint 3

The database of assisted driving accidents suggests that the government should take the lead.

Beijing News: It is suggested that a database of assisted driving accidents across car companies can be established to provide a technical basis for the determination of responsibility. What do you think?

Wang Haowei: To establish a database of assisted driving accidents of cross-vehicle enterprises, it is necessary to introduce relevant data uploading standards at the national level, and it is best to enforce them.

At the same time, the balance between the bottom line of safety and the development of the industry should be taken into account in the determination of responsibility. If all the responsibilities are put on car companies, it will lead to the lack of awe of the public in using the assisted driving function, which will eventually inhibit the motivation of car companies to develop assisted driving.

Zhuang Jinggan: "Government-led, joint car companies to build a unified national database" is helpful to standardize industry practice. At present, there are great differences in technical routes and data formats among car companies. If they are independent, they will form "data islands", which cannot support the general standards of the industry. The government can take the lead in formulating data collection standards, and car companies can access key information such as operation logs, sensor data and system decision records, and establish a privacy protection mechanism to desensitize sensitive information.

After the completion of the database, it is necessary to clarify the framework of responsibility division, and it is suggested that the legislature should formulate special laws, and at the same time clarify the criteria for identifying technical defects and dynamically divide the proportion of man-machine responsibility. In addition, we can also consider establishing a "data black box" system and handing over the right of data analysis to a third-party authority.

Viewpoint 4

Auxiliary driving will develop in the direction of equal rights.

Beijing News: Do you think the development of L3 or L4 autopilot will be hindered? What is the trend of assisted driving?

Lu Fang: The development of L3 or L4 may be hindered, but the overall trend is still forward. Although the existing technology has covered most conventional scenes, some extreme scenes (such as rainstorm, blurred road markings and sudden obstacles) are still the core obstacles for L3 and L4 to land. Coupled with the public’s lack of awareness of autonomous driving technology, the wide application of L3 and L4 technologies is limited to some extent.

However, at present, the industry has L3-level technical reserves, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is also accelerating the improvement of the automatic driving standard system, promoting the safety baseline construction, and the industrial chain is also upgrading in coordination. These are all positive aspects.

Deng Chenghao: The current policy’s regulation of L2 function is essentially an "ice-breaking action" to pave the way for advanced autonomous driving. This will not hinder the development of L3/L4, but instead build three booster engines. The first is to establish the coordinate system of technological evolution. The latest national standard "Auto Driving Automation Classification" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology defines the responsibility dividing line (ODD operation design domain) between L2 and L3 for the first time, which will accelerate the shift of consumers’ cognition from "whether there is function" to "capability boundary" and clear the cognitive obstacles for the commercialization of L3/L4. The second is to open up the fast lane of technology verification, and the "car-road-cloud" three-dimensional verification system will shorten the technology maturity cycle by 30%. The third is to reconstruct the ecology of industrial cooperation, and institutional breakthroughs are more strategic than simple technical breakthroughs.

Zheng Zhuangcheng: From the perspective of four-dimensional map and safety redundancy, the future development trend of assisted driving will not be separated from the map. AI big model helps high-order intelligent driving to accelerate landing, but high-precision map is always an indispensable transcendental sensor to assist driving. The so-called "no map" will bring a series of problems such as increased cost and irregular data collection.

Zhang Ruixue: The large-scale landing of assisted driving mainly faces several problems: First, the perception and decision-making of complex scenes (such as non-signal scenes and complex environments) is still the core difficulty. The existing bicycle intelligence relies on multi-sensor fusion, but the hardware stack (such as laser radar) is expensive and cannot completely cover all long tail scenes. Second, the division of responsibility for autonomous driving accidents in the current law is not clear, and the insurance system also lacks an adaptation plan. Third, the data closed-loop ability is insufficient. High-order autopilot relies on the collection, labeling and model training of massive scene data, but the existing test area is limited in openness, resulting in insufficient data diversity.

Zhuang Jinggan: The landing of L3/L4 autopilot faces three core challenges: first, the long tail scene processing, that is, the reliability of the system is insufficient in extreme or rare scenes; Secondly, the law lags behind; Finally, the lack of infrastructure coordination, especially the slow progress of vehicle-road coordination (V2X). In the future, whether it is L2, L3 or L4 level assisted driving, it will develop in the direction of equal rights. This is mainly due to the rapid decline in the cost of the core components of assisted driving, and the technology is breaking through the high-priced barrier and moving towards large-scale application.

On the Canadian debate program, experts from China and Singapore refuted the "China threat theory" with facts and won!

  Caption: At the debate scene, two people on the left are the positive Bai Bangrui and McMaster, and on the right are the opposing Ma Kaishuo and Wang Huiyao; In the voting before and after the debate, the opposing side finally won by 2%.

  [Special correspondent of Global Times in Canada Lu Ou, special correspondent of Global Times Cao Ming] On the evening of May 9, local time in Toronto, Canada’s famous political debate platform — — "Munk Debates" was held with the theme "Is China a threat to the liberal international order?" The debate on the theme has aroused widespread concern in Canada and the United States. On the one hand, McMaster, former assistant to the President of the United States for national security affairs, and Bai Bangrui, author of "Centennial Marathon" and director of China strategic research at the Hudson Institute in the United States, think that China is a "threat"; on the other hand, Ma Kaishuo, a professor at the National University of Singapore and former rotating chairman of the United Nations Security Council, and Wang Huiyao, founder and director of the China Globalization Think Tank (CCG), refute the former view. There were about 3000 spectators at the scene. Before the debate began, the pros and cons voted, and after the debate, they voted again. Comparing the results of the two votes, the party with increased support rate was the winner. After three hours of heated debate, Ma Kaishuo and Wang Huiyao finally won the debate by a narrow margin.

