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Nucleic acid test can’t ＂ah＂ sound？ Disease control experts dispel doubts

　　The reporter learned from the press conference on epidemic prevention and control in Jilin City held today (30th) that recently, some citizens asked whether to make an "ah" sound during nucleic acid testing. In response to this question, Sun Dianwei, director of Jilin CDC, introduced:

　　1. Before participating in nucleic acid sampling, residents should wear medical surgical masks to go out, bring their mobile phones or personal identification documents, prepare spare masks, and go to the nucleic acid sampling point according to the time notified by the community.

　　2. Keep a distance of more than two meters from others when waiting in line for sampling, and do not gather or talk. Wear a mask during the whole process of queuing, and do not touch the protective clothing of sampling personnel, the testing platform and the items on the testing platform during the testing process.

　　3. After the sampling, put on the mask immediately, leave the site as soon as possible, and don’t stop, ask or talk. After taking off the mask at home, wash your hands and disinfect first, and wipe your mobile phone and keys with sterile wipes or 75% alcohol.

　　4. When detecting nucleic acid, you can’t make an "ah" sound.This is because when the sampler is a positive patient, shouting "ah" may exhale a lot of viruses.And aerosol is formed in the sampling area, which causes environmental pollution at the sampling point. When the next citizen takes part in nucleic acid testing, he may inevitably inhale the aerosol of the virus into the respiratory tract.

　　The correct way to cooperate is to keep a distance from the people in front and behind.When the former one is sampling, don’t look closely.When you are assigned to yourself, wait for the staff to take out the throat swab and open your mouth when you are ready, but don’t exhale, hold your breath, try to open your mouth and make an "ah" mouth shape so that the staff can see your tonsils so that the sampling can be completed smoothly.

　　(Headquarters reporter Yuan Jingwei Jiang Zhi)

Tax reduction and fee reduction escort ＂express economy＂

In the past two days, along with the cool wind, there is also the express delivery of the "Double Eleven" order. The sudden drop in temperature can not affect the enthusiasm of "buying in buy buy". In the eleventh year of the "Double Eleven" Shopping Festival, while the e-commerce platform has once again set a new sales record, logistics companies are constantly creating new speeds for express delivery. Tax reduction and fee reduction is like an "invisible hand", which supports the development of logistics enterprises and escorts the "express economy".

Tax reduction funds are replaced by new equipment, and logistics runs out of "acceleration"

Benefiting from a series of tax reduction and fee reduction policies such as deepening the reform of value-added tax, Shantou SF Express Co., Ltd. has more funds to invest in equipment renewal and technological innovation this year to ensure that it can run out of the logistics "acceleration" during the shopping season such as "Double Eleven".

The picture shows the tax personnel entering the enterprise logistics warehouse, understanding the intelligent warehousing system and explaining the tax reduction and fee reduction policies that enterprises can enjoy.

Shantou SF Express is mainly engaged in receiving and dispatching services, covering downtown Shantou, Chaoyang District, Chaonan District and Nan ‘ao County. According to the person in charge of finance of the company, the reform of value-added tax was implemented on April 1 this year, and the company met the applicable conditions of the policy of adding and deducting value-added tax for production and life services, and accumulated input tax of value-added tax was added and deducted by nearly one million yuan.

"The upgrade of the tax reduction red envelope has given our company great confidence." The person in charge of the company’s finance said: "We will use the reduced funds to research and develop information technology equipment with high-tech content, continuously improve the level of operation automation, and realize the information monitoring, tracking, inquiry and resource scheduling of the whole process and link of express mail product circulation, ensuring the steady improvement of service quality."

It is understood that Shantou SF Express has developed a one-stop supply chain solution for different types of customers, such as e-commerce, medicine, auto parts and electronics. It has a self-developed smart network platform, an automatic sorting system, a nationwide route network and business outlets.

The favorable tax reduction not only reduces the financial burden of logistics companies, but also transmits it to the consumption link layer by layer, giving full play to the promotion of consumption upgrading. Shantou SF Express has continuously launched services such as "small parts" and "special offers" this year. By reducing the express service fee, it has increased the volume of express mail, expanding market share and realizing profitability, while actually benefiting consumers.

"The strong support of the national tax preferential policies has enabled our logistics enterprises to embark on the track of rapid development, and it has also given us more confidence to go ahead and strengthened our confidence in future development." The enterprise said that the company will make full use of the tax reduction and fee reduction policy, actively explore logistics technology innovation and management innovation, accelerate the digital and intelligent transformation, and provide consumers with better logistics services.

The invoice service is delivered to the door, and the efficiency of the courier company is busy.

After the "Double Eleven", the busiest is the logistics enterprise. According to the introduction of Fuzhou Expressway Logistics Park, since the 11th, the number of packages in and out of Shentong Express has reached 380,000, 2.5 times that of usual; The volume of express parcels in and out of Debon is about 80,000 pieces, which is twice as much as usual … Therefore, Fuzhou Taxation Bureau of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China took the initiative to organize a professional tax publicity team to send policies to enterprises, and advised enterprises to use electronic taxation bureau to improve tax efficiency.

"You’re too timely, you see! Even I came to help sort the package, and I didn’t have time to apply for an invoice! " Yesterday, at the Shentong Express Distribution Center in Fuzhou Expressway Logistics Park, financial officer Xiao Chen put down the parcel sorted in his hand and said.

"Now you don’t have to run the hall to apply for an invoice. Through the online tax bureau, you can apply for an electronic invoice or apply for a paper invoice to be delivered home. " The staff of Minhou County Taxation Bureau in State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China provided on-site guidance to Xiao Chen to apply for invoices online.

According to the staff of Fuzhou Expressway Logistics Park, more than 10 well-known logistics enterprises such as Debon Logistics, Shentong Express, Anneng Logistics, Xinbang Logistics and Yafeng Express have settled in the distribution center of Fuzhou Expressway Logistics Park, with an annual distribution volume of more than 10 million pieces. After the "Double Eleven", all the courier companies in the logistics park fought for the front line. The on-site service of the tax bureau can help them get familiar with the tax process quickly and save time.

The same situation is also staged in Lianjiang. Chen Hua, the person in charge of Lianjiang County Supply and Marketing E-Commerce Co., Ltd. said that they made great efforts to build village-level logistics service outlets this year, and some of them failed to pay tax returns. Around Lianjiang township market, this company promotes industrial products to the countryside and excellent agricultural products to the city, and drives noodles, meat swallows, fish balls and kelp produced in Lianjiang to be sold nationwide.

After learning about this situation of the company, Lianjiang County Taxation Bureau of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China took the initiative to provide services. "You are responsible for solving the’ last mile’ of rural logistics services, and it is appropriate for us to take the initiative to come to the door." Gao Cuixia, a staff member of Lianjiang County Taxation Bureau, said that they actively support the development of small and micro enterprises, warehousing and logistics enterprises, village enterprises and other enterprises, so that enterprises can fully enjoy preferential tax policies, and at the same time, guide enterprises to standardize their operations through high-quality tax services, and further promote the development and growth of enterprises.

With the support of tax incentives, the post-80 s boys took aim at the "courier box"

After the "Double Eleven", billions of express parcels were issued one after another, and the logistics industry ushered in the annual business "flood peak". Consumers are happy to unpack the goods wrapped in layers, and also throw away a lot of express cartons, plastic packaging and sealing tapes. The environmental problems caused by these "packaging wastes" have once again attracted attention.

In Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, the post-80s boy Yu Gaidan took aim at the courier box. In 2018, he founded Wenzhou Fengbaoke Technology Co., Ltd. to develop and produce degradable new environmentally-friendly packaging materials, and establish a business model with recycling as the core, so that express packaging can be reused in large quantities. This year, Fengbaoke launched a variety of green packaging materials such as Feng BOX environmental protection box and degradable environmental protection bag, and signed cooperation agreements with logistics enterprises such as SF Express and Yunda Express.

The picture shows the Feng Box shared recycling box developed by SF SPS Center.

Yu Gaidan said that from a small workshop a year ago, it has developed into a logistics packaging overall solution provider with six patents. The growth of Fengbaoke cannot be separated from the support of the national tax reduction and fee reduction policy. "After deepening the implementation of the VAT reform policy this year, we reduced the VAT tax by 170,000 yuan in the second and third quarters. Coupled with the reduction of additional taxes and fees and the simultaneous downward adjustment of upstream purchase prices, the financial pressure in the initial stage of entrepreneurship was effectively alleviated."

In addition to deepening the reform of value-added tax, the deduction ratio of R&D expenses increased from 50% to 75%, which also ignited Fengbaoke’s R&D enthusiasm. "After the R&D expenses plus deduction ratio is increased, it is estimated that the tax reduction will be more than 300,000 yuan this year. We decided to invest all this 300,000 yuan in research and development to further improve the technical content of our products. "

Good policies also need to be implemented well. According to Li Gen, the financial director of Fengbaoke, they can fully enjoy the bonus of tax reduction and fee reduction, which is inseparable from the high-quality and efficient service of the local tax authorities.

It is understood that the business cooperation between Fengbaoke and logistics enterprises involves logistics packaging design, research and development of new materials, installation of smart locks, recycling of packaging boxes and many other contents. Because there are many kinds of business involved, how to accurately calculate each kind of business and fully enjoy tax incentives has always been a difficult point in enterprise financial treatment. "After understanding our situation, the local tax authorities have organized tax cadres to come to our homes for many times to explain the policies such as the cost collection of production and R&D activities, the scope of R&D expenses for additional deduction, the deduction and transfer accounting of special income, and so on, helping us to use the preferential policies." Li Gen said.

