On December 19th, 2024, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention released the China Influenza Surveillance Weekly, No.835 (December 9th-15th) in the 50th week of 2024. According to the test data, the positive rate of influenza detection in southern and northern provinces continues to rise, mainly with subtype A(H1N1)pdm09.
1. Can you tell the difference between influenza, influenza A and influenza B?
Influenza, referred to as "influenza" for short, is divided into four types: A, B, C and D. It is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which can cause outbreaks and epidemics worldwide.
Second, how is the flu infected?
It is mainly spread by droplets such as sneezing and coughing, and directly or indirectly contacts infection through mucous membranes such as mouth, nose and eyes. Contact with items contaminated by viruses can also be infected through the above channels.
In certain places, such as crowded, closed or poorly ventilated rooms, it may also spread by aerosol.
3. Who are the susceptible populations of influenza?
The incidence of influenza is high, and the whole population is generally susceptible. Some high-risk groups, such as the elderly, infants, obese people, pregnant women and patients with chronic diseases, have a relatively high risk of serious complications caused by influenza virus infection.
4. What’s the difference between flu and common cold?
Mild flu is often similar to the common cold, but fever and systemic symptoms are more obvious.
Common cold. Sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose and cough are the main symptoms.
Flu Generally, the acute onset is mainly high fever, and the body temperature is mostly 39-40℃. Patients often have systemic symptoms such as chills, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, and respiratory symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat and cough. It can also cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, vomiting and diarrhea. In addition, there may be other symptoms such as chest pain when coughing, facial flushing and conjunctival congestion.
5. What are the treatments for influenza?
High-risk groups infected with influenza virus are easy to cause severe influenza, and antiviral treatment within 48 hours of onset can reduce complications, mortality and hospitalization time.
6. Influenza ≠ Three great tricks of common cold, scientific prevention
Step 1 get the flu vaccine
Vaccination against influenza is the most effective means to prevent influenza and reduce influenza-related severe illness and death. It can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications of vaccinators.
2. Drug prevention
It is suggested that close contacts with high risk factors of severe influenza should be given emergency temporary drug prevention after exposure, and it is recommended to take drugs within 48 hours.
3. Personal protection
(1) Wash your hands frequently. Wash your hands frequently and pay attention to washing your hands correctly. Do not touch your eyes, nose or mouth with dirty hands.
(2) cover your mouth and nose. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose completely with paper towels or elbows, throw the used paper towels into the trash can in time, and wash your hands in time.
(3) less gathering. During the influenza epidemic season, the elderly, children, pregnant women, patients with chronic basic diseases and other high-risk groups should try their best to reduce going to crowded places and closed spaces, and wear masks if necessary. Advocate the public to wear masks in public transport, closed spaces and crowded places.
(4) Regular ventilation. Open the window for ventilation at least three times a day for at least half an hour each time to keep the indoor air fresh.
(5) Enhance immunity. Enhance physical fitness and dietary balance. Maintain a scientific diet and daily life, actively exercise and improve the body’s immunity.
Original title: Influenza ≠ Common cold! During the flu season, accept this flu prevention guide quickly.
Original link: https://zyj.beijing.gov.cn/sy/whkp/202412/t20241224 _ 3972257.html.
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