  Through deliberate exaggeration and false accusations, McMaster and Bai Bangrui wantonly attacked my domestic and foreign policies.

  As the positive side of this debate, McMaster and Bai Bangrui, who hold the position that "China will threaten the free international order", mainly hold the following views:

  First, the West has long pursued a policy of engagement with China, but it has been "cheated" by China. In the past 30 years, based on the assumption that China will not threaten the free international order, but will realize economic and political liberalization, the West has contacted China and invested heavily in it and trained its personnel. However, China is trying to dominate the new international order and rules. When China joined international organizations, it made many promises, but failed to fulfill them. For example, when it joined the World Trade Organization (WTO), it promised to open the market, but then used the market to force foreign companies to transfer technology. It also asked them to support China on issues such as Tibet and Taiwan Province and serve China’s foreign policy. China conducts systematic commercial espionage and steals sensitive technologies and intellectual property rights in key economic sectors and military fields to promote its own economic growth.

  Second, China’s "dictatorship" has caused "damage" both at home and abroad. China government uses high-tech means to carry out monitoring, build a "police state", suppress ethnic minorities and religious figures and put them in "concentration camps"; Arrest rights lawyers and scholars and suppress the student movement; Strengthen media and news censorship and carry out anti-western propaganda; The establishment of a "social credit system" is essentially to increase the monitoring of the people in various fields. This system not only damages the freedom of people in China, but also damages the freedom of people in other countries. After Meng Wanzhou was arrested on suspicion of bank fraud, China kidnapped two Canadian citizens. The Communist Party of China (CPC) is exposing its "dictatorship" nature every day, and the people of China are increasingly awakening, hoping to escape from China.

  Third, China exported the "dictatorship" model through the Belt and Road Initiative. Thirty-three countries have suffered unsustainable debts due to the Belt and Road Initiative, and eight countries are in deep crisis, including Venezuela, Ecuador, Cambodia and Zimbabwe. China tried to rebuild the historical tributary system and vassal relationship with China, undermine the sovereignty of other countries and challenge the international order. The United States, Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand should adhere to the "high" standard, hedge the "Belt and Road" and provide alternative financing options for other countries. China’s export of "dictatorship" mode is not a matter between China and the United States or between China and Canada, but a competition between a free and open society and a dictatorial closed system.

  4. China ignores international rules and undermines the free international order. China’s militarization in the South China Sea is aimed at excluding the United States, intimidating regional countries and monopolizing the South China Sea, which violates relevant international laws and rulings of international courts. China’s "National Intelligence Law" requires enterprises to cooperate with the government’s intelligence work and obtain the communication data of the United States and Canada through China Communication Company, which has settled in North America. China’s global communication system poses a threat to data privacy, and any rational government should not allow China to build communication facilities for it. China allowed the export of fentanyl to the United States and Canada, resulting in a large number of deaths in the United States and Canada. The European Commission believes that China is a systemic competitor by pursuing different governance models. China’s neighbors, including Japanese and Indian, also regard China as a threat to the liberal international order. China has increased its defense expenditure and deployed a large number of medium-range missiles without being bound by Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, which has aroused Russian concern. China has also created a crisis of confidence among western countries, making it difficult for them to agree on China.

  Ma Kaishuo and Wang Huiyao believe that China is the beneficiary and contributor of the international order, and the United States is the destroyer.

  As the other side of the debate, Ma Kaishuo and Wang Huiyao argued and refuted the "China threat theory" with facts. Their arguments are as follows:

  1. China is a beneficiary of the liberal international order and does not want to overthrow it. China’s GDP was only 1/10th that of the United States in 1980, but in terms of purchasing power parity, China’s GDP has surpassed that of the United States in 2014. In the past 30 years, China has risen from poverty to the second largest economy in the world, thanks to the free international order. This order has two advantages for China: first, sovereignty, that is, each country can decide its own behavior and future; The second is rules, which determine what can and cannot be done in international affairs. As the world’s largest trading country, if the rules-based international order collapses, China will suffer huge losses, so China has no intention of threatening the free international order. At present, China’s primary concern is to maintain domestic stability and development, not to build new international rules and order. As its strength grows, China’s international influence will inevitably increase, and it hopes to gain more respect. In the past 2000 years, China and India have been the top two economies in the world for the first 1800 years, and the West has only emerged as the leading power in the world in the past 200 years. However, the western countries’ foreign strategic mistakes led to the decline and end of their dominant position. The return and re-emergence of China and India’s strength is a historical necessity, and the West should accept this reality.

  Second, the United States is the biggest threat to the free international order. The post-war international order dominated by the west has indeed brought benefits to the world, but the danger of collapse facing this order at present is not "homicide", but the "suicide" of the creator. Ma Kaishuo repeatedly quoted his best-selling book "Did the West Fail?" in the debate. The point of view in ". He once pointed out in his book that the West has made three strategic mistakes in the past 30 years: First, it has treated the Islamic world wrongly. Western military forces led by the United States intervened in the internal affairs of many Islamic countries and underestimated the power of Islamic religion, which caused a strong rebound. Second, after the Cold War, the West was immersed in the joy of "the end of history", blindly arrogant, humiliated Russia, and insisted on promoting NATO’s eastward expansion, which stimulated Russian nationalism and led to the rise of political strongman Putin. Third, it did not respect the principle of sovereignty, extended its hand everywhere, promoted Western-style democracy and freedom in many countries around the world, and instigated the "color revolution", which triggered the resentment of non-Western countries against the hegemony of the United States and the West, and also caused the strength of the West to be overdrawn.