With the help of tax reduction policy and quality service, Yu Gaidan is full of confidence in the development of the enterprise: "Such a good tax business environment has strengthened our entrepreneurial confidence. I will work hard to develop and produce more environmentally-friendly packaging boxes with scientific and technological content, so that green express can enter the homes of more and more ordinary people. "

Notice of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for Promoting Foreign Trade to Stabilize and Improve

Yuefu [2016] No.52

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Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on Issuing and Promoting Foreign Trade

Notice of stabilizing and improving the implementation plan

People’s governments at the local level and listed, people’s governments of counties (cities, districts), departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　The "Implementation Plan of Guangdong Province for Promoting Foreign Trade to Stabilize and Improve" is hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement it carefully. Please report the problems encountered in the implementation process to the Provincial Department of Commerce.

people’s government of guangdong province

June 3, 2016

Guangdong province’s implementation plan for promoting foreign trade to stabilize and improve.

　　In order to implement the Opinions of the State Council on Promoting Foreign Trade to Stabilize and Improve (Guo Fa [2016] No.27), strive to promote the foreign trade in our province to stabilize and improve, and promote the transformation, upgrading and innovative development of foreign trade, this implementation plan is formulated.

　　First, enhance export efficiency

　　(1) Support enterprises to explore the international market. Formulate annual plans for key exhibitions at home and abroad, build independent exhibition platforms in key regions and countries, support enterprises to expand markets in countries along the Belt and Road, and consolidate and enhance traditional market shares in Europe and America. Make full use of exhibition platforms such as China Import and Export Fair, China Processing Trade Products Expo and Guangdong 21st Century Maritime Silk Road International Expo to expand exports. Cultivate a number of professional overseas exhibitions in key industries. We will carry out the activity of "traveling all over the country", strengthen economic and trade cooperation with border areas, and promote enterprises in our province to explore the border trade market. (The Provincial Department of Commerce and the Council for the Promotion of International Trade are responsible, and the leading unit is the one listed in the first place, the same below)

　　(2) Accelerate the cultivation of independent foreign trade brands. Support enterprises to expand the export of electromechanical and high-tech products. Encourage enterprises to establish their own brands, carry out international brand mergers and acquisitions, register trademarks overseas and other activities, set up a brand product marketing network, and strengthen the publicity of independent brands. Establish a statistical system for the export of branded goods. Guide the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade bases, accelerate the cultivation of regional brands, actively build public service platforms, and improve the competitiveness of traditional superior products. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Economic and Information Technology Commission, Guangdong Branch of Customs, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus are responsible)

　　(3) Encourage enterprises to "go global" to drive exports. Actively participate in the "Belt and Road" construction and international capacity cooperation to drive the export of equipment, materials, technologies, standards and services in our province. Support enterprises to lay out production bases and marketing networks in key target markets, build industrial parks and economic and trade cooperation zones, and build overseas operation centers, warehousing and logistics bases, trade distribution centers and commodity exhibition centers in important transportation hubs and nodes. Support qualified enterprises to "go global" and explore the establishment of overseas industrial parks. Support key enterprises to build overseas after-sales maintenance service centers and spare parts production bases for automobiles, machine tools, construction machinery, communications, rail transit, aviation, ships and ocean engineering. Accelerate cooperation projects in overseas key industrial parks to promote foreign trade exports. (Responsible for Provincial Department of Commerce, Development and Reform Commission, Economic and Information Commission and Science and Technology Department)

　　(four) to play the role of overseas trade promotion platform. Further improve the layout of overseas economic and trade representative offices, and organize various economic and trade exchange promotion activities by using the platforms of our province’s overseas economic and trade representative offices and overseas Guangdong Chamber of Commerce. Strengthen cooperation with overseas consulting service agencies, business associations and other institutions to establish a long-term mechanism for trade promotion. (Responsible by Provincial Department of Commerce and CCPIT)

　　Second, implement a proactive import policy

　　(five) the implementation of import discount policy. Combined with the construction of advanced equipment manufacturing industrial belt on the west bank of the Pearl River and a new round of technological transformation, we will timely adjust the catalogue of technologies and products encouraged to be imported in our province, implement the relevant national import discount policy, promote the import of advanced technology and equipment, key components and scarce resource-based products, and encourage enterprises to introduce, digest, absorb and innovate. (Responsible for Provincial Department of Commerce, Development and Reform Commission, Economic and Information Commission and Science and Technology Department)

　　(6) Promoting the import of bulk commodities and consumer goods. Promote the opening operation of large specialized terminals in Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Shantou, Jieyang, Zhanjiang and Yangjiang, and expand the import of bulk materials such as coal, oil and gas, ore and grain. Strive for the country to further relax the entry threshold for the import of resource commodities and give qualified crude oil processing enterprises the qualification to use and import crude oil. Implement the automatic import license management policy for important agricultural products such as sugar, and expand the import channels and scale. Expand the import of agricultural products and daily consumer goods, and guide consumption abroad to return. (Provincial Department of Commerce (Port Office), Development and Reform Commission, Department of Transportation, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau are responsible)

　　(7) Organizing import procurement activities. Combined with the industrial characteristics of our province and the import demand of enterprises, we will organize enterprises to carry out advanced equipment import procurement activities in developed regions such as Europe and America. Accelerate the construction of a number of import commodity trading centers that radiate across the province and even the whole country, and further play their role in promoting imports. (Responsible for the Provincial Department of Commerce and the Development and Reform Commission)

　　Third, promote the innovation and development of foreign trade

　　(8) Promoting foreign trade innovation by relying on the Pilot Free Trade Zone. Further deepen the reform of the investment management system of China (Guangdong) Pilot Free Trade Zone (hereinafter referred to as Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone) and improve the level of investment and trade facilitation. Strive for the support of the state departments to carry out pilot projects such as tax refund at the port of departure and domestic and foreign trade operations in the same port. Accelerate the replication and promotion of the innovative experience of the Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone, and actively promote the selective tariff collection policy in the special customs supervision areas in the region. Give full play to the advantages of cross-border electronic commerce enterprises in Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone, and accelerate the construction of distribution centers for imported consumer goods. For the financial leasing enterprises registered in the special customs supervision area of Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone to import large-scale equipment such as airplanes, ships and offshore engineering structures, under the premise of ensuring effective supervision and implementation of the existing relevant tax policies, the customs commission supervision policy will be implemented in different places. Encourage the expansion of parallel import of automobiles. Accelerate the introduction of headquarters-based enterprises to settle down, and support the Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone to build a comprehensive service platform for foreign investment that integrates cross-border financing services, international legal accounting services, and comprehensive information services. (Provincial Department of Commerce (Free Trade Office), Department of Finance, Guangdong Branch of Customs, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau are responsible)

　　(9) Promoting the innovative development of processing trade. Completely cancel the examination and approval of processing trade business in the province, and further improve the supervision mechanism after the event. Promote the whole information reform of Guangdong bonded processing manual management. Initiate the reform of "Facilitating the Domestic Sales of Processing Trade in internet plus", and simplify and standardize the management of the domestic sales of processing trade scraps and processed products. We will further promote the transformation and upgrading of processing trade and guide processing trade enterprises to strengthen technological transformation, R&D innovation and the cultivation of independent brands. Support processing trade enterprises to strengthen the docking with overseas large-scale commercial circulation enterprises and industrial design enterprises, and enhance the level of international cooperation. Cultivate a number of demonstration parks for innovative development and gradient transfer of processing trade, and guide the innovation-driven development of processing trade in the Pearl River Delta and the processing trade in Guangdong, East and West to become bigger and stronger. Support the gradient transfer of processing trade, and the vacated land is approved to be converted into commercial, tourism, pension and other uses. The industrial land obtained by processing trade enterprises according to law can be paid in installments according to the contract, and the land transfer reserve price can be determined by not less than 70% of the relevant standards for industrial projects that belong to the priority development industry in our province and use intensive land. Do a good job in implementing the policy of reducing social insurance rates in stages. Actively explore the pilot of classified supervision of goods status in qualified special customs supervision areas, and give qualified enterprises the qualification of general VAT taxpayer on the premise of fair tax burden and controllable risks. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Economic and Information Technology Commission, Department of Human Resources and Social Security, Department of Land and Resources, Provincial State Taxation Bureau, Guangdong Customs Branch, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus are responsible)

　　(ten) to promote the integration of foreign trade supply chain. We will increase support for foreign trade supply chain service enterprises, continue to identify a number of foreign trade comprehensive service pilot enterprises, improve facilitation measures such as customs clearance, tax refund, financing, inspection and quarantine, and strive to bring provincial foreign trade comprehensive service pilot enterprises into the scope of national pilot enterprises. Accelerate the establishment of a management model that is compatible with the development of foreign trade comprehensive service enterprises, and improve the classified management methods for tax refund (exemption) of foreign trade comprehensive service enterprises. Encourage enterprises to integrate the whole chain services from purchasing raw materials to sales terminals, and optimize the management and services of the foreign trade industry chain. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial State Taxation Bureau, Guangdong Customs Branch, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau are responsible)

　　(eleven) vigorously develop cross-border electronic commerce. Accelerate the construction of China (Guangzhou) and China (Shenzhen) cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zone. Actively strive for state support for export enterprises that meet the regulatory conditions in the comprehensive experimental area. If they cannot provide input tax invoices, they will implement the policy of exemption and non-refund of value-added tax according to regulations. Comprehensively promote the export business in cross-border electronic commerce, support the construction of "public overseas warehouses" in cross-border electronic commerce and cross-border electronic commerce Park, and improve relevant public service platforms. Promote cross-border electronic commerce’s import and build a number of cross-border electronic commerce’s import exhibition experience centers. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Economic and Information Technology Commission, Provincial State Taxation Bureau, Guangdong Customs Branch, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus are responsible)

