Beijing, March 30 (Reporter Li Jinlei) The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance recently issued a heavy document. The endowment insurance for urban and rural residents with more than 500 million people will usher in at least five major changes: the determination of treatment, the normal adjustment of basic pensions, the adjustment of individual payment grades and the adjustment of payment subsidies will be established and improved; At the same time, the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents will carry out entrusted investment to realize the preservation and appreciation of individual account funds.
China News Service reporter Li Bo photo
Four years after the establishment of the system, it ushered in major adjustments.
This document is called "Guiding Opinions on Establishing the Basic Old-age Insurance Treatment for Urban and Rural Residents and the Normal Adjustment Mechanism for Basic Pensions".
Let’s take a look at popular science first. The endowment insurance for urban and rural residents was established in 2014, which was merged from the previous two systems of "new rural insurance" and "urban residential insurance". It is different from the old-age insurance for employees. Its coverage is at least 16 years old (excluding students at school), staff of non-state organs and institutions and urban and rural residents who are not covered by the basic old-age insurance system for employees.
The pension insurance for urban and rural residents consists of basic pension and personal account pension. According to the data of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, by the end of December 2017, there were 512.55 million people participating in the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents, including 155.98 million people receiving benefits, with a monthly per capita pension of 125 yuan, including a basic pension of 113 yuan.
Zhongxin. com reporter Li Jinlei
Improve the treatment determination mechanism
— — Appropriate tilt for residents aged 65 and above.
This adjustment comes at the right time. According to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents has not been established for a long time, and there are still some problems, such as the low level of protection, the imperfect mechanism for determining treatment and normal adjustment, and the weak incentive and restraint mechanism for payment.
According to the opinion, the central government reasonably determines the national minimum standard of basic pension according to factors such as the per capita disposable income and financial situation of urban and rural residents nationwide; Local governments raise basic pension standards according to local conditions, and give appropriate tilt to urban and rural elderly residents aged 65 and above; For long-term payment, more than the minimum payment period, the basic pension should be appropriately added.
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said that giving appropriate preference to urban and rural elderly residents aged 65 and above is due to the fact that the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents has not been established for a long time, and some older elderly residents have not paid or paid for a short period of time, and have no personal account pension or the amount is low, but they have made important contributions to the country’s economic and social development in the past.
Establish a normal adjustment mechanism for basic pensions.
— — Reference income growth, price changes and other factors
At present, the national minimum standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents is 70 yuan/month, which was adjusted from 55 yuan in 2015 and implemented so far. In the same period, the basic pension for retired employees has increased every year.
This situation will be changed. According to the opinion, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security should, together with the Ministry of Finance, refer to the adjustment of income growth of urban and rural residents, price changes and other social security standards such as basic old-age insurance for employees, and timely propose an adjustment plan for the national minimum basic pension for urban and rural residents, and report it to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for determination; The adjustment of local basic pension should be proposed by the local human resources and social security department in conjunction with the financial department and submitted to the party Committee and government at the same level for determination.
Zhang Yinghua, an executive researcher at the World Social Security Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences, told Zhongxin.com that the adjustment of basic pensions for urban and rural residents is linked to the income of urban and rural residents, so that residents can share the fruits of economic development; Linked to the price level, so as to ensure that the purchasing power does not decrease; Linked to the adjustment level of employee pension, so as to avoid the widening pension income gap between urban and rural residents and retired employees.
Establish an adjustment mechanism for individual payment grade standards.
— — The grade should be reasonably determined and adjusted.
When the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents is established, the individual contributions are set at 12 grades in 100 yuan, 200 yuan, 300 yuan, 400 yuan, 500 yuan, 600 yuan, 700 yuan, 800 yuan, 900 yuan, 1,000 yuan, 1,500 yuan and 2,000 yuan each year, and the people’s governments of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) can add the payment grades according to the actual situation.
This opinion once again stressed that all localities should reasonably determine and adjust the payment grade standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents according to the income growth of urban and rural residents for urban and rural residents to choose.
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said that it is necessary to ensure that the minimum payment grade standard increases reasonably with the income growth of local urban and rural residents, which not only ensures that the residents’ payment burden is moderate, but also promotes the normal growth of individual account storage and improves the pension level of individual accounts.
The reporter noted that many places have adjusted their payment grades this year. For example, Henan will adjust the minimum payment grade of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents to 200 yuan per person per year, and cancel the minimum payment grade of 100 yuan per person per year.
Establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for payment subsidies.
— — "Pay more and make up more" to guide the choice of high-grade payment
Participating in the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents can enjoy government payment subsidies. The opinion requires that all localities should establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for payment subsidies for basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, and rationally adjust the level of payment subsidies according to economic development, improvement of individual payment standards and financial situation.
Among them, the payment subsidy can be appropriately increased for those who choose higher-grade payment, and urban and rural residents can be guided to choose high-grade standard payment.
Zhang Yinghua believes that this is a mechanism that emphasizes the establishment and improvement of "overpayment and overpayment", aiming at encouraging insured persons to increase their contributions and get higher pensions in the future, thus improving the degree of protection.
Carry out entrusted investment in the basic old-age insurance fund for urban and rural residents
— — Realize the preservation and appreciation of personal account funds
The opinion requires that all localities should carry out entrusted investment in the basic old-age insurance fund for urban and rural residents in accordance with the requirements and provisions of the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Measures for the Administration of Investment in the Basic Old-age Insurance Fund, so as to maintain and increase the value of the fund and improve the pension level of individual accounts and the fund’s ability to pay.
This means that after the basic endowment insurance fund for urban workers starts to invest and operate, the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents will also start to invest.
Then, how much is the basic old-age insurance fund for urban and rural residents now? According to the data of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, by the end of 2016, the accumulated balance of the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents was 538.5 billion yuan.
Zhang Yinghua said that the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents entrusted investment, bid farewell to the way of "long money and short deposit" with very low interest rate, and can obtain better income through diversified investment, ensuring that "long money" can maintain and increase its value, thus improving the treatment of insured persons and encouraging insured persons to pay more and more. (End)
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