  China is willing to accept major international agreements, cooperate with other countries under the framework of the United Nations, make more contributions to the United Nations, and become a key supporter in tackling climate change, WTO reform and other issues. China is the only big country that has not waged war with foreign countries in the past 40 years. China has the military strength to recover the South Island Reef, but it chooses to abide by the "rules of the game". In contrast, the United States undermined the authority of the United Nations, undermined the operation of the International Atomic Energy Agency, withdrew from the Iranian nuclear agreement, obstructed the WTO reform process, and constantly "retired" and became a country that openly opposed multilateralism. From a military point of view, even in the last year of Obama’s term as President of Peace, the United States dropped 26,000 bombs on seven countries. When there was a dispute between Canada and the United States over the legal status of the Arctic Northwest Passage, the Canadian government was busy producing legal evidence and documents to prove that the relevant waters belonged to Canada, but the United States responded by sending destroyers directly to the waters. Many countries took the United States to the international court of justice when they had disputes with the United States, but the United States chose to ignore the relevant rulings. In this way, the United States sets an example for all countries to abide by international law, and at the same time, it constantly accuses China of violating international law.

  Large American internet companies like Facebook ignore the rules and often choose the former when weighing profits and protecting users’ privacy. It affected the Brexit referendum and destroyed British democracy by putting lies into user accounts. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen supervision. In the free international order, to solve this problem, all countries need to jointly establish multilateral network operating rules, so that big companies such as Facebook and Huawei can act according to the rules. But the first country to oppose this is the United States, because it has the strongest monitoring ability in the world and does not want its own ability to be limited.

  Third, the United States should listen more to the voices of the whole world and work with China to safeguard a free international order. There are 7.5 billion people in the world, but only 12% live in western countries, and the rest live in non-western countries. Therefore, the western "one-sided view" can’t completely and objectively reflect China’s real international behavior, but also depends on the views of another 88% of the world’s population. In fact, these people welcome the rise of China and are willing to cooperate with China for mutual benefit. The United States may not join the "Belt and Road Initiative", but many countries are waiting in line to join.

  Small and medium-sized countries all want to uphold international law, and international affairs are decided by neutral institutions, not by superpowers unilaterally. As the United States continues to withdraw from multilateral agreements, what other countries need to do is to jointly safeguard multilateral order. If the United States really wants to maintain a free international order, it should show its sincerity to China and its willingness to strengthen the free international order, and set an example as the world’s number one power, instead of exploiting the loopholes of international law for its own self-interest. Ma Kaishuo in "Did the West Fail? It is pointed out that the West should adopt the "3M" strategy in order to achieve strategic extrication: First, it should adopt Minimalism, fight less and interfere in other countries’ affairs with less force; Second, embrace "Multilateralism", accept the fact that western power is declining, understand the ideas of non-western countries, and cooperate with other countries to strengthen the authority of global multilateral organizations and improve their efficiency; Third, the implementation of "Machiavellianism" and the use of "strategic cunning" to protect long-term interests and create a society that can improve people’s well-being. The biggest problem in the west now is that it doesn’t know itself, and it doesn’t realize that its strength is decreasing.

  4. Undeniably, China still faces many challenges in improving human rights, but it has made great achievements. Decades ago, people in China had a poor livelihood, and no one even traveled abroad. But now the situation has changed, and the life of China people has greatly improved. Now, there are 134 million outbound tourists every year. However, western countries always look at problems with "black and white" thinking. American human rights standards are indeed higher than China’s, but this does not mean that American society is progressing and China society is regressing. In fact, in the past 30 years, the United States is the only major developed economy where the average income of low-income groups has declined. Two-thirds of American families can’t afford $500 in emergency cash. The United States is also the first developed country to use torture to extract confessions again. Look at Guantanamo.

  The great debate about China is an intuitive embodiment of the repositioning of the rising China in the West.

  This debate reflects that major western countries such as the United States and Canada are paying close attention to China’s role and future direction as China’s strength approaches the United States and is poised to surpass it. The debate about China in the whole society is an intuitive embodiment of its repositioning of the rising China, and it is expected that there may be similar debates in the future. At the same time, it also reflects the following specific trends:

  First, the United States and its major western allies still have a high degree of consensus on the issue of "China threat". Before the debate, the audience voted that the proportion of "China is a threat to the free international order" reached 76%, while that of "is a threat to the free international order" reached 24%, reflecting that the "China threat theory" still has a high degree of identity in Canada and other major US allies. Most of the viewpoints in the debate between McMaster and Bai Bangrui are deliberately exaggerated and false accusations, which shows that the sense of urgency and anxiety in the US strategic community is rising with the narrowing of the strength gap between China and the United States and the expansion of strategic competition. Any move by China to develop its strength, even if it was not intended to be directed at the United States, was regarded as a threat by the United States strategically. For this reason, McMaster and his wife tried their best to play up China’s threat and damage to Canada, divide and alienate China-Canada relations, hold and consolidate the western United front, and rally around me.

  Second, Canada and other medium-sized countries have a rising sense of confusion in the current evolution of the international structure. At present, the relationship between Canada and China has fallen into a trough because of the Meng Wanzhou case, and at the same time, differences with the United States have increased on many issues such as economy, trade and diplomacy. Canadian society and academic circles hope to clarify Canada’s position and direction in the future international structure through such big debates. With the intensification of the strategic game between China and the United States, there may be more middle-power countries facing the dilemma of whether and how to choose sides between China and the United States, and the debate on the game between China and China and the United States will further heat up.

