Annotations are words that explain some contents in a paper. In order to clearly show the inheritance and development relationship between documents and avoid academic misconduct caused by irregular citations, we must attach great importance to the annotation citation norms of papers.
1. Annotations in dissertations can be divided into content annotations and source annotations according to their functions.
(1) the content note is mainly to further explain some words in the paper, but it is put outside the paragraph in order not to interrupt or isolate the coherent narrative;
(2) the source note is mainly to protect the copyright of the original author and indicate the source of some words and opinions for readers to verify.
2. Notes are divided into parenthesis, marginal notes, footnotes, endnotes, table notes and illustrations according to their positions in the text.
① The parenthesis is located at the back of the explained text in the text, which is also called the annotation in the text;
2 footnotes are arranged at the bottom of the page according to the page, also known as the bottom note;
③ The endnotes are mainly arranged after the main text of the paper, which is also called the endnotes;
(4) table notes and illustrations are arranged below tables or illustrations.
Three, in the use of notes should pay attention to the following points:
① Necessity. Comments should only be made when necessary.
② Correlation. The content of notes should be closely related to the content of notes, and should not deviate from the purpose of writing.
③ Accuracy. Annotations should be accurate and not corrupted.
④ Integrity. Notes should be complete and complete when they first appear.
⑤ Consistency. Usually there is only one type of citation note in the whole paper.
⑥ Connectivity. Comments should not affect the coherence of the main content, so as to avoid interrupting the normal writing.
Four, how to choose when using notes
① Generally, foreign place names, names or uncommon terms appearing for the first time in the article are treated as parenthesis. Notes are enclosed in parentheses, and if there are parentheses, they are enclosed in square brackets. The font and font size of the notes in the text are usually the same as the text.
(2) an independent text that supplements and explains a problem mentioned in the text is generally treated as a footnote. According to the order in which they appear on the same page, arrange the serial numbers in the upper right corner of the annotated text, such as ①, ② … The serial numbers should be located close to the annotated text. Footnote serial numbers should be compiled in the whole book or arranged separately on each side. The footnote is placed under the footnote line, and the length of the footnote line should be 1/4 of the page center. The serial number of the note is consistent with the serial number in the text, and the font size of the note is generally one size smaller than the text.
(3) comments on a certain part can also be listed at the end of the article in the form of endnotes. The word "note" should be added to the end note. Note codes are numbered consecutively according to the sequence in which the notes appear. The form and arrangement of serial numbers are the same as those in footnotes, and the serial numbers of notes are consistent with those in the text.
(4) Notes on references in dissertations belong to citation notes, which should comply with the requirements of the Rules for the Description of References after Papers (GB/T7714-2015), and their serial numbers are generally marked in square brackets and in the form of endnotes, which are consistent with the instructions in the text.
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