　　(twelve) actively strive to carry out market procurement trade pilot. Promote the standardized development of tourism shopping trade mode, and replicate and promote the experience of tourism shopping export in qualified cities in the province. Expand the foreign trade function of the commodity market in the province, and support qualified markets to actively strive for the pilot business of market procurement trade. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial State Taxation Bureau, Guangdong Branch of Foreign Exchange Bureau, Guangdong Branch of Customs, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau are responsible)

　　(XIII) Accelerate the development of service trade. Vigorously promote the innovation and development of service trade in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and promote the construction of characteristic service export bases. Guide national service outsourcing demonstration cities and provincial service outsourcing demonstration cities and demonstration parks to improve supporting policies for service outsourcing. Accelerate the development of foreign cultural trade and establish a reward system for copyright export. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Development and Reform Commission, Department of Culture, Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television Bureau, Guangdong Customs Branch)

　　(14) Give play to the role of foreign investment in promoting trade. Support the transformation, upgrading and innovative development of state-level economic and technological development zones and various parks, stabilize the scale and speed of foreign investment, and improve the quality of foreign investment. Vigorously introduce new foreign-invested projects, promote existing foreign-funded enterprises to increase capital and expand production, strengthen the efforts to attract investment, intelligence and technology from developed regions such as Europe and the United States, and focus on introducing high-end industries, advanced technologies and key equipment. (Responsible for Provincial Department of Commerce, Development and Reform Commission, Economic and Information Commission and Science and Technology Department)

　　Fourth, increase fiscal and taxation financial support

　　(fifteen) the overall use of financial funds. Increase financial support, focusing on supporting enterprises to explore the international market, develop new foreign trade formats and insure credit insurance. Use special funds such as domestic and foreign economic and trade development and port construction to support overseas mergers and acquisitions and international marketing system construction in brands and patents, further improve the efficiency of capital use and speed up the progress of capital expenditure. (Responsible for Provincial Department of Commerce and Department of Finance)

　　(sixteen) the implementation of export tax rebate policy. Further accelerate the progress of export tax rebate, implement the time-limited settlement system, and improve the efficiency of tax rebate examination and approval. Clean up the tax refund data of enterprises that have been declared but have not ruled out doubts, and effectively solve the problems left over from history. We will improve the classified management measures for export tax rebates, gradually increase the proportion of first-class enterprises with export tax rebates, and actively give play to the exemplary role of first-class enterprises. We will implement the national policy of refunding tax on some mechanical and electrical products such as cameras, video cameras and internal combustion engines according to the principle of how much they are levied, ensure timely and full tax refund, and severely crack down on fraudulent tax refund. Actively strive for the country to improve the export tax rebate rate of special products such as hardware products and ceramic sanitary ware in our province. Expand the pilot scope of paperless management of export tax refund (exemption) and fully implement online pre-declaration of export tax refund. (Provincial State Taxation Bureau, responsible for the Provincial Department of Finance)

　　(seventeen) to promote the facilitation of financial services. We will guide financial institutions to increase their support for small and micro enterprises through policies such as differential reserve, interest rate, refinancing and rediscount. Encourage and support financial institutions to provide loans to foreign trade enterprises with orders and benefits, and expand the scale of mortgage financing and export credit insurance financing based on foreign trade orders, insurance policies and accounts receivable. Relying on the Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone and other carrier platforms, we will promote the use of RMB pricing and settlement, further improve the efficiency of cross-border RMB settlement, and accelerate the development of cross-border RMB loans and cross-border RMB payment services by payment institutions. Encourage China Xinbao Guangdong Branch, Export-Import Bank Guangdong Branch and CDB Guangdong Branch to provide financing support for enterprises to build an international marketing and after-sales service network. (People’s Bank of China Guangzhou Branch, Provincial Finance Office, Department of Commerce, Guangdong Banking Regulatory Bureau, China Xinbao Guangdong Branch, Export-Import Bank Guangdong Branch, CDB Guangdong Branch are responsible)

　　(eighteen) increase support for export credit insurance. Further reduce the average rate of short-term export credit insurance, and pay close attention to evaluating and supporting a number of medium-and long-term insurance projects under the premise of controllable risks. Expand the scale and coverage of export credit insurance, actively implement the special arrangement of export financing insurance for large-scale complete sets of equipment, and ensure all the export financing for large-scale complete sets of equipment. Increase support for export enterprises to insure export insurance and complete sets of equipment and export credit insurance for single machines, agricultural products and emerging markets. Strengthen the protection of credit risk of small and micro enterprises, and vigorously promote the "small and micro enterprises credit insurance". (China Xinbao Guangdong Branch, Provincial Department of Commerce, Financial Office, Guangdong Insurance Regulatory Bureau)

　　V. Improving the level of customs clearance facilitation

　　(nineteen) actively promote the innovation of customs clearance mode. Promote the pilot experience of "information exchange, mutual recognition of supervision and mutual assistance in law enforcement" in Guangzhou and Dongguan to promote the reform of customs clearance construction in the province. Further promote the pilot project of "single window" construction of international trade in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Vigorously promote the "one-stop operation" of port inspection and promote the "joint inspection and one-time release" customs clearance mode. Expand the applicable ports of the "cross-border one lock" plan. We will carry out in-depth reforms of "Easy Customs Clearance in internet plus" and "Standard Handling of Abnormal Situations". Comprehensively promote paperless customs clearance operations. Promote the standardization of customs supervision sites and centralized inspection and quarantine sites in the province. Accelerate the construction of a unified Guangdong electronic port and port monitoring system platform, and provide a public sharing platform for data exchange and safety supervision for the reform and innovation of customs clearance mode. (Provincial Port Office, Guangdong Branch of Customs, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus, Provincial Public Security Frontier Inspection Corps, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou Frontier Inspection Stations, and Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration)

　　(twenty) optimize the inspection methods of exit commodities at the port. Optimize the inspection supervision mode, actively improve the technical conditions for customs clearance facilitation, promote the "double random" spot check mechanism of randomly selecting the inspected objects and randomly selecting inspectors, gradually increase the proportion of non-invasive inspection and machine inspection, improve the pertinence and effectiveness of inspection, and further reduce the average inspection rate of customs exports. Strengthen classification guidance, focus on reducing the inspection rate for export enterprises with high credit certification, and increase the inspection intensity for export enterprises with poor credit. (Guangdong Branch of Customs, responsible for entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureaus in Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai)

　　(twenty-one) the implementation of the country of origin and other policies to benefit enterprises. Do a good job in the promotion and implementation of preferential policies for the origin of China-South Korea, China-Australia and other free trade agreements, and simplify the declaration procedures for certificates of origin. Strengthen the protection of products of ecological origin, improve the brand image of featured products in our province, and enhance international competitiveness. (Guangdong, Shenzhen, Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Guangdong Branch of Customs)

　　(twenty-two) to strengthen port exchanges and cooperation. Promote the development of international rail-sea multimodal transport, speed up the improvement of the port function of Dongguan Shilong Railway International Logistics Center, strengthen cooperation with border areas such as Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, improve the operation level of "Central Europe" trains, and promote the convenient transit and customs clearance of "Guangdong-Manchuria-Russia" and "Guangdong-New Europe" international container trains. Organize port customs clearance environment promotion and port logistics promotion and exchange activities in countries along the "Belt and Road" to promote port and shipping logistics cooperation with relevant countries. (Provincial Port Office, Department of Transportation, Guangdong Branch of Customs, Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus of Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai, and Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration are responsible)

　　Sixth, optimize the foreign trade business environment

　　(twenty-three) to further clean up and standardize the fees charged by enterprises involved in foreign trade. Implement the "Overall Plan for Supply-side Structural Reform in Guangdong Province (2016-2018) and Five Action Plans" and do a good job in helping enterprises reduce costs. Intensify the efforts to clean up and rectify the charges in import and export links, and cancel the fees and charges that are ultra vires and self-reliant. Improve the positive list of import and export business service charges, strengthen supervision and inspection of import and export charges, and establish a long-term supervision mechanism. Implement the charging target list system and the "Port Charging Measures" and establish a working mechanism to crack down on illegal charges. Intensify the investigation and punishment of e-government platform fees, and carry out a comprehensive inspection of e-government platforms of customs, entry-exit inspection and quarantine, taxation, commerce and other departments according to the unified national arrangements. In-depth promotion of customs inspection links to avoid the comprehensive pilot of hoisting, shifting and warehousing costs for foreign trade enterprises without problems, and reduce the customs clearance costs of foreign trade enterprises. Accelerate the integration of cargo port charges into port construction fees. Implement the national policy that the export of electrical and electronic products that meet the policy conditions can be exempted from the disposal fund of waste electrical and electronic products according to regulations. (Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Department of Finance, Department of Transportation, Department of Commerce (Port Office), Guangdong Branch of Customs, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus, and Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration are responsible)

　　(twenty-four) improve the foreign trade management mechanism. Further simplify the certification procedures, strive for state support, and delegate all the authority for issuing non-electromechanical automatic import licenses in our province to various cities. Explore and improve the access and exit mechanism for the export management right of live livestock and poultry for Hong Kong and Macao, improve the distribution method of export quotas for live livestock and poultry for Hong Kong and Macao in the province, and encourage advantageous enterprises to expand exports. (Responsible by the Provincial Department of Commerce)