  Third, there is still room for public diplomacy and public opinion guidance. Ma Kaishuo’s point of view is supported by both strategic analysis and specific figures, which has had a positive impact on the audience. After the debate, the proportion of the audience who thought that "China is not a threat to the free international order" rose from 24% to 26%.

Beijing announces the grading standard of on-site physical education entrance examination, which will be implemented in 2024.

In order to highlight the health orientation, achieve a good score, pay attention to science, foundation and fairness … … A few days ago, Beijing Education Examinations Institute announced the Scoring Standard for Physical Education and Health Assessment of Compulsory Education in Beijing (hereinafter referred to as "Scoring Standard"), and the senior high school entrance examination in 2024 began to apply.

Scientific formulation and highlighting health orientation

It is understood that in December 2021, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued the "Beijing Compulsory Education Physical Education and Health Assessment Scheme" (hereinafter referred to as the "Evaluation Scheme"), which not only increased the process assessment, but also greatly adjusted the content of the on-site examination, further expanded the number of items, and adopted the method of classification and selection restriction, which divided four categories and set up 22 examination contents, of which the first category (quality item 1) middle and long-distance running events (.

According to reports, the total score of Beijing compulsory education physical education and health assessment is 70 points, including 40 points for process assessment and 30 points for on-site examination. Compared with the original on-the-spot physical education entrance examination items, on the one hand, the original item standards were adjusted scientifically, including five items: 1000m for boys, 800m for girls, pull-ups, sit-ups and solid balls, among which four items, 1000m for boys, 800m for girls, pull-ups and sit-ups, were also tested in the National Physical Health Standards for Students (revised in 2014). On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the data of physical education senior high school entrance examination, sampling test and unified test since 2017, according to the national students’ physical health standards, it is adjusted according to the principle of "reaching good is full score". Among them, girls are 800 meters, 3 minutes and 55 seconds, and boys are 1000 meters, 4 minutes and 05 seconds, which is the perfect score. On the other hand, the standards for newly added items are formulated scientifically, and the 17 newly added items are also formulated in accordance with the principle of "reaching good marks means full marks", with reference to the National Physical Training Standards, sports-related standards for senior high school entrance examinations in other provinces and cities, empirical data analysis and expert argumentation opinions. The new project is not more difficult than the original project. For example, skipping rope 180 times a minute is a perfect score.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, the formulation of scoring standards is consistent with the original intention of the reform of physical education and health assessment, that is, taking exams and scoring are by no means an end, but as a carrier to guide children to form good healthy living habits and truly realize the enjoyment, physical fitness, sound personality and temper will in sports. At the same time, we should pay attention to science, foundation and fairness, consider the diversity of choices and individual differences, weaken the pressure, reduce the difference of scores, strengthen the process, and encourage participation.

Repeatedly demonstrate and solicit suggestions from many parties.

According to reports, in order to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the standards, on the one hand, comprehensive empirical data were analyzed in depth during the development process, and the on-site examination data of physical education senior high school entrance examination over the years since 2017 were analyzed in depth from the existing physical education senior high school entrance examination standards and national standards, and with reference to sampling, unified measurement and other relevant standards in provinces and cities. At the same time, some schools and students are collected and analyzed in stages as a reference for standard formulation. On the other hand, the Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences organized a team of special-grade teachers and backbone teachers to participate in the development of the grading standards. At the same time, experts in education, sports and health, adolescent physical health, education policy and law in the think tank of education reform experts further calibrated the grading standards with the overall direction and macro requirements of education reform in the capital, and repeatedly demonstrated and improved them.

Optimize the group examination and do a good job in service guarantee.

According to the introduction of Beijing Education Examinations Institute, fully considering the characteristics of many examination items, many candidates’ choice combinations, and different requirements for venues in each project group, the examination arrangement will be more scientific and standardized, and the examination room will be arranged according to the candidates’ choice combinations and the characteristics of each project. Generally speaking, the swimming event will be arranged in an independent unit (one unit every half day) for examination, and all other examination items will be completed in two similar units.

In the examination organization, it will be more rigorous and meticulous. Each district will prepare a special examination place (test center) for the examination, and organize the implementation according to the principle of "unified examination time, unified examination items, unified examination rules, unified grading standards, unified venue equipment settings and equipment standards". Candidates can learn about the examination arrangements of their chosen projects in time through junior high schools before the examination, so as to get ready. In the implementation of the examination, it will be more efficient and orderly. Each test center has relevant areas such as candidate assembly area, preparation area, examination area and rescue area, reasonably arrange the examination venues and equipment for each project, and scientifically plan the examination path. During the examination, candidates will be organized and guided by special personnel according to the project and grouping situation to ensure that candidates complete the examination according to the optimization process.

Regarding the push of test information that parents and candidates are concerned about, Beijing Education Examinations Institute said that each candidate who takes the test can choose the test items independently according to the requirements of the implementation plan of physical education examination (the preliminary plan of the option is arranged at the end of this semester), and after each district completes the test preparation (usually in March), the information such as the test time, test location and test item arrangement will be notified to each candidate in time through junior high schools, so that candidates can prepare for the test. Specific arrangements and relevant requirements will also be informed to candidates and parents in advance through the school.

Home-school cooperation serves children’s healthy growth

According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, the on-site examination has further expanded the number of items in order to give more children the opportunity to take the examination with their favorite and best items, so as to stimulate the endogenous motivation of children’s physical exercise and test their health, sports ability and sports interest. At the same time, it also advocates that schools and families actively create an atmosphere of physical exercise, and parents should accompany their children to participate in some physical exercise activities.