　　(twenty-five) to strengthen intellectual property protection. Support the establishment of overseas rights protection alliances and overseas rights protection platforms. Carry out patent early warning analysis of key export products in our province, and guide enterprises to guard against and deal with intellectual property risks. Cultivate and support a number of high-end intellectual property service institutions. Accelerate the construction and improvement of the assistance system for intellectual property rights protection, and guide relevant industry associations to strengthen intellectual property self-discipline and carry out foreign-related responses. Innovate customs enforcement mode of intellectual property rights, strengthen customs protection of intellectual property rights, and maintain fair competition in foreign trade order. Establish an early warning and monitoring platform for trade friction, properly handle trade friction cases, and achieve full coverage of legal aid support for enterprises involved. Further strengthen the cultivation, management and assessment of provincial fair trade workstations, and explore the establishment of an industrial safety early warning system. Strengthen the research and response of foreign technical trade measures, and actively help enterprises to effectively deal with the impact of foreign technical trade measures. (Provincial Department of Commerce, Intellectual Property Office, Guangdong Branch of Customs, Guangdong, Shenzhen and Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus are responsible)

　　All localities should further raise awareness, strengthen the organization and leadership in promoting the stabilization and improvement of foreign trade, earnestly implement the document No.27 [2016] of the State Council and this implementation plan, and introduce targeted supporting measures in light of the actual situation in the region to promote the implementation of various policies and measures. All relevant departments should clarify the division of responsibilities, strengthen coordination and cooperation, pay close attention to formulating the implementation rules of relevant national and provincial policies and measures, and make early deployment and implementation. The Provincial Department of Commerce should conscientiously do a good job in overall coordination and follow-up supervision, decompose the responsibility for the steady growth of foreign trade and structural adjustment to governments at all levels and relevant departments, earnestly strengthen the analysis and judgment of the foreign trade operation situation, organize special supervision in a timely manner, regularly report the progress of the work, and promptly invite the units with poor work to the provincial government for interviews, so as to fully realize the stabilization and improvement of foreign trade in our province.

In case of flood, it will take a long time to do embroidery.

　　[Economic Interface]

　　Guangming Daily reporter chenchen

　　Urgent! Urgent! Since July, the total rainfall in northern Jiangxi and central and northern Jiangxi has reached more than three times that of normal years; Four hydrological stations in Poyang Lake broke through the historical extreme in 1998, and the water level is still rising. On 14th, the flood control and drought relief headquarters of Anhui Province issued an order to ask Anqing, Chizhou, Tongling, Wuhu and Maanshan to do a good job in the evacuation of the Jiang Xinzhou of the Yangtze River and the Bund Wei. The water levels of the Yangtze River below Jianli and Dongting Lake and Taihu Lake are still in a state of exceeding the police.

　　Upgrade! Upgrade! On July 10th, the Hydrological Bureau of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources upgraded and issued the red warning of flood in the river section near the mouth of Poyang Lake and Poyang Lake area; Jiangxi Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters upgraded the emergency response of flood control to Grade I on the 11th, and the National Defense General and the Ministry of Water Resources upgraded the emergency response of flood control and flood and drought disaster prevention to Grade II on the 12th, respectively, and all localities and departments made full efforts to rescue and provide disaster relief.

　　At present, flood control has entered a critical period. What is the flood disaster situation in China? What cards can we play to prevent floods and disasters? What shortcomings still exist in China’s disaster prevention and mitigation system? How to fill these short boards?

　　Armed police soldiers carry sandbags in Jialing Village, Poyang Town, Poyang County, Jiangxi Province. Xinhua news agency

　　The rainstorm warning has been issued for 40 consecutive days since January and June, and frequent rainfall concentration has caused severe flood control situation in the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake basins.

　　[number]

　　The "barometer" of water conditions in Qilishan, Dongting Lake and Yangtze River basins in Yueyang City, Hunan Province — — Chenglingji Hydrological Station "watches" the vast lake, and the water level scale board standing beside the dam shows that the highest water level in the station in history was 35.94 meters on August 20, 1998. At 5: 30 on July 12th, the flood peak water level at Chenglingji Hydrological Station was 34.58m, which was 0.03m higher than the guaranteed water level (34.55m). At 15: 00 on the 13th, the water level at Chenglingji Hydrological Station was 34.43m, which was 1.93m higher than the warning water level. Similarly, the Poyang Lake basin is facing unprecedented flood control pressure. At 0: 00 on the 12th, the lake at Xingzi Station, a landmark hydrological station in Poyang Lake, broke through the historical extreme of the flood level of 22.52m in 1998. According to the satellite monitoring report, from July 2 to 8, in just seven days, the area of Poyang Lake expanded to the largest scale in recent 10 years, reaching 4,206 square kilometers.

　　The grim situation of the current public opinion can be seen from this. From June 2 to 6: 00 on July 12, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a rainstorm warning for 40 consecutive days, which became the longest since the rainstorm warning service was launched in 2007. Rainstorms and floods occurred frequently in southern China, and floods were serious in some areas. According to the data updated to July 13th, there are 433 rivers with floods exceeding the warning level, among which 109 rivers have floods exceeding the insurance level and 33 rivers have floods exceeding the historical level. No.1 flood occurred successively in the Yangtze River, the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the Xijiang River in the Pearl River Basin, the Beijiang River and Taihu Lake; The water levels in the main stream of the Yangtze River below Jianli and in Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake and Taihu Lake are still in a state of exceeding the police.

　　Ye Jianchun, Vice Minister of Water Resources, said that compared with previous years, this year’s flood situation mainly showed four characteristics: First, the rainfall was very concentrated. Since June, heavy rainfall has been concentrated in the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake basins, and the average rainfall in the Yangtze River basin has ranked first since 1961. The cumulative rainfall in the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake basin is 50% to 1.6 times higher than the average for many years. "The point with the largest rainfall is Wuyuan, Jiangxi, and the rainfall has reached 1966 mm since June. What is this concept? The average annual rainfall in Beijing is 630 mm, which means that Wuyuan has been raining in Beijing for three years since June. " Ye Jianchun further explained that the second is that the floods are relatively concentrated, and 422 of the 433 rivers with floods exceeding the police are in the south; Third, the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake floods are concurrent; Fourth, there are frequent floods in small and medium-sized rivers. There are 397 over-alarms in small and medium-sized rivers, 100 of which are over-insured, with a high proportion, and 27 of them exceed the highest water level in history. For example, the water level in Chongqing Qijiang has risen by 10 meters in 8 hours.

　　People are generally concerned about how the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River compares with the torrential rain in southern China in 1998. Zhai Jianqing, an associate researcher at the National Climate Center, responded that considering the scope, duration and rainfall comprehensively, it was found that from June 27 to July 9, the comprehensive intensity of the regional rainstorm weather process in southern China was the fifth strongest since 1961 and the first in 1998. Compared with the flood in 1998, the southern regional rainstorm weather process from June 27 to July 9 this year has the characteristics of long duration and wide influence.

　　"So far, the average precipitation in the Yangtze River basin is 51% higher than that in normal years. It can’t be simply compared with 1998. In 1998, after the rain belt lifted northward, it returned to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which lasted until the end of August. The duration was very long, and the Yangtze River levee was soaked in water for a long time, making it difficult to rescue. From a meteorological point of view, the rain belt will rise northward in the future, affecting the northern part of China. At present, it is unlikely that there will be concentrated precipitation for two months similar to that in 1998. " Zheng Guoguang, Secretary-General of the National Disaster Reduction Committee and Deputy Minister of Emergency Management, pointed out.

　　The arrival of the critical period of "Seven Downs and Eight Ups" flood control has made people pay special attention to the future trend of rain and flood. Ye Jianchun said that the rain belt is expected to move northward in the later period, and regional floods may occur in northern rivers such as the middle reaches of the Yellow River, Haihe South System, Songhua River, Liaohe River and Huaihe River. At the same time, the situation in the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake is still grim because of the relatively high water levels at present. "It is predicted that the eastern part of the rain belt will move northward in the middle and late July, but there is still obvious precipitation in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Although the water levels in Jianli-Datong section of the main stream of the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake gradually receded, they still exceeded the police by 0.12-2.76 meters at 18: 00 on the 14th, and the flood control pressure in the Yangtze River basin will not be alleviated. It is expected that the water level will continue to maintain a high level until late July or even mid-August, and the water level in Taihu Lake may be over-guaranteed. " Liu Zhiyu, deputy director of the Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring and Forecasting Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, stressed.

　　Hukou County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province is carrying out flood discharge from the lakes in the park. Zhang Yushe/Bright Picture

　　22,297 reservoirs blocked 64.7 billion cubic meters of flood water, and made every effort to ensure the safety of people’s lives and property.

　　[scene]

　　At 16: 05 on July 12th, before the arrival of the flood peak in the evening, a hydrologic survey ship "Hydrology 107" with the words "Hydrology of the Yangtze River" set sail from the Yangtze River Hydrological Terminal in Jiangtan, Hankou, Wuhan, and headed for the flow measurement section of Hankou Hydrological Station, which is located 5400 meters downstream of Wuhan Pass, to collect the high flood discharge and single sediment concentration of the section before the flood peak. After checking the flow test data, Jiang Haili of Hankou Branch of Hydrology Middle Reaches Bureau of Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission of Ministry of Water Resources wrote down the data of "26 measurements and flow of 56,300m3/s" in the record book, and immediately submitted it to the hydrological sub-center. Two minutes later, the data of this flow test was displayed in the Yangtze River Hydrological APP.

　　Accurate survey and monitoring, timely submission of information, and scientific forecasting and forecasting are the "sharp soldiers" and "eyes and ears" of flood control. Early and accurate forecasting of water regime can win more initiative for flood control. In this regard, the Ministry of Water Resources makes full use of the hydrological monitoring and forecasting system integrating automatic forecasting, network transmission, efficient processing and forecasting, and more than 120,000 flood forecasting stations to strengthen monitoring and forecasting. "In the past two years, the forecast period of flood forecast in China has been extended by 1-mdash on average; In two days, the accuracy of flood forecasting increased by 5% on average, from 85% in the south to 90% now, and the accuracy of flood forecasting in the north reached 70%. In addition, big data and artificial intelligence technologies have been applied in early warning and forecasting of small and medium-sized rivers in recent years, which has improved the forecasting ability. " Liu Zhiyu told reporters.

　　More and more scientific and refined is not only forecasting, but also reservoir operation. At 23: 00 on July 12th, the flood peak in Wuhan crossed the border and lasted until the daytime on the 13th. Chen Guiya, deputy chief engineer of Yangtze River Water Conservancy Committee of Ministry of Water Resources, described the flood peak as "relatively fat" and "relatively gentle". The reason for being "fat" was that the Three Gorges Reservoir kept controlling the flow of 19,000 cubic meters per second. As of the evening of July 12th, the Three Gorges Reservoir has impounded about 3 billion cubic meters of flood water, which is equivalent to reducing the discharge of more than 210 West Lakes. At present, there are 30 large reservoirs in the Yangtze River basin that have been put into joint operation, which have played a role in blocking flood peaks, effectively reducing the water level in the middle and lower reaches and the two lakes, and reducing the flood control pressure. According to statistics, in China, the Ministry of Water Resources has scientifically and finely dispatched 2,297 (secondary) reservoirs, with a total of 64.7 billion cubic meters of flood interception, avoiding the transfer of 7.23 million people.

　　"There is a shortage of personnel, and the deployment is tight. Jiangzhou is outside, and Jiangzhou needs you!" Not long ago, a long letter from Jiangzhou Town, Chaisang District, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province was widely circulated. Seeing this "letter from home", many people from other places in Jiangzhou donated materials, and about 3,000 young people directly returned home to join the flood control team. "We are adults and can protect our homes." Xu Xin, a college student returning home, is busy bagging and carrying sand at the dam. Zou Taiyong, who returned to Jiangzhou Town from Jiujiang City, has been busy inspecting the dam. "After the flood, I began to prepare materials and came back with them. This is my home, and it is our responsibility to keep it. " Zou Taiyong said. At present, the residents of Jiangzhou Town have been evacuated in batches, and healthy young adults aged 18 to 65 have stayed behind to participate in flood control, and more than 600 officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police are fighting with all their strength.

　　Where there is danger, there is rescue and rescue. On the 13th, the Emergency Management Department urgently dispatched 1,000 professional fire-fighting and rescue officers and men, such as flood fighting and water rescue, to support flood fighting and rescue in key areas such as Poyang Lake. "The National Defense General coordinated rescue forces, dispatched 47,000 person-times, rescued and evacuated 76,000 people in distress, strengthened coordination and linkage with the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force, docked 203 rescue teams of central enterprises, and actively coordinated and guided social rescue forces to participate in rescue and disaster relief. Since the flood season, the number of people affected by floods, the number of missing people, the number of collapsed houses and the direct economic losses in the country have decreased by 7.3%, 51.2%, 69.3% and 9.4% respectively compared with the same period in the past five years. " Zheng Guoguang said on the 12th.

　　In response to the flood control exam, embroidery skills are also reflected in more places — — More than 300,000 people visited the dikes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and in the provinces and cities of Taihu Lake Basin, and found dangerous situations in time and handled them. Strengthen supervision to ensure the safety of reservoir during flood season; The Ministry of Water Resources regards mountain torrents as the key point of defense, guides and urges all localities to strengthen the investigation of hidden dangers, sends a total of 15.05 million early warning messages, and starts early warning broadcasts for more than 105,000 times, so as to gain time for the timely transfer of the masses … …

　　Hydrologists of the Yangtze River carefully rushed to measure the flood peak and Sha Feng in front of the Three Gorges Dam. Photo by Zhang Weige/Bright Picture

　　3. Accelerate the completion of engineering and non-engineering shortcomings to build the concept of harmonious coexistence between people and rivers and lakes.

　　[thinking]

　　In the next stage, while doing a good job in flood control in the south, the Ministry of Water Resources will continue to pay close attention to the "three major risks" of excessive floods, reservoir accidents and mountain torrents, and guide the northern and other places to do a good job in flood and drought disaster prevention. The National Defense General will also continue to tighten the responsibility for flood control, keep an eye on weak links, strengthen emergency rescue and properly provide post-disaster relief. However, from a longer-term perspective, some problems and shortcomings exposed in China’s flood and drought disaster prevention in this year’s flood control examination can not be solved immediately in the "next stage", but also need long-term planning and long-term success.

　　Since the flood season began this year, the Taihu Lake Basin has relied on fine dispatching key projects to fully discharge floods, and the flood situation has been alleviated. However, even the Taihu Lake basin, which has a strong ability to control flood control and disaster reduction, still faces problems such as insufficient flood discharge capacity. "In the future, we will continue to improve the flood control engineering system and step up the construction of key projects such as Wusong River, Wangyu River and Taipu River; Improve the comprehensive management pattern of Taihu Lake, lead and discharge the Yangtze River in the north, supply and discharge the Huangpu River in the east, and discharge Hangzhou Bay in the south. " Zheng Chunfeng, deputy director of Suzhou Administration of Taihu Basin Administration of the Ministry of Water Resources, said.

　　A glimpse of the whole leopard. Judging from the national situation, during the flood season this year, on the one hand, the role of scientifically dispatching water projects reflects the necessity of speeding up the construction of major water conservancy projects, on the other hand, the dangers in some places expose that China’s flood control and disaster reduction system is still not perfect. At the same time, China’s special physical geography, climatic conditions and development stage determine the long-term and arduous task of water control. In the long run, China needs to fill the shortcomings of major water conservancy infrastructure.

　　In this regard, the the State Council executive meeting held a few days ago studied the construction arrangements of 150 major water conservancy projects this year and its follow-up, demanding that the construction be accelerated, effective investment be promoted, and the ability to prevent floods and droughts be enhanced. After the implementation of these projects, it is estimated that the flood control capacity will be increased by about 9 billion cubic meters, the length of the river channel will be about 2,950 kilometers, the irrigation area will be increased by about 28 million mu, and the annual water supply capacity will be increased by about 42 billion cubic meters.

　　The flood control standards of major rivers have been significantly improved. What about small and medium-sized rivers? "The flood control standards of small and medium-sized rivers are low, and the quality of dikes is poor, so it is a weak link in flood control every year." Wang Zhangli, deputy director of the Department of Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention of the Ministry of Water Resources, said frankly that while reminding local governments to strengthen inspections of small and medium-sized rivers, find dangerous situations in time and grab protection in time, the Ministry of Water Resources will increase the management of small and medium-sized rivers through the promotion of the river length system and the "four chaos" of rivers and lakes.

　　During the interview, some experts said that the weak links in the current flood prevention work are the increasingly prominent urban flood problem, the low flood control capacity of small and medium-sized rivers, the large number of dangerous reservoirs, the difficulty in opening flood storage and detention areas, the lack of flood control awareness of some cadres and the masses, and the lack of practical experience in fighting floods and rescues. Some engineering projects can’t be filled in a short period of time, so they need to be made up in non-engineering measures such as monitoring, forecasting and early warning, scheme plan, organization and mobilization, and team material preparation.

　　Many experts pointed out that frequent and serious floods and droughts are China’s national conditions due to climatic conditions. Floods cannot be completely eliminated, and there can be no once-and-for-all engineering means to prevent and control floods. Based on economic rationality and reality, flood control facilities can only meet certain design standards, while floods are very random. Therefore, flood control and disaster reduction is actually the resistance and risk management of flood disasters. The guiding ideology is to change from disorderly and uncontrolled competition for land with water to orderly and sustainable coexistence with floods, to maintain awe of nature, to find a way out for floods, and to establish a more harmonious and good relationship between people and rivers and lakes.

Headquarters exclusively investigates the pursuit of ＂ghost guns＂ in the United States： Why did 3D printing guns become ＂outlaws＂？

　　In the United States, the first Friday of June is designated as "National Anti-Gun Violence Day" to commemorate the victims and survivors of gun violence. The United States is the country with the most serious gun violence in the world. According to the real-time data of the non-profit organization "Gun Violence Archives", as of May 31, local time, in 2023, 17,650 people in the United States had been killed by shootings, and the number of mass shootings reached 268, equivalent to an average of 1.8 per day. And this number is rising year by year.

　　The Second Amendment of the American Constitution gives citizens the right to keep and carry weapons. The ease of buying guns in the United States has become a strange phenomenon. People can even buy guns in supermarkets and bullets in vending machines. However, in recent years, a new kind of gun is challenging the already very weak gun management regulations in the United States: "ghost gun", a weapon that can be assembled by itself without any license, can not be tracked, and even at home. What is a "ghost gun", who is making it, and who is using it? Let’s look at the investigation report brought by Liu Xiaoqian, a CCTV reporter in the United States: "Ghost Gun Chasing the Murder".

　　"Ghost Gun" party scans American 3D printing gun crowd

　　Amid the incessant gunfire in the United States, a new threat is quietly appearing.

　　The "ghost gun" is actually visible and tangible, so it is named because it has no serial number of the gun and cannot be tracked by law enforcement agencies. At the same time, this ghostly existence is flooding the network. People can mail-order gun parts at will, even people without foundation can assemble them themselves, and even a USB flash drive can print a gun in 3D.

　　US President Biden:Whether it is a terrorist or a domestic abuser, it takes only 30 minutes from obtaining gun parts to assembling a gun.

　　According to the data of the US Department of Justice, in 2021, the number of "ghost guns" seized by the US police at the crime scene reached 20,000, 12 times that of 2017.

　　Why can the "ghost gun" escape the supervision of American law? And can the lethality of a 3D printing gun be comparable to that of ordinary guns?

　　We went to Florida to find out.