According to reports, after the announcement of the scoring standard, a comprehensive and systematic policy interpretation and training will be carried out. On the one hand, the policy content, the considerations behind it, and the significance to the healthy growth and all-round development of children will be accurately and comprehensively conveyed to teachers and students’ parents; On the other hand, training guidance will be strengthened, and the school will guide every child and every family to make project selection and corresponding preparations.

(CCTV reporter Pan Hongxu Dai Qinfu)

Sell 93,900 yuan Changan Yidong PLUS high-energy version listed.

  [car home new car on the market] On June 1st,Changan Yidong PLUS High Energy Edition was officially launched.The price is 93,900 yuan.Changan Automobile also specially planned the "Changan Mid-year Car Carnival Festival". During the activity, the (|)PLUS High Energy Edition can enjoy a limited time trade-in subsidy of up to 31,000 yuan. In addition, users can also enjoy 0 down payment, 60 long loans, and 3 years and 6 basic maintenance.

Home of the car

Home of the car

Home of the car

Changan Automobile Yidong 2023 Enjoy Edition PLUS Blue Whale NE1.4T GDDCT Premium Edition

  In terms of appearance, the new car adopts a gradual grille of light and shadow, which is gradually distributed, and with the sharp LED light group, it adds points to the sense of movement of the whole car. In addition, the front part of the vehicle is decorated with red lines, which makes the visual effect more flexible. On the side of the car body, the car adopts a segmented waistline design, and a more curved line shape is adopted at the rear door position to make the rear of the car fuller. The tail of the new car is made of penetrating taillights and duckling tail spoiler. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4730/1820/1505mm and the wheelbase is 2700mm respectively.

Changan Automobile Yidong 2023 Enjoy Edition PLUS Blue Whale NE1.4T GDDCT Premium Edition

  In the interior part, the new car adopts the contrast design of interstellar black and nebula red, and is equipped with a suspended central control design and an integrated 10.25-inch high-definition LCD touch screen. In addition, the central control screen is tilted 10 to the main driver, so that the driver can control the screen function more conveniently. The car will also be equipped with Incall 3.0S intelligent interactive system to integrate communication, entertainment, security and other services.

  AI Xiaoan, an intelligent voice assistant, can query the weather, play music, navigate and so on. Users can also change the wake-up words according to their own preferences to achieve "visible and ready to speak". The navigation system of HKUST will be equipped with an online map of Gaode, which can provide route solutions according to real-time traffic information. In the process of driving, it can also continuously update the service area information through high-speed information flow, which is convenient to choose the appropriate stopping point according to its own situation. In terms of configuration, the car will match the Zhixing driver assistance system, equipped with four high-definition wide-angle cameras around the car body, bringing 360 high-definition panoramic images, 180 chassis perspective, and equipped with a driving recorder.

Changan Automobile Yidong 2023 Enjoy Edition PLUS Blue Whale NE1.4T GDDCT Premium Edition

  In terms of power, the high-energy version of Changan Yidong PLUS is equipped with the NE1.4T high-pressure direct injection engine of Blue Whale and the 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox of Blue Whale, which can output a maximum power of 118KW and a peak torque of 260 N m. The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers under WLTC comprehensive working conditions is 6.4L (Text/car home yaoyu)

HarmonyOS Zhixing APP, a new intelligent experience of Huawei Auto!

The zhixing APP was officially put on the shelves, which is an application specially developed for cars in the cockpit. It can not only help car owners to control their cars and check their status, but also has an exchange community where car owners and prospective car owners can communicate with each other.

HarmonyOS Zhixing APP is another important measure of Huawei in the field of smart cars. It integrates a variety of functions and provides a new intelligent driving experience for car owners. Through this application, the owner can easily control various functions of the car, including navigation, music playback, air conditioning adjustment and so on. In addition, it also supports voice control, making driving more convenient and safe.

In addition to the control function, HarmonyOS Zhixing APP also has a wealth of information display functions. The owner can check the status information of the car through it, including fuel consumption, mileage, fault tips and so on. This information is presented in an intuitive and clear way, so that the owner can keep abreast of the running status of the car at any time.

The most exciting thing is that HarmonyOS Zhixing APP also has an exchange community. Here, car owners and prospective car owners can speak freely and share their driving experience and experience. The answer can be found here, whether it is about the skills of using a car or the advice and experience of buying a car. This community will become a platform for car owners to communicate and interact, so that everyone can grow together.

In a word, the launch of HarmonyOS Zhixing APP marks the further development of Huawei in the field of smart cars. It will bring a brand-new intelligent driving experience to car owners, so that they can better control their cars. At the same time, through the construction of exchange community, car owners can also learn from each other and make progress together. I believe that with the continuous upgrading and improvement of HarmonyOS Zhixing APP, it will bring more surprises and convenience to users.

Scene Mode Feature | Camping Mode

Do you also want to go out for a stroll and drive around in your spare time? The following article is about how this camping mode can come in handy when driving out to camp. Let’s take a look at more content to learn!

Camping mode, also known as "camping space"/"parking comfort"/"camping mode".

It means that after the function is turned on, the vehicle air conditioning system can continue to work, and the battery can continue to supply external power to provide the power required for camping. Generally, there is a maximum discharge limit to prevent the battery from over-discharging.

On the Model Y’s air-conditioning interface, clicking "Camping" will display the following instructions: The vehicle will remain powered on until the battery drops to 20%, and Sentinel mode, security alerts, and exit locks will be disabled.

After the mode starts, the screen will remain normally on, and the air conditioner will switch to automatic mode, but the user can still operate the air conditioner settings freely. Even if the automatic mode is exited, it will not exit the camping mode in combination. The exit method of this mode can only be manually turned off or automatically exited after the battery is lower than 20%.