　　What will be held here is the only 3D printing gun competition in the United States. We started to contact the organizers through different channels six months ago, but we finally got permission to shoot on the eve of the competition.

　　CCTV reporter Liu Wei:Before the official start of the competition, the organizers are making some safety instructions and introductions. Some of them are only about one year old, and they all started with 3D printing guns.

　　The competition is divided into three categories: pistol, rifle and carbine. Among the contestants, there are amateurs and representatives of companies specializing in the production and sale of 3D printed guns.

　　Reporter:The yellow part is printed in 3D?

　　3D printing gun enthusiast Dell:Yes, you can see its lines if you get closer.

　　Reporter:What material is it printed with?

　　3D printing gun enthusiast Dell:It is made of polylactic acid, which is printed layer by layer, and the printing time takes 2 to 4 days.

　　Reporter:What about the rest of the gun parts?

　　3D printing gun enthusiast Dell:You can buy the remaining gun parts online or in gun shops.

　　Reporter:Is this your first 3D printing gun?

　　3D printing gun enthusiast Dell:This is my first 3D printing gun, and it is also my first rifle. I only bought a pistol before.

　　Reporter:So you have no experience in 3D printing guns before. Is it difficult to make this gun?

　　3D printing gun enthusiast Dell:I watched some videos on the internet that taught people to assemble guns, especially the part of getting off the gun box, which lasted more than an hour. After reading it, I thought it should be no problem and decided to make my own gun.

　　A gun consists of different parts, which can be metal or plastic. According to the current federal law of the United States, only the lower gun box is the decisive part of a gun. Once the gun box has holes for connecting and fixing other parts, it is recognized as a gun. On the contrary, it is just a piece of metal. The "ghost gun" is wandering in the gray area of this law.

　　3D printing gun manufacturer Jordan:This is an "80% gun magazine". It is only 80% completed. According to federal law, it is not a gun. This is the state when we sold it. You see, this is a completely processed lower gun box with holes in it. There is no problem if the customer drills the hole himself. If I drill the hole in the gun box and give it to you or sell it to you, it is equivalent to manufacturing guns. I need to apply for a license, and as a customer, you also need to do identity examination.

　　In fact, the magazine can also be obtained through 3D printing. One of the sponsors of the competition, the Texas-based "Distributed Defense" company provides a USB flash drive with a price of only $11, and customers can get the print data of various rifle magazines.

　　Reporter:How long does it take you to print out this rifle?

　　Brian, a manufacturer of 3D printing guns:The magazine was printed for 24 hours, the grip was printed for 15 hours and the cushion was printed for 6 to 8 hours.

　　CCTV reporter Liu Wei:Although the guns are printed in 3D, they all use traditional bullets. These are large caliber bullet casings that we found at the scene. In the process of watching, we also found that not all guns can be used normally, and some faults often occur.

　　3D printing gun enthusiast Ben:The previous bullet got stuck and failed to shoot, at the same time, the next bullet automatically entered the gun chamber.

　　At present, there are more than 80 companies that manufacture and sell "ghost guns" in the United States. Anyone can place an order without showing his identity documents, which means that the other end of the network may be a fan of 3D printing guns or a planner of mass shootings.

　　Reporter:As a seller of 3D printing guns, do you think we should do some basic customer identity checks?

　　3D printing gun manufacturer Jordan:I think there are many laws that restrict bad guys from getting guns. If a person prints guns just for his own use, I don’t think there is any problem.

　　Edgar Andyon, Organizer of 3D Printing Gun Competition:The "ghost gun" is just an object. Objects don’t do bad things. People use objects to do bad things.

　　Reporter:Do you think there is any way to prevent the "ghost gun" from falling into the wrong hands?

　　Edgar Andyon, Organizer of 3D Printing Gun Competition:I think this question is wrong. What you’re asking is actually how to prevent the bad guys from doing bad things. It’s very difficult, just like looking for a needle in a haystack. We can’t tell who the bad guys are from the crowd. This is a wrong direction.

　　The murderous 3D printing gun is the perfect crime weapon?

　　Anyone can place an order to buy, even people with zero foundation can teach themselves to make guns. While 3D printing gun technology brings fun to gun lovers, will it create more security risks for American society that is deeply poisoned by gun violence?

　　Many manufacturers of 3D printing guns insist that this self-assembled gun is the least likely weapon to be used by criminals.

　　Brian, a manufacturer of 3D printing guns:It takes you several days to print and assemble a gun. If a criminal needs to use a gun, they won’t waste time assembling it, but just buy a cheap and stolen gun.

　　However, a series of shootings have proved that the opposite is true. California is one of the most frequent areas of "ghost gun" violence. The local police said that more than half of the guns seized at the crime scene in recent years were "ghost guns".

　　CCTV reporter Liu Wei:Every year in mid-June, large-scale gun control demonstrations are held all over the United States. This is Grand Park in downtown Los Angeles, and one of the people calling for this activity is the victim of the "ghost gun".

　　Mia Tretta, Survivor of the "Ghost Gun" Campus Shooting;At that time, we were talking and laughing when we suddenly heard a gunshot. When the second gunshot sounded, I had fallen to the ground. I got up and ran into the classroom. My classmates and teachers rushed to stop the bleeding for me. I was shot by an unknown classmate and a minor with a .45 caliber "ghost gun".

　　Mia Tretta is from Santa Cralli Tower in Southern California. In November 2019, a large-scale shooting happened in her middle school. A classmate pulled out a "ghost gun" from his backpack and shot at the crowd, causing five injuries to two dead.

　　CCTV reporter Liu Wei:The shooter at Sagos High School was only 16 years old. The weapon he used was a 3D printed .45 caliber semi-automatic pistol. Because the gun has no serial number, the police can’t determine its source and the time when it was made.

　　The minimum age for holding a gun in California is 21. Because the murderer committed suicide after the attack, the police can’t determine who bought and assembled the "ghost gun".

　　Less than five months after the shooting, the father of Grace Mulberg, one of the victims, successfully ordered a set of gun parts for the "ghost gun" in the name of his dead daughter. He shared this experience in Washington post to expose the darkness of the "ghost gun" industry.

　　In November, 2017, 44-year-old Kevin Neil killed his wife and neighbors in Lanciotti Black Horse Reserve in Northern California. He then drove into a local primary school and fired more than 100 bullets into the classroom, killing 5 people and injuring 18 others.

　　Jonathan Loy, the attorney for the victims of the dark horse shooting in Lanciotti and the founder of the anti-gun organization "International Action on Gun Violence":The murderer was not allowed to buy and own guns because he had a criminal record, but he got guns from the seller of "ghost guns" and killed people crazily.

　　Whether it is a teenager under the age of holding a gun or a felon who is deprived of the qualification to buy a gun, the "ghost gun" has given them a green light without distinction.

　　Reporter:Why is the "ghost gun" the perfect weapon for criminals?

　　Jonathan Loy, the attorney for the victims of the dark horse shooting in Lanciotti and the founder of the anti-gun organization "International Action on Gun Violence":It is very simple to get a gun legally in the United States. There are more gun shops than coffee shops and chain fast food restaurants in the United States. The main target market of "ghost guns" is those who cannot legally get guns.

　　A hole apart, 3D printing gun, haunted by ghosts.

　　There is a hole in the gun box part, which is a gun. Without a hole, it is just a piece of metal. American gun laws are not only full of loopholes, but also far behind the development of the times and technology. The federal government of the United States tried to "slam the brakes" on the control of "ghost guns", but did it have the expected effect?

　　3D printing can be traced back to the 1980s, and now people have used this technology to make furniture, food and even medical prostheses.

　　In 2013, Cody Wilson, the inventor of the American 3D printing gun, completely published a 3D printing data named "Savior" pistol on the Internet for the first time, with 100,000 downloads.

　　Today, ten years later, supporters of 3D printing guns have spread all over the United States.

　　Rob pincus, a well-known American gun advocate:We want to show the outside world that many people in the gun group are passionate about 3D printing guns, and this momentum is becoming more and more obvious. In recent years, the group of self-made guns has grown stronger and stronger, and with the support of the industry, we find that the traditional gun industry has gradually accepted this.

　　Rob pincus used to be a policeman and a gun instructor, but now his focus has shifted to 3D printing guns, and he has frequently endorsed "ghost guns" on TV programs and from the media.

　　Rob pincus, a well-known American gun advocate:Every gun victim should realize that the injury is not caused by the gun itself, but by the person who uses the gun, and the violence is caused by the person. I don’t think the victims or their families care whether they are 3D printed guns, guns assembled by children or traditional guns obtained through illegal or private channels.

　　The victims of ghost guns obviously can’t accept this defense.

　　Mia Tretta, Survivor of the "Ghost Gun" Campus Shooting;("Ghost Gun") is designed to take advantage of loopholes in the law and go beyond the original regulations to ensure our safety. I stand here to tell you that the loopholes in the law are as wide as the Grand Canyon, and the existing gun laws and regulations are far from enough.

　　In April 2022, the US Department of Justice issued a new regulation, which listed the "ghost gun" kit as a weapon recognized by federal law. However, this regulation is difficult to implement in practice. In March 2023, a federal judge in Texas temporarily suspended the regulations on the grounds that the new regulations were suspected of breaking the law. Several "ghost gun" companies, including "distributed defense", immediately resumed sales.

　　Rob pincus, a well-known American gun advocate:I don’t think adding 3D printing guns or making laws and regulations in the field of homemade weapons will improve the situation. If it becomes more difficult, more money is needed, more background checks are needed, and more procedures are added, fewer and fewer people will make their own guns, and fewer and fewer gun owners will be more educated and responsible.

　　Reporter:Many people think that strengthening legal provisions will harm the interests of responsible gunmen.

　　Jonathan Loy, founder of the anti-gun organization "International Action on Gun Violence":Responsible gunmen also fully support selling guns in the right way to prevent guns from falling into the wrong hands; Responsible gunmen also agree that guns should have serial numbers to provide information for law enforcement agencies. Buyers should do background checks. Many polls show that most people with guns fully support better gun laws.

　　The "ghost gun" not only gradually broke free from the French Open, but also showed a more fierce side. 3D printing guns without metal parts may escape the security inspection equipment in public places such as airports, creating possibilities for crimes and terrorist attacks.

　　Jonathan Loy, founder of the anti-gun organization "International Action on Gun Violence":I think the 3D printing gun market may provide convenience for the criminal market, and it will be a potential problem to make guns with 3D printers and provide them to criminal groups.

　　According to the police records of many States in the United States, mass production of 3D printed guns for criminal groups has become a new trend in the black market of weapons.

　　Rob pincus, a well-known American gun advocate:The printing data of 3D guns is on the Internet, and 3D printers are readily available. The momentum of people printing guns is unstoppable.

　　After a whole day’s heat and tympanic membrane stimulation, the contestants voted for the champions of various gun types, but who is the real winner in this "ghost gun" chase?

Starting from 69,800 yuan! SAIC Volkswagen LaVida Xinrui drove home easily.

In the increasingly fierce competition in the compact car market, every model is seeking a breakthrough to attract more consumers’ attention. The cutting edge introduced by SAIC Volkswagen, with its car color product strength, has successfully stood out among many models and become the focus of consumers’ attention. So, what is the charm of this new car and can attract so much attention? Next, let’s find out.

Appearance, LaVida’s new front face adopts semi-closed design, and chrome-plated decorative strips are skillfully integrated with the lamp group, showing a simple but stylish atmosphere. The side lines of the car body are smooth, and the slip-back design is matched with 15/16-inch wheels, which shows the movement and vitality. In the rear part, the duckling tail design and the integrated taillight group complement each other, showing personality and taste.

Based on the MQB platform, LaVida Xinrui also performs quite well in space utilization, and passengers can enjoy spacious seating space in both front and rear rows. The large trunk volume of 498L can easily meet the various loading needs of daily trips and weekend outings, so that young consumers can enjoy their lives while taking into account the practicality of their work.

With only 69,800 yuan, you can have a "new quality national sedan" with super high value, super high quality and super cost performance in one step. For young consumers who are looking for a family car with high cost performance and reliable quality, LaVida is undoubtedly a rare choice.

Putin： The direct involvement of the West in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict means that Russia will make an appropriate decision when it goes to war with Russia.

△ Putin (data map)

　　On the 12th local time, Russian President Vladimir Putin said that the direct involvement of NATO, the United States and European countries in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict would greatly change the nature of the conflict, which would mean that they would go to war with Russia. Russia will make appropriate decisions according to the threats it faces.

　　As for the recent high-level speculation in Britain and the United States that Ukraine will be able to use western long-range weapons to attack the Russian hinterland, Russian President Vladimir Putin said in an interview with Russian media that some people tried to steal the concept because it was not a question of allowing or prohibiting the Kiev regime from launching attacks on Russian territory. The Kiev regime is already launching attacks with the help of drones and other means. But talking about the Kiev regime’s use of long-range high-precision weapons made in the West is another story.

　　Putin said that, first of all, any expert in Russia and the West can confirm that the Ukrainian army has no ability to use the modern long-range precision weapon system made in the West to carry out strikes. Only by using satellite information can the Ukrainian army do this, but Ukraine does not have satellite information. Only satellites of the European Union or the United States or, generally speaking, NATO satellites are providing relevant information. Secondly, it is very crucial that only NATO soldiers can operate these missile systems to perform their tasks. Ukrainian soldiers have no ability to do it.

　　Putin stressed that this is not a question about whether to allow the Ukrainian regime to use long-range weapons to attack Russia, but whether NATO countries decide to directly participate in military conflicts. If the West makes this decision, it will mean that NATO countries, the United States and European countries will directly participate in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. Their direct participation has greatly changed the essence and nature of the conflict. This will mean that these countries are at war with Russia. If this is the case, Russia will make an appropriate decision according to the threat it faces, considering the change in the nature of this conflict. (Reporter Song Yao, General Desk)

Original Zhao Lusi attended the brand launch conference. Long legs are full of fairy-tale values, but their height is controversial.

Recently, Zhao Lusi appeared in an activity in Shanghai and became the spokesperson of soda brands. More than half a month has passed since the last activity. Her figure is slimmer and her temperament is more obvious. On that day, she wore the white "Jellyfish Wings" of auburn Vauthier Spring/Summer 2023 collection. She looked like a perfect elf, full of fairy spirit and comparable to the charm of Liu Yifei.

Zhao Lusi’s appearance is unique in the entertainment circle. She has a gentle oval face like Liu Yifei, but she exudes a purer and sweeter temperament. Her long auburn brown hair was made into big waves, giving people a sense of Korea. Like the actors in the online drama, Zhao Lusi’s road to fame is not smooth. Since 1995, she has become the best star known as an actress. An incredible audience gathered at the event site that day. Zhao Lusi warmly communicated with all the fans and greeted them. Even if the original image is not filtered, it is still very beautiful.

The sponge element on the skirt shows exquisite craftsmanship. Sponge elements are layered, giving the skirt a rich layering. This style not only adds a fairy tale flavor to the skirt, but also makes the whole look thicker.

In the fashion world, the luxury of a dress depends largely on the texture of the material. Although this little white skirt worn by Zhao Ruth is casual, the heavy ruffles on the skirt add more charm. This also explains why the texture of some clothes can be seen at a glance

Zhao Lusi’s appearance is highly recognizable in the eyes of actresses and has a unique recognition. She has a delicate oval face and a photogenic Liu Yifei angle. But Zhao Lusi seems to give people a more pure and sweet feeling. She has long brown auburn hair with obvious big waves in the middle, which is no different from Korean style. In her stunning style, the little white skirt has become the first choice for beautiful girls. Like many other activities attended by Zhao Ruth, these activities usually require wearing a white suit. This time is no exception. In the limited edition of spring and summer, she wore a white skirt with irregular shoulder straps and was decorated with mushroom elements. It looks like little white jellyfish scattered on its wings. It is light and smart, and exudes fairy-tale charm. .

It has been eight years since Zhao Lusi made her debut. As a resounding story goddess on the Internet, she successfully transformed into a rose with high value. Zhao Lusi is not only a carefree actor, but also shows excellent acting skills. Over the years, she has always adhered to a pure and lovely road, showing the innocence and sweetness of fairies. It is no exaggeration to say that she is one of the actresses whose personality is closest to that of Liu Yifei in the entertainment circle.

From the goddess of online drama to the popular doll, Zhao Lusi has taken a flawless white road, which complements the fairytale innocence and sweetness. It is worth noting that Zhao Lusi has many fans. Although she was born in Chengdu, Sichuan, when she performed in Shanghai, the event attracted a large number of fans, most of whom were women. This fully shows its unique charm. Although Zhao Lusi’s public height is only 161 cm, which is relatively short among many celebrities in the entertainment circle, high heels are undoubtedly a great invention. On the day of the event, Zhao Lusi wore a pair of thin and high heels, and the gas field was instantly enhanced. Not only does the figure look tall, but even a pair of long white legs have attracted countless eyes.

Zhao Lusi is slightly petite. Compared with gorgeous dresses on the red carpet, simple dresses are more suitable for small daily activities. The advantage of petite figure allows her to control the suspender skirt well, revealing a large area of skin, showing the charming amorous feelings of petite women, without making her shoulders look too broad. This dress has a V-neck design, which is dotted with sparkling diamond jewelry, making the upper body look delicate and bright. Although the straight version does not emphasize Zhao Lusi’s waist, it shows her graceful figure in a short skirt by showing her slender leg lines. The fringed mushroom element design on the skirt, coupled with the soft and elegant chiffon fabric, makes the whole dress unique and full of design, as if white jellyfish were swaying gently on the skirt.

It is worth noting that Zhao Lusi showed his unique views on the choice of clothes. Every time she makes public appearances, she will amaze her fans with her own clothes and never let them down. This time, she chose a dress with a shorter skirt, which successfully highlighted her long legs and was very cute.

Zhao Lusi showed a very lively side on the stage. She works closely with the male host and puts on different poses at the same time, which constantly surprises the audience. This performance not only proves that she will never be left out by the audience as a star, but also shows her versatile side. Her talent and charm make her a top star.

Recently, photos of Zhao Lusi attending offline activities have attracted widespread attention on the Internet. Among them, her facial condition caused some controversy, and many netizens began to doubt whether she had plastic surgery. However, some fans think that this may only be caused by filters and light processing.

As the number one star among 95 roses, Zhao Ruth’s popularity is beyond doubt. At the event, the fans supported her with umbrellas under the scorching sun, and they didn’t flinch at all. In order to cope with such a large flow of artists, the organizers hired dozens of security guards in black uniforms, which became another attraction of the venue. On the day of the event, Zhao Lusi’s dress was very simple, and the vest with short skirt was simple and full of energy. Facing the support of the fans, Zhao Lusi smiled happily, greeted them while walking, and was very sympathetic to the fans.

Despite the large number of fans at the scene, Zhao Lusi mastered his facial expressions perfectly. She can smile and interact with many fans, showing a high degree of approachability. Judging from the real-time photos taken at the scene, Zhao Lusi’s facial expression looks very natural, and even when she smiles, she doesn’t feel hurt. In addition, some netizens also noticed that Zhao Lusi’s height seems to be exposed. Judging from the photos, her height seems to be less than 1.5 meters, which surprised some netizens.