After clicking "Camping Space", a second prompt appeared in the system pop-up window: Under the camping space, the vehicle will remain powered on until the vehicle battery is lower than 20%.

Attention: If the vehicle battery is lower than 20% and is not charging, or if there is an abnormality in the vehicle’s high voltage system, it will automatically exit the camping space and open the window to ventilation mode.

After officially entering the mode, the system will enter the exclusive homepage of camping mode, which adds functions and applications commonly used by users in camping scenarios:

You can set the screen to turn off in the upper right corner of the main interface of the mode:

Click "Discharge":

Exit "camping mode" is also similar to Tesla, that is, manually turn off or automatically exit after the battery drops below 20%.

In the settings, there is an introduction below the "Camping Mode" button: Please pay attention to the power condition before camping. After turning it on, the vehicle will remain powered on, and the range extender will be disabled.

The system pop-up window shows a secondary prompt: the vehicle will remain powered on, the air conditioner will default to automatic mode, and the battery will be low to 10% to exit camping.

Please lock the door before the break.

The above mode duration gives the user up to 2 hours of activation time.

After the user clicks "Start Camping", the screen of the whole car goes black directly, and it needs to be clicked multiple times to restore the screen to light up.

After the screen lights up, go directly back to the main page of the system.

At this time, if you need to manually exit the camping mode, the user needs to click "Settings" → "Mode" → "Camping Mode" again to turn off the camping mode.

Click the introduction button under "Camping Mode":

After clicking Start "Camping Mode", the second prompt pop-up window:

After officially starting the mode, it prompts "NOMI to enter Do Not Disturb Mode", and "ON" is displayed in the upper right corner of the mode. The screen remains always on and can operate all the functions of the system normally. However, in addition to manually exiting the mode, unlike other cars, ET7 uses the remaining battery life to inform the user when the mode automatically exits.

In addition to this, multiple settings after the start of custom camping mode are also supported:

  • Off screen delay setting
  • Lighting Stealth Mode
  • Doors are locked
  • Close the windows

You can also set whether to add "Camping Mode" to the drop-down menu bar for quick opening.

Click "Camping Mode" to directly enter the mode page. On the page, you can see the time when the remaining power is available to turn on the mode:

Unlike other cars, F7’s "camping mode" allows users to customize the minimum remaining battery value:

Click the mode introduction button of "Parking Comfort": Keep the air conditioning, audio & video and other functions available after parking until the set time ends or the battery is lower than 20%.

The custom duration of the mode is at least 0.5 hours, and it can be set for up to 8 hours or "normally open":

There is a status prompt after the mode is turned on, and the mode supports manual or automatic exit.

The following are all models equipped with "camping mode" on the Xingke Zhilian platform, and the product details are recorded in the execution of the mode:

We observed that:

  • The prerequisite for all models to turn on "camping mode" must be that the vehicle is in the parked gear (P gear) state, and the vehicle cannot switch gears after the mode starts.
  • Due to the greater demand for electric energy in electric vehicles, the minimum remaining power requirements of electric vehicles are higher than those of extended-range/plug-in models.
  • Considering the camping scene, the user’s environment is changeable, and the user request is also full of variables. Therefore, after the "camping mode" is turned on, giving the user more setting options will not only make it more convenient for the user’s various environmental needs, but also help the vehicle save electricity and fuel. For example, after the Lynk & Co 08 turns on the camping mode, the user can quickly operate the discharge, or quickly open Karaoke, a film and television entertainment application. At the same time, the Lynk & Co 08 and NIO ET7 are also the only models that can operate the off-screen in the mode, giving the user the option to turn off the screen and save power.

How to build a beautiful China in the next five years? Listen to what the Minister of Ecology and Environment said at the press conference of the State Council Office.

Beijing, July 27 (Reporter Jing Wong) On the morning of July 27, the State Council Press Office held a series of news conferences on the theme of "Opening by Authorities", and invited Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu to introduce the situation of "strengthening ecological environmental protection and comprehensively promoting the construction of beautiful China" and answer reporters’ questions.

Huang Runqiu introduced at the meeting that, after a lapse of five years, the National Ecological Environment Protection Conference was held in July this year, which was another important milestone in the field of ecological civilization construction.

Huang Runqiu pointed out that the next five years will be an important period for the construction of beautiful China.

The State Council Office held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening the Authority Department" to introduce the situation of "strengthening ecological environmental protection and comprehensively promoting the construction of beautiful China" (photo by Jing Wong, a reporter from the Central Broadcasting Network)

"4561" opens a new milestone in the construction of ecological civilization

In May 2018, the CPC Central Committee held a national ecological environmental protection conference. From July 17 to 18 this year, after a lapse of five years, the national ecological environmental protection conference was held again. Huang Runqiu said that this is another important milestone in the field of ecological civilization construction, which can be summarized by "4561": "4" is "four major changes", "5" is "five major relationships", "6" is "six major tasks" and "1" is "a major requirement".

Huang Runqiu introduced that the "four major changes" are a comprehensive summary of the remarkable achievements made in the construction of ecological civilization in the new era. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s ecological civilization construction has achieved a major transformation from key rectification to systematic governance, from passive response to active action, from global environmental governance participants to leaders, from practical exploration to scientific theory guidance, and has made great achievements, which has also become a remarkable symbol of historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the state in the new era.

"Five Major Relationships" indicates that the Party’s understanding of the regularity of ecological civilization construction has been further deepened and developed. Huang Runqiu said, in the new stage, new situation and new tasks, in order to continuously promote the construction of ecological civilization, we must properly handle the five relationships: high-quality development and high-level protection, key attack and coordinated governance, natural restoration and artificial restoration, external constraints and endogenous motivation, and "double carbon" commitment and independent action.

The "six major tasks" are the overall strategic deployment for the construction of ecological civilization and beautiful China. Huang Runqiu pointed out that the next five years will be a crucial period for the construction of beautiful China. It is necessary to continue to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of development mode, strive to enhance the diversity, stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, actively and steadily promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, keep the safety bottom line for the construction of beautiful China, and improve the security system for the construction of beautiful China.

Huang Runqiu introduced that these "six major tasks" are major strategic arrangements made to implement the Party’s 20 major strategic arrangements and aim at the goal of building a beautiful China in the next five years and by 2035.

"A major requirement" is to emphasize upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership over the construction of ecological civilization. "Past practice shows that the party’s leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the ecological environment protection and ecological civilization construction to make great progress. Facing the new situation, new problems and new challenges of ecological civilization construction on the new journey, we must continue to strengthen the party’s overall leadership over ecological civilization construction and resolutely shoulder the political responsibility of ecological environmental protection. " Huang Runqiu said.

Data map: Wenzhou, Zhejiang, the special protection area for the restoration of blue bay in Ximen Island, Yandang Town, Yueqing City.

In the next five years, we will promote the global coverage of beautiful China construction according to local conditions and steps.

At present, "Beautiful China" is a hot word with high frequency. At present, how to effectively promote the good construction experience in various places and take more measures to make the rivers and mountains of Wan Li in the motherland more colorful has attracted the attention of all sectors of society.

At the press conference held by the State Council today (27th), Huang Runqiu said that the next five years will be an important period for the construction of beautiful China. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will make great efforts to create beautiful blue sky, beautiful rivers and lakes, beautiful bays and beautiful mountains and rivers, speed up the construction of beautiful China pioneer areas, beautiful provinces, this beautiful city and beautiful countryside, promote the construction of beautiful China in a step-by-step manner according to local conditions, create a vivid picture of building and sharing beautiful China, and draw an updated picture of beautiful China.

Huang Runqiu said that in terms of research and deployment, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment should strengthen strategic planning and top-level design, continue to study the index system for the construction of beautiful China, anchor the goal of basically building beautiful China by 2035, and study the phased strategic arrangement, which is the overall path for the "14th Five-Year Plan", the "10th Five-Year Plan" to be continuously consolidated, and the "16th Five-Year Plan" to be comprehensively improved.

In the aspect of typical promotion, we should emphasize "beauty" as the core orientation, organically combine the systematic solution of ecological environment problems with meeting the people’s needs for a beautiful ecological environment and promoting the realization of the value of ecological products, and publicize and promote good experiences, good practices and good cases from all over the world with the guidance of realizing beautiful rivers and lakes with "clear water and green shores and shallow fish" and beautiful bays with "clean water and clean beaches, fish gulls gathering together and harmonious people".

In terms of local practice, we have issued special guidance on promoting the construction of beautiful China, and Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Hebei and other provinces have made efforts to explore the practical model of the construction of beautiful China. For example, Fujian put forward a five-beauty system of "this beautiful city-beautiful countryside-beautiful rivers and lakes-beautiful bay-beautiful countryside"; Sichuan regards beautiful space and culture as important contents. Cities such as Hangzhou, Shenzhen and Qingdao have put forward more ambitious requirements and targets for the construction of this beautiful city.

Data map: Southeast Guizhou, the rural ecological environment is excellent, and irises are flying.

Four aspects of work promote high-quality development and high-level protection

Huang Runqiu also mentioned "five major relationships", that is, "handling high-quality development and high-level protection". Huang Runqiu said, first of all, high-level protection is an important support for high-quality development, and it is also the proper meaning. Leaving the development of environmental protection is not in line with the new development concept, let alone high quality.

Secondly, high-level protection can ensure the high-quality development and keep the bottom line by means of ecological environment zoning control and environmental impact assessment. Furthermore, high-level protection can promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, energy structure and transportation structure through the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction and the improvement of environmental standards, thus forcing high-quality development.

On the other hand, the achievements of high-quality development can promote the construction of eco-environmental protection projects and the development of environmental protection industries by increasing financial input, developing green finance, ecological compensation mechanisms and other policy tools, thus contributing to high-level protection.

Huang Runqiu also introduced four tasks carried out by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in promoting high-quality development and high-level protection in recent years.

The first is to strengthen the prevention of the source of ecological environment.The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has comprehensively promoted the zoning control of the ecological environment, and about 40,000 environmental control units have been designated throughout the country, thus setting a clear bottom line and drawing a border for high-quality development. By the end of last year, about 300 million tons of backward and surplus steel, 400 million tons of cement and 150 million weight boxes of flat glass had been eliminated nationwide.

The second is to promote the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction.The Ministry of Ecology and Environment strengthens the coordinated management of environmental quality improvement and carbon emission, and promotes the implementation of structural emission reduction. The number of coal-fired boilers and kilns nationwide has been reduced from nearly 500,000 to less than 100,000 at present, reducing the use of coal by more than 400 million tons. In the northern region, about 37 million rural loose coal households have been treated, reducing the consumption of loose coal by more than 70 million tons. 1.03 billion kilowatts of coal-fired power units have completed ultra-low emission transformation, and 680 million tons of steel production capacity has completed or is completing ultra-low emission transformation. More than 30 million old and high-emission motor vehicles were eliminated.