Zhao Lusi has always presented a beautiful image. After work, he will also share short videos of his happy and interesting daily life on some websites. She doesn’t hide her true personality, and she doesn’t stick to the image of a dignified lady. It is because of her truthfulness and friendliness that the audience likes her so much.

Editor in charge:

Changan Automobile releases new brand of flying car together with partners.

On December 18, Changan Automobile announced that it would sign a contract with relevant companies on December 21 to jointly carry out forward-looking research on flying cars. Previously, Changan Automobile announced plans for flying cars and humanoid robot products in 2024, and promised to invest more than 50 billion yuan in the next five years. It plans to release flying cars in 2026 and humanoid robot products before 2027.

At today’s launch conference of Guangzhou Automobile Flying Car brand and new products, Guangzhou Automobile showed its brand-new high-altitude GOVY)AIRJET flying car. The GOVY AIRJET flying car adopts the design concept of "hidden front", with a height of 2.3 meters, equipped with self-developed motors of GAC and multiple redundant systems, with a nominal cruising range of more than 200 kilometers, which supports rapid recharge in 30 minutes. In the future, the flying car will also be equipped with all-solid-state self-developed by GAC, and its battery life is expected to exceed 400 kilometers. The interior design of GOVY AIRJET adopts a large-area bright design, including a white seat and a long navigation screen. At the same time, it is equipped with an intelligent perception, decision-making and obstacle avoidance system to support the "all-space unmanned system link". Guangzhou Automobile High-Domain GOVY AIRJET flying car plans to start airworthiness certification, lay out production lines and open reservations in 2025.

＂Marriage＂ with AI, 5G can ＂manage＂ itself.

　　Photo courtesy of vision china

　　A very important feature of 5G is that at the protocol layer, the Internet and communication networks have truly integrated. Therefore, many of our algorithms in the computer field and technologies in the Internet field can be more easily implemented in the 5G network.

　　Dean of Tsinghua University Intelligent Industry Research Institute, Zhang Yaqin

　　"Ah, Wuhuan, you have one more ring than Sihuan." Many people have a similar understanding of 5G: 5G is 1G more than 4G, movies download in seconds, and video on demand is smooth … …

　　In the latest issue of Telecommunications Science, an article titled "The Next Decade of Communication Artificial Intelligence" shows people a completely different prospect of 5G communication applications: the future communication network can be highly autonomous. Through deep integration with artificial intelligence, 5G communication can realize "three selves", that is, parameters are self-configured, performance is self-optimized, and faults are self-cured.

　　On May 4th, Zhang Yaqin, one of the co-authors of the paper, an academician of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and president of Tsinghua University Intelligent Industry Research Institute, said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily reporter that the communication industry is moving towards 5G, and it will soon move towards 6G. Just watch the video faster and the signal is better. That’s not 5G.

　　What is the real 5G? Why do 5G networks "marry" with artificial intelligence?

　　Only with artificial intelligence can we break through these bottlenecks.

　　"The combination of 5G and artificial intelligence is an urgent matter." Wei Leping, one of the co-authors of the paper, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and director of the Science and Technology Committee of China Telecom Group Company, is most concerned about the energy consumption of 5G.

　　Compared with a 4G base station, a 5G base station consumes 3.5— of energy under half load. Four times. "If the value generated by 5G is not enough to pay the electricity bill, it will become a bottleneck for the widespread landing of 5 G." Wei Leping said that the optimization ability of artificial intelligence may solve this problem, so relevant departments, enterprises and other institutions need to dig, standardize and promote with a sense of urgency.

　　In addition to data limit and energy consumption bottleneck, artificial intelligence is also urgently needed for the management of huge networks.

　　"The 4G communication network system is enormous, and the types of networks are also very complicated. Up to now, I haven’t counted how many networks there are. Therefore, it is very difficult to manage these networks, not to mention organic integration and collaborative improvement. " Wei Leping said that the situation of 5G is more complicated, and it is even more impossible to manage such complicated resources manually. Therefore, it is very necessary for artificial intelligence to intervene, put forward early warning and give pre-judgment, and greatly improve the management efficiency of 5G networks.

　　In the past 10 years, they have "danced in chains"

　　As early as a decade ago, the communication industry has already seen the potential value of machine learning and artificial intelligence.

　　"In the beginning, some foreign operators were full of confidence in realizing the self-organization, self-optimization and self-healing of communication networks in the 3G stage, hoping to partially realize the automation and intelligence of the networks in the 3G stage." Dr. Ouyang Ye, one of the co-authors of the paper, Chief Technology Officer and Senior Vice President of AsiaInfo Technology recalled that in 2008, the industry began to define the self-organizing network at the international standard level for the first time.

　　It stands to reason that in the next 10 years, self-organizing networks should usher in a period of rising development, but this is not the case.

　　"In the past 10 years, American and some European telecom operators have deployed some self-optimizing network (SON) systems independently or in a mixed way, trying to integrate artificial intelligence into the planning, construction, maintenance and optimization of communication networks, but the overall effect has not reached expectations." Ouyang Ye said that this happened because the 2G and 3G networks themselves, including their ecology, software and hardware, equipment interfaces, etc., were not built according to the concept of intelligence, and the network elements themselves did not support artificial intelligence in the stage of standardization construction, and it was difficult to connect with artificial intelligence, network interfaces and signaling systems. It’s like inviting a famous doctor to treat a disease, but the patient himself doesn’t accept injections and medicines.

　　3G network is like an "iron plate", and the integration with artificial intelligence has become "dancing in chains".

　　It was not until the emergence of 5G that this situation ushered in a turning point.

　　Zhang Yaqin explained: "A very important feature of 5G is that at the protocol level, the Internet and communication networks have truly integrated. Therefore, many of our algorithms in the computer field and technologies in the Internet field can be more easily implemented in 5G networks. "

　　Therefore, in the construction of 5G infrastructure in China, we should consider the integration of artificial intelligence and leave an interface for the integration of artificial intelligence.

　　To this end, the author of this paper calls on the builders of the communication industry to further open up the network standardization interface, give artificial intelligence the opportunity to fully empower and inject wisdom into the network infrastructure, network management operation and maintenance system, business support system, etc., and take 5G and artificial intelligence as technology "combination" to further release the potential.

　　Wisdom "neurons" germinate in desk work

　　Back in February, 2017, the Second Working Group on Services and Systems of the International Organization for Standardization 3GPP began to study the intelligent network elements of the 5G core network. They defined a network element with network data analysis function: the nodes of a communication network can collect personalized information of users, form a unique personal portrait, analyze it through the portrait, and then provide the analysis results to the decision-making level.

　　This is the first time that mobile communication has defined standardization in the core network architecture since 1G to 5G, and requires the deployment of network artificial intelligence network elements.

　　"The intelligentization of 5G starts from standardization, which is a characteristic of the communication field, because the so-called communication must be connected to transmit information. And standardization is to avoid ‘ Chickens talk to ducks ’ The premise. " Ouyang Wei said.

　　On the other hand, the network element with "soul" is the foothold of artificial intelligence algorithm and model in 5G network. Through the network element, the ability of artificial intelligence is "injected" into the 5G network, and the nodes in the 5G network will gradually have different intelligent functions, and the network element will be able to participate in the decision control of the control plane of the core network in a comprehensive and real-time manner.

　　Since then, the new components of network intelligence have been enriched.

　　In June 2017, china communications standards association launched the research on the application of artificial intelligence in telecommunication networks.

　　In February 2018, the Open Wireless Access Network Alliance was established to open the "Android version" of the mobile information artificial intelligence framework.

　　In June, 2020, China Mobile and AsiaInfo Technology formally introduced the concept of federated learning into the 3GPR17 standard for the first time, forming the first global international standard of federated learning in the 5G field.

　　"In terms of 5G network intelligence, China operators and manufacturers are in the first camp." Ouyang Ye said that at present, in the key standards organizations for the intelligentization of 5G communication networks (including 3GPP, Global System for Mobile Communications, etc.), China manufacturers have a very high degree of participation, and together with more international manufacturers, they are working together to promote the intelligentization of 5G.

　　In 2023, the mobile communication network will realize initial intelligence.

　　"We expect that by 2023, the mobile communication network will realize initial network intelligence and initially build a network element of network artificial intelligence." Ouyang Ye told reporters that by this step, communication artificial intelligence will reach L2 level (primary intelligent autonomous network).

　　From 2023 to 2027, the communication network will evolve to L3 or even L4 level. At that time, the intelligent network can do more advanced things, such as "catching thieves".

　　Wei Leping gave an intelligent scene of transmission network. "The optical fiber is cut off, which happens many times every year. At present, an optical fiber bears the capacity of 8T, and once it is cut off, it is very harmful. But with artificial intelligence, you can make an early warning. " Wei Leping said that the optical fiber must be stressed before being cut off. Once stressed, sensitive artificial intelligence can know in advance that the signal is abnormal and even locate it accurately.

　　The attitude of relevant experts is relatively conservative as to whether the complete autonomy of the 5G intelligent network can be achieved by 2028.

　　"In 2027 and 2028, it is very likely that the first version of 6G international industry standard will be released. This key node determines whether artificial intelligence can continue to play a core role in the process of evolution to 6G. If the attempt at 5G fails, its importance and status will also become lower." Ouyang Wei said.

　　In Zhang Yaqin’s view, in the era of data 3.0 where everything is data, a network that can’t learn autonomy is embarrassing and useful.

　　Whether 5G or 6G communication networks can achieve a perfect high degree of autonomy in the next 10 years is unknown, but the dream of "unmanned" runs through the hearts of every scientific researcher and industrial worker who is obsessed with artificial intelligence.

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