The third is to implement major ecological and environmental protection projects.Vigorously promote the construction of environmental infrastructure, carry out innovative pilot projects of eco-environment oriented project development (EOD), and vigorously develop eco-environmental protection industries. In 2022, the operating income of the national environmental protection industry reached 2.22 trillion yuan, which has become an important force in the green economy. We have promoted the treatment of urban black and odorous water bodies, restored urban water ecosystems, and basically eliminated black and odorous water bodies in cities at prefecture level and above, which not only improved the ecological environment, but also improved the quality of cities and achieved high-quality development.

The fourth is to build a green development highland.The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has further promoted the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and other major strategic ecological environmental protection work in national regions, improved and optimized the regional joint prevention and control mechanism, and formed a good pattern of joint protection and joint governance. We deepened the establishment of ecological civilization demonstration, named six batches of 468 ecological civilization demonstration zones and 187 "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases, and guided all localities to actively explore new ways of green, low-carbon and high-quality development.

Look, the wonders of Huashan Mountain! The exclusive beauty you can’t miss ~

It is majestic and majestic, it is steep and straight, and it is also the mountain. The beauty of Huashan is varied. It also has many unique scenery that can’t be missed. Let’s go and have a look!
Junxiu mountain range
Of the five mountains, Xiyue is famous for its risks. Huashan Mountain rises from the Weihe Plain, like a huge stone that has been chiseled by a knife on all sides. The mountain is majestic, with towering peaks, facing the Yellow River in front and the Qinling Mountains in the back.
For thousands of years, Huashan has always been famous for its dangers, and it is known as the "first mountain in the world". There are strange peaks and rocks all over the mountain, and the scenery of the whole mountain has the majestic beauty of standing and rugged rocks.
Black dragon Ridge, whose ridge is like a dragon’s ridge, is vast and green, winding and circling, with deep valleys on both sides and steep potential. According to legend, when Han Yu came here after traveling to the mountain, he was in pain because he was afraid that he could not go down the mountain. He threw a book down the mountain to say goodbye to his family, leaving an anecdote of "the place where Han retreated to throw a book".
Qixianshan road
Huashan’s climbing road is winding and there are cliffs everywhere. Before the opening of Zhishui Huashan Road, there was only a very steep road leading to the mountain in Huashan. People often used the saying "There was only one road in Huashan since ancient times" to describe its danger.
For climbers, the first intimate contact is the mountain road with both strange and dangerous Huashan Mountain. All the way, you must go through many dangerous roads before you can enjoy the risks of Huashan, so the road to Mount Huashan is famous from ancient times to the present. Third, the kite facing the air turns over, which is even more dangerous in Huashan Road. When the climber passes by, he has to turn his body around like an eagle kite to get through. I believe that his wonderful work will make you amazed.
The infinite scenery of Huashan is in the word "strange danger". Simply looking at the scenery can’t appreciate the essence of Huashan. Only by personally crossing this road, climbing the mountain on foot, walking through all the dangerous roads, and then standing on the top, will there be a sense of stepping on your feet and being heroic.
Pictographic peak
Huashan Mountain is winding and steep, and there are many dangerous cliffs and roads, and the grotesque peaks have formed their own pictographic postures after years of carving by nature.
Huashan Mountain has five peaks: the east, the west, the south, the north and the middle. The main peaks are the south peak "Wild Goose", the east peak "Chaoyang" and the west peak "Lotus". The three peaks stand tall, and they are called "three peaks outside the sky".
Huayue Xianzhang is a "giant palm" created by nature, which is fantastic and spectacular, ranking first among the "eight scenic spots in Guanzhong".
The whole Xifeng is a natural boulder, facing the sky in the north, with steep cliffs like knives and saws, and the east and west sides like lotus flowers, so it is also called "Lotus Peak", and it is also the place where legendary stories such as "Saving Mother by Cutting Mountain" and "Lotus Lantern" take place.
Mountain stream Yuntai
The flat land in the dangerous peak often highlights the danger of the mountain and the strength of the scenery. The flat Yuntai is dotted in the treacherous mountain road, which is round and round, exquisite and complicated.
The summit of Yuntai Mountain is flat, and the famous story of "outsmarting Huashan Mountain" happened on Yuntai Mountain. The chess pavilion on the platform of Dongfeng is a lonely pavilion, facing the air on three sides, and there is a feeling of being physically and mentally open and the world is long when you board here.
When the clouds rise and the fog rises, it is like a fairy island on the sea, flickering, making people want to go home by the wind and get high. Climbers can look up from the Yuntai platform and enjoy the beautiful mountain scenery in their leisure time.
Cultural monuments
Huashan is one of the cradles of Chinese culture. According to the research of Zhang Taiyan, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, "China" and "Huaxia" are both named after Huashan. There are many ancient buildings on the mountain, and temples, pavilions, statues and stone carvings can be seen everywhere. Whenever the clouds are misty, temples and pavilions are dotted with peaks and valleys of the mountain, which makes climbers feel like they are in a fairyland.
Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Li Bai, Du Fu and other literati have recited more than a thousand poems, inscriptions and travel notes of Huashan Mountain, and carved as many as a thousand rocks. Huashan Mountain is also a Taoist resort, the "fourth cave" of Taoism. There are 72 semi-suspended caves and more than 20 Taoist temples in the mountain, among which Yuquanyuan, host institute and Zhenyue Palace are listed as national key Taoist temples.
A generation of martial arts master, Mr. Jin Yong, felt the immortal spirit and aura of Huashan Mountain, and even more admired the wonders of Huashan Mountain, so he chose the highest level of martial arts novels to be held at the top of Huashan Mountain, that is, "Huashan on Sword".
After reading it, will everyone sigh: Huashan is a strange adventure, but it is not just a danger! Then, you must not miss these exclusive scenery of Huashan!
Source: Huashan Scenic Area
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